PLA2G4C phospholipase A2 group IVC [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PLA2G4Cprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: phospholipase A2 group IVCprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:9037
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000105499 MIM:603602; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9037
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CPLA2-gamma
Summary: This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the phospholipase A2 enzyme family which hydrolyzes glycerophospholipids to produce free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, both of which serve as precursors in the production of signaling molecules. The encoded protein has been shown to be a calcium-independent and membrane bound enzyme. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in brain (RPKM 6.1), heart (RPKM 5.7) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 19q13.33

Exon count:: 20

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
110	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	19	NC_000019.10 (48047846..48110817, complement)
110	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	19	NC_060943.1 (51041707..51104743, complement)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	19	NC_000019.9 (48551103..48614074, complement)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Enzymatic properties of human cytosolic phospholipase A(2)gamma.
Title: Enzymatic properties of human cytosolic phospholipase A(2)gamma.
We found no significant influence of the PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C polymorphisms on mean age at first hospital admission (P > 0.05) and that the investigated polymorphisms significantly influenced the clinical psychopathology only in male patients. The PLA2G4C polymorphism accounted for approximately 12% of negative symptom severity.
Title: An association between PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia risk and illness severity in a Croatian population.
Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs9226, rs1045376, rs251684, rs2307279, and rs156631) in PLA2G4C and four SNPs (rs6533451, rs2285714, rs2285713, and rs11728699) in PLA2G12A were selected and genotyped. Our results showed a significant association between ASD and the rs251684 variant of PLA2G4C. The rs251684 polymorphism of PLA2G4C may be associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder risk.
Title: The rs251684 Variant of PLA2G4C Is Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Northeast Han Chinese Population.
The A allele in PLA2G4C single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1549637) is associated with a worse prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer, especially in stage II.
Title: Prognostic significance of PLA2G4C gene polymorphism in patients with stage II colorectal cancer.
Results demonstrated no significant impact of PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C gene polymorphisms on attenuated niacin skin flushing in schizophrenia patients.
Title: Polymorphisms in PLA2G6 and PLA2G4C genes for calcium-independent phospholipase A2 do not contribute to attenuated niacin skin flush response in schizophrenia patients.
site-specific cytosine methylation of the CpT of PLA2G4C may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
Title: The DNA methylation profile of PLA2G4C gene promoter in schizophrenia.
These findings suggest that IVC-PLA(2) is involved in regulations of macrophage differentiation and macrophage polarization.
Title: Regulation of macrophage differentiation and polarization by group IVC phospholipase A₂.
these results suggest that cPLA(2)gamma plays an important role in cancer cell chemotaxis.
Title: Downregulation of cPLA2γ expression inhibits EGF-induced chemotaxis of human breast cancer cells through Akt pathway.
Findings suggest that variation in PLA2G4C may influence preterm birth risk by increasing levels of prostaglandins, which are known to regulate labor.
Title: Primate-specific evolution of noncoding element insertion into PLA2G4C and human preterm birth.
cPLA(2) has a role in the induction of cell autonomous cellular immunity to Chlamydia
Title: cPLA2 regulates the expression of type I interferons and intracellular immunity to Chlamydia trachomatis.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (23)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	HIV-1 gp120 induces a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through binding to CD4, but this effect is not sufficient to accomplish virus/cell fusion	PubMed
	env	HIV-1 gp120 causes an activation of phospholipase A2, resulting in the increased release of arachidonic acid, which may sensitize the NMDA receptor	PubMed
Tat	tat	HIV-1 Tat upregulates phospholipase A2, group IVC (PLA2G4C) expression in Jurkat T-cells	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D11S2921 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:152074

A004H25 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:76829

L17705 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:66091

D8S2278 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473906

D8S2279 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473907

D19S664E (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:27736

G38154 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:53341

D10S16 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:155756

D1S1425 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:149621

SHGC-67307 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:89991

D11S3114 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:152207

WI-14200 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:64938

SHGC-153641 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:183215

L17971 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:43966

Homology

Homologs of the PLA2G4C gene: The PLA2G4C gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, mouse, and zebrafish.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 88 organisms have orthologs with human gene PLA2G4C
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables O-acyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables calcium ion binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables calcium-dependent phospholipid binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables lysophospholipase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables lysophospholipase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables phosphatidyl phospholipase B activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables phospholipase A1 activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables phospholipase A2 activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables phospholipid binding	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in arachidonic acid metabolic process	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in glycerophospholipid catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in glycerophospholipid catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in inflammatory response	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in intracellular signal transduction	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in lipid droplet formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in parturition	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in phospholipid metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in platelet activating factor biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cell cortex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in lipid droplet	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nuclear envelope	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma

Names: cytosolic lysophospholipase; cytosolic lysophospholipid O-acyltransferase; phospholipase A2, group IVC (cytosolic, calcium-independent)

NP_001152794.1

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

NP_001152795.1

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

NP_003697.2

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

XP_011525733.1

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

XP_011525734.1

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

XP_016882903.1

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

XP_047295540.1

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

XP_047295541.1

EC 3.1.1.4

EC 3.1.1.5

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_016021.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5036..68007

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001159322.2 → NP_001152794.1 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform 2 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' coding region which results in a frameshift compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) is longer and has a distinct N-terminus compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC010458, AC011466, AK295400

Consensus CDS

CCDS59403.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9UP65

Related

ENSP00000472546.1, ENST00000599111.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd07202
Location:19 → 539

cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent
NM_001159323.2 → NP_001152795.1 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform 3

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001152795.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region which results in a frameshift compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 3) is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC010458, AC011466, AK022440

Consensus CDS

CCDS54286.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9UP65

Related

ENSP00000346228.2, ENST00000354276.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd07202
Location:4 → 527

cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent
NM_003706.3 → NP_003697.2 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003697.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the predominant isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AC010458, AC011466, BC063416

Consensus CDS

CCDS12710.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9UP65

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A024QZH0

Related

ENSP00000469473.1, ENST00000599921.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd07202
Location:4 → 529

cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Homo sapiens Annotation Release 110 details...

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

48047846..48110817 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_011527431.4 → XP_011525733.1 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd07202
Location:4 → 511

cPLA2_Grp-IVC; Group IVC cytoplasmic phospholipase A2; catalytic domain; Ca-independent
XM_047439585.1 → XP_047295541.1 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X4
XM_047439584.1 → XP_047295540.1 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X3
XM_011527432.4 → XP_011525734.1 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl11396
Location:4 → 425

Patatin_and_cPLA2; Patatins and Phospholipases
XM_017027414.3 → XP_016882903.1 cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma isoform X5