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PRKX protein kinase cAMP-dependent X-linked catalytic subunit [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5613, updated on 6-Jul-2026
Official Symbol
PRKXprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
protein kinase cAMP-dependent X-linked catalytic subunitprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9441
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000183943 MIM:300083; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9441
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PKX1
Summary
This gene encodes a serine threonine protein kinase that has similarity to the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP dependent protein kinases. The encoded protein is developmentally regulated and may be involved in renal epithelial morphogenesis. This protein may also be involved in macrophage and granulocyte maturation. Abnormal recombination between this gene and a related pseudogene on chromosome Y is a frequent cause of sex reversal disorder in XX males and XY females. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes X, 15 and Y. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]
Expression
Broad expression in thyroid (RPKM 22.9), kidney (RPKM 7.3) and 20 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
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Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
See PRKX in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
Xp22.33
Exon count:
9
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) X NC_000023.11 (3604340..3713649, complement)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) X NC_060947.1 (3218669..3333048, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) X NC_000023.10 (3522381..3631690, complement)

Chromosome X - NC_000023.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 48B Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:3470673-3471624 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 114, pseudogene Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:3509707-3510638 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 146, pseudogene Neighboring gene PRKX antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 13686 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29374 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:3620023-3620624 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:3629037-3629558 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29375 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29376 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20640 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20641 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20642 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chrX:3632955-3633602 Neighboring gene RPS27A pseudogene 20 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chrX:3650386-3651585 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20643 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20644 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 29377 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20645 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20646 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 20647 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900487 Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 839 pseudogene

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. PRKX, a phylogenetically and functionally distinct cAMP-dependent protein kinase, activates renal epithelial cell migration and morphogenesis. Li X, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2002 Jul 9. PMID 12082174, Free PMC Article
  2. Gene conversion between the X chromosome and the male-specific region of the Y chromosome at a translocation hotspot. Rosser ZH, et al. Am J Hum Genet, 2009 Jul. PMID 19576564, Free PMC Article
  3. PRKX, a Novel cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Member, Plays an Important Role in Development. Huang S, et al. J Cell Biochem, 2016 Mar. PMID 26252946
  4. The human protein kinase gene PKX1 on Xp22.3 displays Xp/Yp homology and is a site of chromosomal instability. Klink A, et al. Hum Mol Genet, 1995 May. PMID 7633447
  5. Abnormal XY interchange between a novel isolated protein kinase gene, PRKY, and its homologue, PRKX, accounts for one third of all (Y+)XX males and (Y-)XY females. Schiebel K, et al. Hum Mol Genet, 1997 Oct. PMID 9302280

See all (30) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. PRKX, WNT3 and WNT16 genes, belonging to the WNT signaling pathway, are involved in the tumorigenic process of nodular basal cell carcinoma
    Title: Altered Expression of PRKX, WNT3 and WNT16 in Human Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma.
  2. The characteristics and developmental functions of PRKX. [review]
    Title: PRKX, a Novel cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Member, Plays an Important Role in Development.
  3. findings reveals a major role of PRKX, TTBK2 and RSK4 in triggering Sunitinib resistance formation; data suggest transcriptional regulation of these kinases together with other proteins might play an important role in formation of Sunitinib resistance by affecting transcription factors
    Title: PRKX, TTBK2 and RSK4 expression causes Sunitinib resistance in kidney carcinoma- and melanoma-cell lines.
  4. MBD 4--a potential substrate for protein kinase X
    Title: MBD 4--a potential substrate for protein kinase X.
  5. The interaction of PRKX with Pin-1, Magi-1 and Bag-3 could contribute to the stimulating role of PRKX in angiogenesis.
    Title: PRKX critically regulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and vascular-like structure formation.
  6. PRKX can restore normal function to PKD1-deficient kidneys and have implications for the development of preventative therapy for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
    Title: Protein kinase X (PRKX) can rescue the effects of polycystic kidney disease-1 gene (PKD1) deficiency.
  7. PRKX kinase may regulate epithelial morphogenesis during mammalian kidney development.
    Title: PRKX, a phylogenetically and functionally distinct cAMP-dependent protein kinase, activates renal epithelial cell migration and morphogenesis.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
Knockdown of protein kinase, X-linked (PRKX) by siRNA inhibits HIV-1 replication in HeLa-derived TZM-bl cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in angiogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in angiogenesis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell adhesion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in cell adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cell adhesion IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell-substrate adhesion IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in endothelial cell migration IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in endothelial cell proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in endothelial cell proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in epithelial tube morphogenesis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in kidney morphogenesis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in myeloid cell differentiation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein autophosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell adhesion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell migration IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in cytosol IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Preferred Names
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit PRKX
Names
protein kinase PKX1
protein kinase X
protein kinase X-linked
serine/threonine-protein kinase PRKX
NP_005035.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_016716.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    4986..114295
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_005044.5 → NP_005035.1  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit PRKX

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005035.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007685, BC041073, BE675757, DN997580
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS14125.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P51817
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0ACI8SHK7
    Related
    ENSP00000262848.5, ENST00000262848.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PTZ00263
    Location:39 → 358
    PTZ00263; protein kinase A catalytic subunit; Provisional
    cd05612
    Location:47 → 338
    STKc_PRKX_like; Catalytic domain of PRKX-like Protein Serine/Threonine Kinases

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000023.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    3604340..3713649 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060947.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    3218669..3333048 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P51817.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P51817

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