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PLG plasminogen [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5340, updated on 5-Jul-2025
Official Symbol
PLGprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
plasminogenprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9071
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000122194 MIM:173350; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9071
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
HAE4
Summary
The plasminogen protein encoded by this gene is a serine protease that circulates in blood plasma as an inactive zymogen and is converted to the active protease, plasmin, by several plasminogen activators such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), kallikrein, and factor XII (Hageman factor). The conversion of plasminogen to plasmin involves the cleavage of the peptide bond between Arg-561 and Val-562. Plasmin cleavage also releases the angiostatin protein which inhibits angiogenesis. Plasmin degrades many blood plasma proteins, including fibrin-containing blood clots. As a serine protease, plasmin cleaves many products in addition to fibrin such as fibronectin, thrombospondin, laminin, and von Willebrand factor. Plasmin is inactivated by proteins such as alpha-2-macroglobulin and alpha-2-antiplasmin in addition to inhibitors of the various plasminogen activators. Plasminogen also interacts with plasminogen receptors which results in the retention of plasmin on cell surfaces and in plasmin-induced cell signaling. The localization of plasminogen on cell surfaces plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrices, cell migration, inflamation, wound healing, oncogenesis, metastasis, myogenesis, muscle regeneration, neurite outgrowth, and fibrinolysis. This protein may also play a role in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which, in part, is caused by enhanced clot formation and the suppression of fibrinolysis. Compared to other mammals, the cluster of plasminogen-like genes to which this gene belongs has been rearranged in catarrhine primates. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]
Annotation information
Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is relevant for disease process.
Expression
Restricted expression toward liver (RPKM 588.1) See more
Orthologs
NEW
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See PLG in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
6q26
Exon count:
19
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (160702193..160754097)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (162049910..162101977)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (161123225..161175129)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:160907332-160908531 Neighboring gene lipoprotein(a) like 2 (pseudogene) Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17759 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901454 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17760 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17761 Neighboring gene lipoprotein(a) Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161025992-161027191 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161106525-161107079 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17762 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161158745-161159944 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25403 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17763 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17764 Neighboring gene plasminogen-like protein B Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161200290-161200791 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25404 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25405 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25406 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_91154 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161262159-161263358 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC112267969 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161298543-161299475 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161303800-161304432 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6293 silencer Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6294 silencer Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:161309865-161310670 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak6295 silencer Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105378093 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC102724087

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Angioedema, hereditary, 4
MedGen: C5543503 OMIM: 619360 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs
Plasminogen deficiency, type I
MedGen: C1968804 OMIM: 217090 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genetic variants in PLG, LPA and SIGLEC 14 as well as smoking contribute to plasma plasminogen levels.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetic variants, plasma lipoprotein(a) levels, and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among two prospective cohorts of type 2 diabetes.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Linkage and association of successful aging to the 6q25 region in large Amish kindreds.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Clone Names

  • DKFZp779M0222

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables apolipoprotein binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables apolipoprotein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables endopeptidase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables endopeptidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables enzyme binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables hydrolase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables kinase binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables kinase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables peptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables protease binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein antigen binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein domain specific binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein-folding chaperone binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables serine-type peptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables serine-type peptidase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables signaling receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables signaling receptor binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in biological process involved in interaction with symbiont IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in blood coagulation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in blood coagulation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in extracellular matrix disassembly IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in fibrinolysis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in fibrinolysis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in hemostasis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within labyrinthine layer blood vessel development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within mononuclear cell migration IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within muscle cell cellular homeostasis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within myoblast differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of fibrinolysis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of fibrinolysis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in proteolysis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in proteolysis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in proteolysis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in proteolysis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within tissue regeneration IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in tissue remodeling IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in trans-synaptic signaling by BDNF, modulating synaptic transmission IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
acts_upstream_of_or_within trophoblast giant cell differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Preferred Names
plasminogen
Names
plasmin
NP_000292.1
NP_001161810.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_016200.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..56862
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_571

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000301.5NP_000292.1  plasminogen isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000292.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AL109933
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5279.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P00747, Q15146, Q5TEH4, Q6PA00
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R7F8
    Related
    ENSP00000308938.9, ENST00000308192.14
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    smart00020
    Location:580803
    Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease
    smart00130
    Location:101183
    KR; Kringle domain
    cd00190
    Location:581804
    Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...
    cd01099
    Location:3897
    PAN_AP_HGF; Subfamily of PAN/APPLE-like domains; present in N-terminal (N) domains of plasminogen/hepatocyte growth factor proteins, and various proteins found in Bilateria, such as leech anti-platelet proteins. PAN/APPLE domains fulfill diverse biological functions ...
  2. NM_001168338.1NP_001161810.1  plasminogen isoform 2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001161810.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 3' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is shorter at the C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL109933, DR004070
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS55074.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5TEH5
    Related
    ENSP00000355891.2, ENST00000366924.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd01099
    Location:3897
    PAN_AP_HGF; Subfamily of PAN/APPLE-like domains; present in N-terminal (N) domains of plasminogen/hepatocyte growth factor proteins, and various proteins found in Bilateria, such as leech anti-platelet proteins. PAN/APPLE domains fulfill diverse biological functions ...
    cl00100
    Location:102136
    KR; Kringle domain; Kringle domains are believed to play a role in binding mediators, such as peptides, other proteins, membranes, or phospholipids. They are autonomous structural domains, found in a varying number of copies, in blood clotting and ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    160702193..160754097
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    162049910..162101977
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)