ROCK2 Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ROCK2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:10252
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000134318 MIM:604002
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ROCK-II
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates cytokinesis, smooth muscle contraction, the formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions, and the activation of the c-fos serum response element. This protein, which is an isozyme of ROCK1 is a target for the small GTPase Rho. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in fat (RPKM 15.2), colon (RPKM 13.4) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2p25.1

Exon count:: 37

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
109.20211119	current	GRCh38.p13 (GCF_000001405.39)	2	NC_000002.12 (11179759..11345437, complement)
105.20201022	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	2	NC_000002.11 (11319885..11485563, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

circNSUN2 promotes the malignant biological behavior of colorectal cancer cells via the miR181a5p/ROCK2 axis.
Title: circNSUN2 promotes the malignant biological behavior of colorectal cancer cells via the miR‑181a‑5p/ROCK2 axis.
Rho-associated protein kinase-dependent moesin phosphorylation is required for PD-L1 stabilization in breast cancer.
Title: Rho-associated protein kinase-dependent moesin phosphorylation is required for PD-L1 stabilization in breast cancer.
[The Expression and Significance of Serum Protein ROCK2 in Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease].
Title: [The Expression and Significance of Serum Protein ROCK2 in Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease].
GASC1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting the degradation of ROCK2.
Title: GASC1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting the degradation of ROCK2.
Myosin II isoforms promote internalization of spatially distinct clathrin-independent endocytosis cargoes through modulation of cortical tension downstream of ROCK2.
Title: Myosin II isoforms promote internalization of spatially distinct clathrin-independent endocytosis cargoes through modulation of cortical tension downstream of ROCK2.
The Role of ROCK in Platelet-Monocyte Collaborative Induction of Thromboinflammation during Acute Coronary Syndrome.
Title: The Role of ROCK in Platelet-Monocyte Collaborative Induction of Thromboinflammation during Acute Coronary Syndrome.
Circular RNA circ_HN1 facilitates gastric cancer progression through modulation of the miR-302b-3p/ROCK2 axis.
Title: Circular RNA circ_HN1 facilitates gastric cancer progression through modulation of the miR-302b-3p/ROCK2 axis.
The ROCK isoforms differentially regulate the morphological characteristics of carcinoma cells.
Title: The ROCK isoforms differentially regulate the morphological characteristics of carcinoma cells.
Ligand-induced conformational rearrangements regulate the switch between membrane-proximal and distal functions of Rho kinase 2.
Title: Ligand-induced conformational rearrangements regulate the switch between membrane-proximal and distal functions of Rho kinase 2.
RPTPepsilon promotes M2-polarized macrophage migration through ROCK2 signaling and podosome formation.
Title: RPTPε promotes M2-polarized macrophage migration through ROCK2 signaling and podosome formation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (179)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	Filamin-A-dependent activation of the RhoA-ROCK-LIMK-cofilin pathway is a major event in HIV-1 gp120-induced receptor clustering	PubMed
matrix	gag	HIV-1 p17-mediated activation of the Rho/ROCK-signaling pathway is required for p17-mediated monocyte adhesion and migration	PubMed
	gag	HIV-1 p17-induced activation of PTEN is regulated by RhoA-associated kinase (ROCK)	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-152111 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:184367

Rock2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516658

D17S1239 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:149852

SHGC-33406 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:78175

RH75524 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:89456

WI-11377 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:46218

D2S168 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:32432

ROCK2_815 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277687

D2S1805 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:25273

Homology

Homologs of the ROCK2 gene: The ROCK2 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, zebrafish, fruit fly, mosquito, C.elegans, and frog.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 421 organisms have orthologs with human gene ROCK2
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA binding	HDA more info	PubMed
enables Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein serine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables small GTPase binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables structural molecule activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables tau protein binding	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables tau-protein kinase activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in Rho protein signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in actomyosin structure organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in aortic valve morphogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in blood vessel diameter maintenance	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cellular response to acetylcholine	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cellular response to testosterone stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in centrosome duplication	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cortical actin cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in cortical actin cytoskeleton organization	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in cortical actin cytoskeleton organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in embryonic morphogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in epithelial to mesenchymal transition	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in mRNA destabilization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in mitotic cytokinesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of angiogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of biomineral tissue development	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein localization to lysosome	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of centrosome duplication	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of connective tissue growth factor production	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of connective tissue replacement	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to early endosome	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of stress fiber assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein localization to plasma membrane	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in protein localization to plasma membrane	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein phosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of cell adhesion	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell junction assembly	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell motility	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cellular response to hypoxia	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of circadian rhythm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of establishment of cell polarity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of focal adhesion assembly	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of keratinocyte differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of nervous system process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of protein metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of stress fiber assembly	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in response to angiotensin	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to ischemia	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to transforming growth factor beta	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in rhythmic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in smooth muscle contraction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in viral RNA genome replication	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in centrosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in centrosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoskeleton	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: rho-associated protein kinase 2

Names: p164 ROCK-2; rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase II

NP_001308572.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_004841.2

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_005246247.1

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_011508719.1

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_016860867.1

EC 2.7.11.1

XP_016860868.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_029769.1 RefSeqGene

Range

4950..169827

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001321643.2 → NP_001308572.1 rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AB014519, AC018463, AC099344, AL049383, BC111801

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O75116

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q14DU5

Related

ENSP00000385509.1, ENST00000401753.5

Conserved Domains (7) summary

cd11638
Location:419 → 485

HR1_ROCK2; Protein kinase C-related kinase homology region 1 (HR1) Rho-binding domain of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2

smart00220
Location:6 → 268

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

COG1196
Location:350 → 1015

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00029
Location:1175 → 1221

C1; Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) . Cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Some members of this domain family bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, some are reported to bind RasGTP. May occur in tandem arrangement. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second ...

cd01242
Location:1065 → 1171

PH_ROCK; Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase pleckstrin homology (PH) domain

cd05596
Location:1 → 330

STKc_ROCK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase

pfam08912
Location:893 → 960

Rho_Binding; Rho Binding
NM_004850.5 → NP_004841.2 rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004841.2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AB014519, AC018463, AC099344, AL049383, BC111801

Consensus CDS

CCDS42654.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O75116

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q14DU5

Related

ENSP00000317985.6, ENST00000315872.11

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd11638
Location:505 → 571

HR1_ROCK2; Protein kinase C-related kinase homology region 1 (HR1) Rho-binding domain of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2

cd00029
Location:1261 → 1307

C1; Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) . Cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Some members of this domain family bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, some are reported to bind RasGTP. May occur in tandem arrangement. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second ...

cd01242
Location:1151 → 1257

PH_ROCK; Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase pleckstrin homology (PH) domain

cd05621
Location:39 → 417

STKc_ROCK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2

cl25732
Location:436 → 1101

SMC_N; RecF/RecN/SMC N terminal domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Homo sapiens Updated Annotation Release 109.20211119

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p13 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p13 Primary Assembly

Range

11179759..11345437 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_005246190.3 → XP_005246247.1 rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1

Conserved Domains (7) summary

pfam05483
Location:412 → 1080

SCP-1; Synaptonemal complex protein 1 (SCP-1)

cd11638
Location:505 → 571

HR1_ROCK2; Protein kinase C-related kinase homology region 1 (HR1) Rho-binding domain of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2

smart00220
Location:92 → 354

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd00029
Location:1261 → 1307

C1; Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) . Cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Some members of this domain family bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, some are reported to bind RasGTP. May occur in tandem arrangement. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second ...

cd01242
Location:1151 → 1257

PH_ROCK; Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase pleckstrin homology (PH) domain

cd05621
Location:39 → 417

STKc_ROCK2; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2

pfam08912
Location:979 → 1046

Rho_Binding; Rho Binding
XM_017005379.2 → XP_016860868.1 rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X3

Conserved Domains (7) summary

cd11638
Location:419 → 485

HR1_ROCK2; Protein kinase C-related kinase homology region 1 (HR1) Rho-binding domain of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2

smart00220
Location:6 → 268

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

COG1196
Location:350 → 1015

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00029
Location:1175 → 1221

C1; Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) . Cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Some members of this domain family bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, some are reported to bind RasGTP. May occur in tandem arrangement. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second ...

cd01242
Location:1065 → 1171

PH_ROCK; Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase pleckstrin homology (PH) domain

cd05596
Location:1 → 330

STKc_ROCK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase

pfam08912
Location:893 → 960

Rho_Binding; Rho Binding
XM_011510417.2 → XP_011508719.1 rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X3

Conserved Domains (7) summary

cd11638
Location:419 → 485

HR1_ROCK2; Protein kinase C-related kinase homology region 1 (HR1) Rho-binding domain of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2

smart00220
Location:6 → 268

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

COG1196
Location:350 → 1015

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00029
Location:1175 → 1221

C1; Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) . Cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Some members of this domain family bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, some are reported to bind RasGTP. May occur in tandem arrangement. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second ...

cd01242
Location:1065 → 1171

PH_ROCK; Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase pleckstrin homology (PH) domain

cd05596
Location:1 → 330

STKc_ROCK; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase

pfam08912
Location:893 → 960

Rho_Binding; Rho Binding
XM_017005378.2 → XP_016860867.1 rho-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X2