U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

PSME1 proteasome activator subunit 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5720, updated on 19-Sep-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
PSME1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
proteasome activator subunit 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9568
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000092010 MIM:600654; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9568
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PA28A; IFI5111; REGalpha; PA28alpha; HEL-S-129m
Summary
The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. The immunoproteasome contains an alternate regulator, referred to as the 11S regulator or PA28, that replaces the 19S regulator. Three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the 11S regulator have been identified. This gene encodes the alpha subunit of the 11S regulator, one of the two 11S subunits that is induced by gamma-interferon. Three alpha and three beta subunits combine to form a heterohexameric ring. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 102.3), spleen (RPKM 98.9) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

See PSME1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
14q12
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (24136194..24138962)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (18334505..18337273)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (24605403..24608171)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene neural retina leucine zipper Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:24583239-24583954 Neighboring gene DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 11 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5623 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5624 Neighboring gene fat storage inducing transmembrane protein 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5625 Neighboring gene ER membrane protein complex subunit 9 Neighboring gene microRNA 7703 Neighboring gene proteasome activator subunit 2

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat slightly enhances the activity of the purified 26 S proteasome PubMed
tat Amino acids Lys51, Arg52, and Asp67 of HIV-1 Tat represent the proteasome binding site of Tat, and Tat amino acids 37-72 are necessary for proteasomal interaction and suppression of 11 S regulator-mediated antigen presentation PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat inhibits the peptidase activity of the 20 S proteasome and interferes with the formation of the 20 S proteasome-11 S regulator complex PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat binds to the alpha2, alpha4, alpha6, alpha7, beta1, beta2, beta3, beta5, beta6, beta7, LMP7/beta5i, and MECL1/beta2i subunits of the proteasome 20 S core structure and can inhibit cellular proteasome function PubMed
Vif vif HIV-1 Vif binds to the cellular cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G and targets it for degradation through an interaction with the proteasome, thereby inhibiting APOBEC3G mediated restriction of HIV-1 replication PubMed
capsid gag HIV-1 CA downregulates PA28beta and the beta2i subunit of the immunoproteasome complex in a dendritic cell line (JAWS II), whereas in primary dendritic cells, PA28alpha, beta2i, and beta5i are downregulated by CA PubMed
integrase gag-pol Proteasomal degradation of HIV-1 integrase in mammalian cells occurs by the N-end rule pathway PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Clone Names

  • MGC8628, FLJ97098, FLJ98613

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables endopeptidase activator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of endopeptidase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in cytoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
part_of proteasome activator complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
part_of proteasome complex TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
proteasome activator complex subunit 1
Names
11S regulator complex subunit alpha
29-kD MCP activator subunit
IGUP I-5111
activator of multicatalytic protease subunit 1
epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 129m
interferon gamma up-regulated I-5111 protein
interferon-gamma IEF SSP 5111
interferon-gamma-inducible protein 5111
proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 1 (PA28 alpha)

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001281528.2NP_001268457.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 1 isoform 3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3, which has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BJ993879, BM981616, BU192084
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS61415.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHU3
    Related
    ENSP00000453976.1, ENST00000561435.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam02251
    Location:1067
    PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
    pfam02252
    Location:103223
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
  2. NM_001281529.2NP_001268458.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 1 isoform 4

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 4 which is shorter compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI445328, BJ993879, BM470561, BM981616
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHU3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam02251
    Location:1067
    PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
    pfam02252
    Location:106234
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
  3. NM_006263.4NP_006254.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 1 isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BM981616, L07633
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9612.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A6NJG9, H0YNE3, Q06323, Q6IBM2, Q9UEF4
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0K0K1L8, Q6FHU3
    Related
    ENSP00000206451.6, ENST00000206451.11
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam02251
    Location:868
    PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
    pfam02252
    Location:104246
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit
  4. NM_176783.3NP_788955.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 1 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate 3' structure, and thus differs in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) has a distinct and longer C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BJ993879, BM981616, BQ060125, BX248293
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS41930.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FHU3
    Related
    ENSP00000372155.3, ENST00000382708.7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam02251
    Location:1067
    PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
    pfam02252
    Location:106223
    PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    24136194..24138962
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 PATCHES

Genomic

  1. NW_018654722.1 Reference GRCh38.p14 PATCHES

    Range
    437172..439940
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    18334505..18337273
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)