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EXT1 exostosin glycosyltransferase 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 2131, updated on 11-Jun-2025
Official Symbol
EXT1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
exostosin glycosyltransferase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:3512
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000182197 MIM:608177; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3512
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
EXT; LGS; TTV; LGCR; TRPS2
Summary
This gene encodes an endoplasmic reticulum-resident type II transmembrane glycosyltransferase involved in the chain elongation step of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type I form of multiple exostoses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in duodenum (RPKM 18.7), small intestine (RPKM 16.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table
See EXT1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
8q24.11
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 8 NC_000008.11 (117794490..118111826, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 8 NC_060932.1 (118922893..119240285, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 8 NC_000008.10 (118806729..119124065, complement)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375721 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986970 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:118824531-118825096 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14285 Neighboring gene EXT1 intron enhancer-blocking element 8-1-1 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:118943047-118943604 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:118946090-118946796 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:118946797-118947502 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:118969244-118969744 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8624 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19476 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19477 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 168 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27835 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119030582-119031781 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119061597-119062098 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119062099-119062598 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9283 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119086733-119087246 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119087442-119087942 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119087943-119088443 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27836 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119115463-119116215 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19478 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19479 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7200 Neighboring gene sterile alpha motif domain containing 12 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375724 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119451504-119452703 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19480 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27837 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119547949-119548448 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27838 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27839 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27840 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 19481 Neighboring gene SAMD12 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:119706863-119707363

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Chondrosarcoma
MedGen: C0008479 OMIM: 215300 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs
Exostoses, multiple, type 1 Compare labs

Copy number response

Description
Copy number response
Triplosensitivity

No evidence available (Last evaluated 2020-06-17)

ClinGen Genome Curation Page
Haploinsufficency

Sufficient evidence for dosage pathogenicity (Last evaluated 2020-06-17)

ClinGen Genome Curation PagePubMed

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Identification of 15 loci influencing height in a Korean population.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
contributes_to glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables glucuronosyltransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables glycosyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables heparan sulfate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein heterodimerization activity IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables transferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within BMP signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within antigen processing and presentation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within axon guidance IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within basement membrane organization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within blood vessel remodeling IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within bone growth IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within bone morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within bone resorption IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within brain development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within canonical Wnt signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cartilage development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell adhesion mediated by integrin IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell fate commitment IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect cell morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell population proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect cell surface receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to BMP stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to virus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within chondrocyte differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within chondrocyte hypertrophy IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within chondrocyte proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within collagen fibril organization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cranial skeletal system development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within dendrite self-avoidance IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within dendritic cell migration IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within developmental growth involved in morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect embryonic morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within embryonic skeletal joint development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within endochondral bone growth IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within endochondral bone morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within endochondral ossification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within endoderm development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelium development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within fear response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within fluid transport IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within gastrulation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within gene expression IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within glandular epithelial cell differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within glomerular basement membrane development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within hair cycle process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within hair follicle morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within heart contraction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within heart field specification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within hematopoietic stem cell differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within hematopoietic stem cell migration to bone marrow IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect heparin proteoglycan biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within heparin proteoglycan metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within hypersensitivity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within leukocyte tethering or rolling IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within limb joint morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within lymphocyte adhesion to endothelial cell of high endothelial venule IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in bone development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within mesenchyme development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within mesoderm development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within motor behavior IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism growth IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organismal-level water homeostasis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within neural crest cell differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within neuron projection development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within olfactory bulb development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within optic nerve development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in ossification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in ossification IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within ossification involved in bone maturation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within perichondral bone morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect podocyte differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in polysaccharide biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in protein glycosylation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein-containing complex assembly IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within proteoglycan biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of blood pressure IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to growth factor IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to heparin IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to leukemia inhibitory factor IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to light intensity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to virus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within sebaceous gland development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within smoothened signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within smoothened signaling pathway involved in lung development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within social behavior IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within sodium ion homeostasis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within stem cell division IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within stomach development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within_negative_effect sulfation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within sweat gland development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within synaptic transmission, glutamatergic IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within tight junction organization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within vacuole organization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within vasodilation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within vocalization behavior IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within wound healing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in Golgi apparatus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
is_active_in Golgi apparatus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in Golgi apparatus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in Golgi apparatus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in Golgi apparatus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in Golgi membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in Golgi membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
part_of catalytic complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in organelle membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Preferred Names
exostosin-1
Names
Glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N- acetylglucosaminyltransferase
Langer-Giedion syndrome chromosome region
N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase
exostoses (multiple) 1
glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan/N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
heparan sulfate co-polymerase subunit EXT1
multiple exostoses protein 1
putative tumor suppressor protein EXT1
NP_000118.2

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_007455.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..317457
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_493

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000127.3NP_000118.2  exostosin-1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000118.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC113188, AP003476, BC001174
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6324.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R7V2, Q16394, Q9BVI9
    Related
    ENSP00000367446.3, ENST00000378204.7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam03016
    Location:110396
    Exostosin; Exostosin family
    pfam09258
    Location:480725
    Glyco_transf_64; Glycosyl transferase family 64 domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000008.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    117794490..118111826 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060932.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    118922893..119240285 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)