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UBB ubiquitin B [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 7314, updated on 5-Aug-2026
Official Symbol
UBBprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
ubiquitin Bprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:12463
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000170315 MIM:191339; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12463
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
HEL-S-50
Summary
This gene encodes ubiquitin, one of the most conserved proteins known. Ubiquitin has a major role in targeting cellular proteins for degradation by the 26S proteosome. It is also involved in the maintenance of chromatin structure, the regulation of gene expression, and the stress response. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a precursor protein consisting of either polyubiquitin chains or a single ubiquitin moiety fused to an unrelated protein. This gene consists of three direct repeats of the ubiquitin coding sequence with no spacer sequence. Consequently, the protein is expressed as a polyubiquitin precursor with a final amino acid after the last repeat. An aberrant form of this protein has been detected in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on chromosomes 1, 2, 13, and 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in liver (RPKM 498.1), testis (RPKM 495.1) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
Try the new Gene page
Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
See UBB in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
17p11.2
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (16380779..16382745)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (16283097..16285063)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (16284093..16286059)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene centromere protein V Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8217 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8218 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8219 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903937 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11755 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:16290707-16291296 Neighboring gene ferritin light chain pseudogene 12 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr17.878 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11756 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8220 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8221 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8222 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8223 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11757 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11758 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904150

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Dose-dependent inhibition of proteasome activity by a mutant ubiquitin associated with neurodegenerative disease. van Tijn P, et al. J Cell Sci, 2007 May 1. PMID 17405812
  2. Molecular misreading of the ubiquitin B gene and hepatic mallory body formation. McPhaul LW, et al. Gastroenterology, 2002 Jun. PMID 12055595
  3. The temporal localization of frame-shift ubiquitin-B and amyloid precursor protein, and complement proteins in the brain of non-demented control patients with increasing Alzheimer's disease pathology. Konishi Y, et al. Neurosci Lett, 2003 Sep 4. PMID 12893422
  4. Disease-specific accumulation of mutant ubiquitin as a marker for proteasomal dysfunction in the brain. Fischer DF, et al. FASEB J, 2003 Nov. PMID 14597671
  5. Failure in heat-shock protein expression in response to UBB+1 protein in progressive supranuclear palsy in humans. Hope AD, et al. Neurosci Lett, 2004 Apr 8. PMID 15050720

See all (354) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Downregulation of UBB potentiates SP1/VEGFA-dependent angiogenesis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
    Title: Downregulation of UBB potentiates SP1/VEGFA-dependent angiogenesis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
  2. UBB(+1) reduces amyloid-beta cytotoxicity by activation of autophagy in yeast.
    Title: UBB(+1) reduces amyloid-β cytotoxicity by activation of autophagy in yeast.
  3. Bioinformatics analysis of mRNA and miRNA microarray to identify the key miRNA-mRNA pairs in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer.
    Title: Bioinformatics analysis of mRNA and miRNA microarray to identify the key miRNA-mRNA pairs in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer.
  4. High Expression of UBB, RAC1, and ITGB1 Predicts Worse Prognosis among Nonsmoking Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma through Bioinformatics Analysis.
    Title: High Expression of UBB, RAC1, and ITGB1 Predicts Worse Prognosis among Nonsmoking Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma through Bioinformatics Analysis.
  5. The Ubiquitin Gene Expression Pattern and Sensitivity to UBB and UBC Knockdown Differentiate Primary 23132/87 and Metastatic MKN45 Gastric Cancer Cells.
    Title: The Ubiquitin Gene Expression Pattern and Sensitivity to UBB and UBC Knockdown Differentiate Primary 23132/87 and Metastatic MKN45 Gastric Cancer Cells.
  6. Simultaneous Disruption of Both Polyubiquitin Genes Affects Proteasome Function and Decreases Cellular Proliferation.
    Title: Simultaneous Disruption of Both Polyubiquitin Genes Affects Proteasome Function and Decreases Cellular Proliferation.
  7. The Molecular Misreading of APP and UBB Induces a Humoral Immune Response in Alzheimer's Disease Patients with Diagnostic Ability.
    Title: The Molecular Misreading of APP and UBB Induces a Humoral Immune Response in Alzheimer's Disease Patients with Diagnostic Ability.
  8. this study shows that molecular mimicry of human ubiquitin by Bacteroides fragilis ubiquitin could be a trigger for autoimmune disease.
    Title: Antigenic mimicry of ubiquitin by the gut bacterium Bacteroides fragilis: a potential link with autoimmune disease.
  9. Recurrent ubiquitin B silencing in gynecological cancers establishes dependence on ubiquitin C.
    Title: Recurrent ubiquitin B silencing in gynecological cancers establishes dependence on ubiquitin C.
  10. This study demonstrated that the Deposition of mutant ubiquitin in parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam.
    Title: Deposition of mutant ubiquitin in parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (33)

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160 interacts with UBB PubMed
Rev rev HIV-1 Rev is modified by polyubiquitination at Lys-33 and Lys-115; Lys-33 is the most efficient residue for branching of ubiquitin chains PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat is ubiquitinated on Lys71 by Hdm2 in conjunction with ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 1 (UbcH5) PubMed
Vif vif HIV-1 Vif-induced G2 accumulation requires a Cul5-based E3 ligase, but is independent of APOBEC3D/E, F, and G expression. Overexpression of ubiquitin(K48R) abolishes Vif-induced G2 accumulation PubMed
Vpr vpr A di-Ub(K48)-hHR23A-Vpr ternary complex is formed with Lys-48-linked di-ubiquitin binding to the UBA1 domain in the Vpr-hHR23A complex PubMed
vpr The C-terminal domain or the R90 residue of HIV-1 Vpr are important for Vpr-mediated IL-12 degradation via ubiquitin-dependent pathway PubMed
capsid gag Monoubiquitinated forms of the HIV-1 matrix (MA), capsid (CA), and nucleocapsid (NC) proteins are detected in mature virus particles PubMed
matrix gag Monoubiquitinated forms of the HIV-1 matrix (MA), capsid (CA), and nucleocapsid (NC) proteins are detected in mature virus particles PubMed
nucleocapsid gag Monoubiquitinated forms of the HIV-1 matrix (MA), capsid (CA), and nucleocapsid (NC) proteins are detected in mature virus particles PubMed
p1 gag HIV-1 p1 is mono- or di-ubiquitinated at levels comparable to those of the other HIV-2 Gag domains MA, CA, NC, and p6; cumulative replacement of all lysine residues in NC and p1 or in NC and p6 results in an accumulation of late budding structures PubMed
p6 gag HIV-1 Gag PTAP mutant impairs the entry of Gag into the ESCRT pathway and leads to increased ubiquitination of Gag PubMed
gag Ubiquitination of HIV-1 p6-Gag may be important for proper virus release from cells PubMed
gag The L domain (P(T/S)APP; amino acids 7-11) of HIV-1 p6-Gag interacts with a ubiquitin ligase complex resulting in the monoubiquitination of p6 PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC8385, FLJ25987

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein tag activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables pyridoxal phosphate binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables structural constituent of ribosome IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within mitochondrion transport along microtubule IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in modification-dependent protein catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within neuron projection morphogenesis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein monoubiquitination IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein ubiquitination IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein homotetramerization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in protein ubiquitination IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of neuron apoptotic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in cytosolic ribosome IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in endocytic vesicle membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in endosome membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in extracellular region HDA PubMed 
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
 PubMed 
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in neuron projection IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in neuronal cell body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nucleus HDA PubMed 
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in vesicle HDA PubMed 
Preferred Names
polyubiquitin-B
Names
epididymis secretory protein Li 50
polyubiquitin B

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_023320.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5039..6688
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001281716.2 → NP_001268645.1  polyubiquitin-B precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001268645.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC093484, BM662083, BT020104, HY014043
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11177.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0CG47
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5U5U6, Q9UFQ0
    Related
    ENSP00000772402.1, ENST00001102596.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01803
    Location:77 → 152
    Ubl_ubiquitin; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin

  2. NM_001281717.1 → NP_001268646.1  polyubiquitin-B precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001268646.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC093484, BM662083, BT020104, DB480830
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11177.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0CG47
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5U5U6, Q9UFQ0
    Related
    ENSP00000478771.1, ENST00000614404.2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01803
    Location:77 → 152
    Ubl_ubiquitin; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin

  3. NM_001281718.1 → NP_001268647.1  polyubiquitin-B precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001268647.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    BG718912, BM662083, BT020104, BU596366
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11177.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0CG47
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5U5U6, Q9UFQ0
    Related
    ENSP00000379178.1, ENST00000395837.2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01803
    Location:77 → 152
    Ubl_ubiquitin; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin

  4. NM_001281719.1 → NP_001268648.1  polyubiquitin-B precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001268648.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    BG548604, BM554254, BM662083
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11177.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0CG47
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5U5U6, Q9UFQ0
    Related
    ENSP00000379180.1, ENST00000395839.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01803
    Location:77 → 152
    Ubl_ubiquitin; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin

  5. NM_001281720.2 → NP_001268649.1  polyubiquitin-B precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001268649.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC093484, BM662083, BT020104, BU661443
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11177.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0CG47
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5U5U6, Q9UFQ0
    Related
    ENSP00000549866.1, ENST00000879807.2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01803
    Location:77 → 152
    Ubl_ubiquitin; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin

  6. NM_018955.4 → NP_061828.1  polyubiquitin-B precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_061828.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. Variants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    BC038999, BP307496
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11177.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P0CG47
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5U5U6, Q9UFQ0
    Related
    ENSP00000304697.3, ENST00000302182.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01803
    Location:77 → 152
    Ubl_ubiquitin; ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in ubiquitin

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    16380779..16382745
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    16283097..16285063
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P0CG47.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P0CG47

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
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