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PTGER4 prostaglandin E receptor 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5734, updated on 25-Nov-2025
Official Symbol
PTGER4provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
prostaglandin E receptor 4provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9596
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000171522 MIM:601586; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9596
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
EP4; EP4R
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family. This protein is one of four receptors identified for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This receptor can activate T-cell factor signaling. It has been shown to mediate PGE2 induced expression of early growth response 1 (EGR1), regulate the level and stability of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA, and lead to the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this receptor may be involved in the neonatal adaptation of circulatory system, osteoporosis, as well as initiation of skin immune responses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Broad expression in bone marrow (RPKM 30.5), colon (RPKM 12.1) and 18 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
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Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
See PTGER4 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
5p13.1
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (40679915..40746800)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (40936331..41003197)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (40680017..40693837)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105374737 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA SNORA63 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15982 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:40681035-40681562 Neighboring gene tetratricopeptide repeat domain 33 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22503 Neighboring gene PRKAA1 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 Neighboring gene HNF1 motif-containing MPRA enhancer 12 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA SNORA57

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Enhanced EP4 Expression in a Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm With Dissection in a Patient With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Akagi S, et al. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging, 2017 Feb. PMID 28108433
  2. Study of chromosomal region 5p13.1 in Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Perdigones N, et al. Hum Immunol, 2010 Aug. PMID 20561984
  3. Sequestration and phosphorylation of the prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor: dependence on the C-terminal tail. Slipetz D, et al. Biochem Pharmacol, 2001 Oct 15. PMID 11597569
  4. The structure of the prostaglandin EP4 receptor gene and related pseudogenes. Foord SM, et al. Genomics, 1996 Jul 1. PMID 8661119
  5. The prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 is integral to a positive feedback loop for prostaglandin E2 production in human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nishimura T, et al. FASEB J, 2013 Sep. PMID 23759445, Free PMC Article

See all (203) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Pharmacological evidence that the inhibitory effects of prostaglandin E2 are mediated by the EP2 and EP4 receptors in human neutrophils.
    Title: Pharmacological evidence that the inhibitory effects of prostaglandin E2 are mediated by the EP2 and EP4 receptors in human neutrophils.
  2. Association between vertebral endplate defects and patient-reported symptoms: an immunohistochemical study investigating the COX-2/PGE-2/EP-4 axis.
    Title: Association between vertebral endplate defects and patient-reported symptoms: an immunohistochemical study investigating the COX-2/PGE-2/EP-4 axis.
  3. EP4-induced mitochondrial localization and cell migration mediated by CALML6 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma.
    Title: EP4-induced mitochondrial localization and cell migration mediated by CALML6 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  4. Complementary roles of EP2 and EP4 receptors in malignant glioma.
    Title: Complementary roles of EP2 and EP4 receptors in malignant glioma.
  5. Association of PTGER4 and PRKAA1 genetic polymorphisms with gastric cancer.
    Title: Association of PTGER4 and PRKAA1 genetic polymorphisms with gastric cancer.
  6. The Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP4 Promotes Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia through Translational Control of Tenascin C via the cAPM/PKA/mTORC1/rpS6 Pathway.
    Title: The Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP4 Promotes Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia through Translational Control of Tenascin C via the cAPM/PKA/mTORC1/rpS6 Pathway.
  7. PARP14 regulates EP4 receptor expression in human colon cancer HCA-7 cells.
    Title: PARP14 regulates EP4 receptor expression in human colon cancer HCA-7 cells.
  8. Nanomolar EP4 receptor potency and expression of eicosanoid-related enzymes in normal appearing colonic mucosa from patients with colorectal neoplasia.
    Title: Nanomolar EP4 receptor potency and expression of eicosanoid-related enzymes in normal appearing colonic mucosa from patients with colorectal neoplasia.
  9. Single-Cell Analysis Reveals EP4 as a Target for Restoring T-Cell Infiltration and Sensitizing Prostate Cancer to Immunotherapy.
    Title: Single-Cell Analysis Reveals EP4 as a Target for Restoring T-Cell Infiltration and Sensitizing Prostate Cancer to Immunotherapy.
  10. CD147 receptor is essential for TFF3-mediated signaling regulating colorectal cancer progression.
    Title: CD147 receptor is essential for TFF3-mediated signaling regulating colorectal cancer progression.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (149)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association meta-analysis of self-reported allergy identifies shared and allergy-specific susceptibility loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for non-cardia gastric cancer at 3q13.31 and 5p13.1.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A genome-wide association study on a southern European population identifies a new Crohn's disease susceptibility locus at RBX1-EP300.
EBI GWAS Catalog
A genome-wide scan of Ashkenazi Jewish Crohn's disease suggests novel susceptibility loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association defines more than 30 distinct susceptibility loci for Crohn's disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study of multiple sclerosis confirms a novel locus at 5p13.1.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide meta-analysis increases to 71 the number of confirmed Crohn's disease susceptibility loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Interaction between ERAP1 and HLA-B27 in ankylosing spondylitis implicates peptide handling in the mechanism for HLA-B27 in disease susceptibility.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Meta-analysis of genome scans and replication identify CD6, IRF8 and TNFRSF1A as new multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Systematic association mapping identifies NELL1 as a novel IBD disease gene.
EBI GWAS Catalog

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
capsid gag Prostaglandin E2 downregulates HIV-1 CA/p24 production through the EP2 and EP4 receptors PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC126583

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables prostaglandin E receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables prostaglandin E receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables prostaglandin E receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables prostaglandin receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in ERK1 and ERK2 cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in JNK cascade ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in T-helper cell differentiation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in bone development ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in cellular response to mechanical stimulus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in immune response IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in inflammatory response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of cytokine production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of eosinophil extravasation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of integrin activation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in regulation of stress fiber assembly ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in response to lipid IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in response to mechanical stimulus IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to prostaglandin E IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in membrane NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
is_active_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
Preferred Names
prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype
Names
PGE receptor, EP4 subtype
PGE2 receptor EP4 subtype
prostaglandin E receptor 4 (subtype EP4)
prostanoid EP4 receptor

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_047000.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5418..19238
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000958.3 → NP_000949.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000949.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC093264, BC027934, BM312677, BQ029720, CD000197, L28175
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3930.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P35408, Q3MJ87
    Related
    ENSP00000302846.3, ENST00000302472.4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15142
    Location:18 → 341
    7tmA_PGE2_EP4; prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    40679915..40746800
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017009659.3 → XP_016865148.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X3

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam00001
    Location:34 → 222
    7tm_1; 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
    cl21561
    Location:29 → 216
    7tm_4; Olfactory receptor

  2. XM_047417415.1 → XP_047273371.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X3

  3. XM_047417413.1 → XP_047273369.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X1

  4. XM_047417414.1 → XP_047273370.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X2

  5. XM_047417416.1 → XP_047273372.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X4

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    40936331..41003197
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054352960.1 → XP_054208935.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X3

  2. XM_054352961.1 → XP_054208936.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X3

  3. XM_054352958.1 → XP_054208933.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X1

  4. XM_054352959.1 → XP_054208934.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X2

  5. XM_054352962.1 → XP_054208937.1  prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype isoform X4

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P35408.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P35408

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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