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CD38 CD38 molecule [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 952, updated on 18-Sep-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
CD38provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
CD38 moleculeprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:1667
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000004468 MIM:107270; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1667
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ADPRC1; cADPR1; ADPRC 1
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a non-lineage-restricted, type II transmembrane glycoprotein that synthesizes and hydrolyzes cyclic adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribose, an intracellular calcium ion mobilizing messenger. The release of soluble protein and the ability of membrane-bound protein to become internalized indicate both extracellular and intracellular functions for the protein. This protein has an N-terminal cytoplasmic tail, a single membrane-spanning domain, and a C-terminal extracellular region with four N-glycosylation sites. Crystal structure analysis demonstrates that the functional molecule is a dimer, with the central portion containing the catalytic site. It is used as a prognostic marker for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Expression
Broad expression in lymph node (RPKM 11.2), brain (RPKM 10.3) and 17 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See CD38 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4p15.32
Exon count:
8
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (15778328..15853232)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (15760485..15834815)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (15779951..15854855)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986186 Neighboring gene PFDN1 pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21344 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:15775252-15776451 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:15779736-15780378 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15301 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15302 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:15793453-15794134 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:15813935-15814654 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr4:15854353-15854546 Neighboring gene hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr4:15911215-15911375 Neighboring gene fibroblast growth factor binding protein 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
HIV-1 upregulates CD38 on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes as observed in clinical samples collected from HIV-1 infected patients PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 upregulates the expression of CD38 (ADPRC1) in human B cells PubMed
env HIV-1 gp120-treated plasmacytoid dendritic cells show a reduced capacity to stimulate B cell growth and differentiation through downregulation of CD20 and CD38 PubMed
env HIV-1 gp120 induces CD4 association with lymphocyte surface molecules CD3, CD11a, CD27, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD45RO, CD49d, CD38, CD26, CD59, CD95 and class I MHC molecules PubMed
env Treatment of CD4+ T cells with HIV-1 gp120 significantly increases CD4 association with CD3, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD59, CD38, CD26 and HLA class I, and decreases that with CD45RC PubMed
env CD38 expression blocks lymphocyte susceptibility to HIV-1 infection by inhibiting HIV-1 gp120/CD4-dependent viral binding to target cells PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp140 upregulates the expression of the B cell activation marker CD38 and the memory B cell marker CD27 PubMed
Pr55(Gag) gag Depletion of HIV-specific CD8(+)/IL-10(+) cells from PBMCs leads to upregulation of CD38 on CD14(+) monocytes together with increased IL-6 production in response to HIV-1 gag stimulation PubMed
Tat tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of CD38 in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat is strongly associated with CD38 in HIV-1-infected lymphocytic cells PubMed
tat Downregulation of CD38 expression is observed on CD8+ T cells from subjects immunized with HIV-1 Tat PubMed
capsid gag HIV-1 CA is strongly associated with CD38 in HIV-1-infected lymphocytic cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables NAD+ nucleosidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
enables identical protein binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables transferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in B cell proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in B cell receptor signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in NAD metabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in apoptotic signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in artery smooth muscle contraction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in female pregnancy IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in long-term synaptic depression IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of bone resorption IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of neuron projection development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of B cell proliferation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of B cell proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cell growth IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of vasoconstriction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to estradiol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to hydroperoxide IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to hypoxia IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to interleukin-1 IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to progesterone IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to retinoic acid IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in basolateral plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in cell surface IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
located_in nuclear membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1
Names
2'-phospho-ADP-ribosyl cyclase
2'-phospho-cyclic-ADP-ribose transferase
ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1
CD38 antigen (p45)
NAD(+) nucleosidase
cluster of differentiation 38
cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1
ecto-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide glycohydrolase
NP_001766.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001775.4NP_001766.2  ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001766.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC005798, AK303169, BC007964
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3417.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O00121, O00122, P28907, Q96HY4
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R880
    Related
    ENSP00000226279.2, ENST00000226279.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02267
    Location:56284
    Rib_hydrolayse; ADP-ribosyl cyclase

RNA

  1. NR_132660.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate, internal exon compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC005798, AK303169, D84277

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    15778328..15853232
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    15760485..15834815
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)