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NRG1 neuregulin 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3084, updated on 16-Mar-2021

Summary

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Official Symbol
NRG1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
neuregulin 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:7997
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000157168 MIM:142445
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
GGF; HGL; HRG; NDF; ARIA; GGF2; HRG1; HRGA; SMDF; MST131; MSTP131; NRG1-IT2
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane glycoprotein that mediates cell-cell signaling and plays a critical role in the growth and development of multiple organ systems. An extraordinary variety of different isoforms are produced from this gene through alternative promoter usage and splicing. These isoforms are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and differ significantly in their structure, and are classified as types I, II, III, IV, V and VI. Dysregulation of this gene has been linked to diseases such as cancer, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder (BPD). [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]
Expression
Broad expression in thyroid (RPKM 1.5), urinary bladder (RPKM 1.0) and 19 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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Genomic context

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See NRG1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
8p12
Exon count:
19
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
109.20210226 current GRCh38.p13 (GCF_000001405.39) 8 NC_000008.11 (31639245..32774046)
105.20201022 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 8 NC_000008.10 (31496761..32631564)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105379360 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 261 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7305 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986936 Neighboring gene NRG1 intronic transcript 1 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 262 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 263 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105379361 Neighboring gene NRG1 intronic transcript 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105379362 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 663, pseudogene Neighboring gene MT-ND1 pseudogene 6

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Tumor Microenvironment-Derived NRG1 Promotes Antiandrogen Resistance in Prostate Cancer. Zhang Z, et al. Cancer Cell, 2020 Aug 10. PMID 32679108, Free PMC Article
  2. Heregulin controls ERα and HER2 signaling in mammospheres of ERα-positive breast cancer cells and interferes with the efficacy of molecular targeted therapy. Fukui F, et al. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2020 Jul. PMID 32404282
  3. Epigenetic Regulation of Neuregulin-1 Tunes White Adipose Stem Cell Differentiation. Cordero AD, et al. Cells, 2020 May 7. PMID 32392729, Free PMC Article
  4. Neuregulin‑1: An underlying protective force of cardiac dysfunction in sepsis (Review). Kang W, et al. Mol Med Rep, 2020 Jun. PMID 32236630, Free PMC Article
  5. The Relationship Between Circulating Neuregulin-1 and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Huang M, et al. Int Heart J, 2020 Jan 31. PMID 31956140

See all (502) citations in PubMed

See citations in PubMed for homologs of this gene provided by HomoloGene

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Tumor Microenvironment-Derived NRG1 Promotes Antiandrogen Resistance in Prostate Cancer.
    Title: Tumor Microenvironment-Derived NRG1 Promotes Antiandrogen Resistance in Prostate Cancer.
  2. Epigenetic Regulation of Neuregulin-1 Tunes White Adipose Stem Cell Differentiation.
    Title: Epigenetic Regulation of Neuregulin-1 Tunes White Adipose Stem Cell Differentiation.
  3. Neuregulin1: An underlying protective force of cardiac dysfunction in sepsis (Review).
    Title: Neuregulin‑1: An underlying protective force of cardiac dysfunction in sepsis (Review).
  4. miR-143-3p inhibition promotes neuronal survival in an Alzheimer's disease cell model by targeting neuregulin-1.
    Title: miR-143-3p inhibition promotes neuronal survival in an Alzheimer's disease cell model by targeting neuregulin-1.
  5. Heregulin controls ERalpha and HER2 signaling in mammospheres of ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells and interferes with the efficacy of molecular targeted therapy.
    Title: Heregulin controls ERα and HER2 signaling in mammospheres of ERα-positive breast cancer cells and interferes with the efficacy of molecular targeted therapy.
  6. Sex differences in circulating neuregulin1-beta1 and beta-secretase 1 expression in childhood-onset schizophrenia.
    Title: Sex differences in circulating neuregulin1-β1 and β-secretase 1 expression in childhood-onset schizophrenia.
  7. Distribution of NRG1 Gene Fusions in a Large Population of Chinese Patients with NSCLC.
    Title: Distribution of NRG1 Gene Fusions in a Large Population of Chinese Patients with NSCLC.
  8. Fusions affecting NRG1 were detected in unselected lung adenocarcinomas. NRG1 fusions ranked the most prevalent fusions in common driver-negative lung adenocarcinomas from Chinese population.
    Title: Detection of Novel NRG1, EGFR, and MET Fusions in Lung Adenocarcinomas in the Chinese Population.
  9. Results suggest that NRG-1 was increased in the group of chronic cannabis-abusing schizophrenia patients in comparison with non-abusing patients.
    Title: Neuregulin-1 is increased in schizophrenia patients with chronic cannabis abuse: Preliminary results.
  10. Treatment of neonatal rats with rhNRG-1 induced a signaling response comparable with that observed in vitro, including increased ErbB4-pTyr(1284), Akt-pThr(308) and Erk1/2-pThr(202)/Tyr(204).
    Title: Neuregulin-1 triggers GLUT4 translocation and enhances glucose uptake independently of insulin receptor substrate and ErbB3 in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (393)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
A genome-wide association study identifies potential susceptibility Loci for hirschsprung disease.
GeneReviews: Not available
A meta-analysis of thyroid-related traits reveals novel loci and gender-specific differences in the regulation of thyroid function.
GeneReviews: Not available
Association of genome-wide variation with highly sensitive cardiac troponin-T levels in European Americans and Blacks: a meta-analysis from atherosclerosis risk in communities and cardiovascular health studies.
GeneReviews: Not available
Discovery of common variants associated with low TSH levels and thyroid cancer risk.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genetic Variants Associated with Serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Levels in European Americans and African Americans from the eMERGE Network.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genetics of coronary artery calcification among African Americans, a meta-analysis.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genome wide association study (GWAS) of Chagas cardiomyopathy in Trypanosoma cruzi seropositive subjects.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genome-wide association scan for survival on dialysis in African-Americans with type 2 diabetes.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genome-wide association study for refractive astigmatism reveals genetic co-determination with spherical equivalent refractive error: the CREAM consortium.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genome-wide association study identifies NRG1 as a susceptibility locus for Hirschsprung's disease.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genome-wide association study of a heart failure related metabolomic profile among African Americans in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
GeneReviews: Not available
Genome-wide association with bone mass and geometry in the Framingham Heart Study.
GeneReviews: Not available
Schizophrenia 6
MedGen: C1864275 OMIM: 603013 GeneReviews: Not available
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Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
ErbB-3 class receptor binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
chemorepellent activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
cytokine activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
growth factor activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
integrin binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
protein tyrosine kinase activator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
receptor tyrosine kinase binding NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
signaling receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
transcription coregulator activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
ERBB signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
ERBB signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
ERBB2 signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
ERBB3 signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
MAPK cascade TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
activation of MAPK activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
activation of protein kinase B activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
animal organ development IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
cardiac muscle cell differentiation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
cell communication TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
cell differentiation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
endocardial cell differentiation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
intracellular signal transduction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
mammary gland development TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
negative chemotaxis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
negative regulation of secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
nervous system development IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
nervous system development TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
neural crest cell development TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
positive regulation of cell population proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
positive regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
regulation of cell motility TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
wound healing TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
extracellular region NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
integral component of membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
membrane NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform
Names
acetylcholine receptor-inducing activity
glial growth factor 2
heregulin, alpha (45kD, ERBB2 p185-activator)
neu differentiation factor
pro-NRG1
sensory and motor neuron derived factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_012005.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5531..1109032
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001159995.3 → NP_001153467.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta1c

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta1c), which uses the type IV promoter, contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and it also lacks an in-frame exon in the central coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-beta1c, also known as type IV fetal C beta 1a or fetal b IV-beta 1a) has a distinct N-terminus, lacks an internal segment, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, CA429204, DA805080, EF517297, GQ983557, M94166
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6MW56, E3SFM9
    Related
    ENSP00000499008.1, ENST00000652698.1
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd05895
    Location:32 → 106
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    smart00410
    Location:22 → 108
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam00008
    Location:152 → 182
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:202 → 595
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  2. NM_001159996.3 → NP_001153468.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform ndf43c

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001153468.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (ndf43c), which uses the type VI promoter, lacks multiple 5' exons but contains an alternate 5' terminal exon, and it also lacks two in-frame exons in the central coding region and includes an additional exon that results in an alternate 3' coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (ndf43c, also known as ndf43) has distinct N- and C-termini, lacks an internal segment, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK293240, BC144446, CA429204, DA805080, DC425692
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS75727.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z1D7, F6RJN6
    Related
    ENSP00000439276.2, ENST00000539990.3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    PHA03099
    Location:28 → 120
    PHA03099; epidermal growth factor-like protein (EGF-like protein); Provisional
    pfam00008
    Location:36 → 66
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:113 → 270
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  3. NM_001159999.3 → NP_001153471.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta1b

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta1b), which uses the type IV promoter, contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-beta1b, also known as type IV fetal B beta 1a) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, CA429204, CN603652, DA805080, EF517296, GQ983557, M94165, U02328
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6MW55, E3SFM9
    Related
    ENSP00000499045.1, ENST00000650866.1
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd05895
    Location:32 → 106
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    smart00410
    Location:22 → 108
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam00008
    Location:169 → 199
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:219 → 612
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  4. NM_001160001.3 → NP_001153473.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta1d

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta1d), which uses the type IV promoter, contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and it also lacks two in-frame exons in the central coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-beta1d, also known as IV-beta 1a or type IV fetal A beta 1a) has a distinct N-terminus, lacks an internal segment, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, CA429204, CN603654, DA805080, EF372273, GQ983557, M94165
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS55218.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    E3SFM9
    Related
    ENSP00000429582.1, ENST00000519301.6
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd05895
    Location:32 → 106
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    smart00410
    Location:22 → 108
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam00008
    Location:135 → 165
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:185 → 578
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  5. NM_001160002.2 → NP_001153474.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-gamma2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-gamma2), which uses the type I promoter, lacks an internal in-frame exon and multiple 3' exons, but contains an alternate 3' terminal exon and thus differs in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-gamma2, also known as gamma protein isoform 1) lacks an internal segment, has a distinct C-terminus, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC083977, AC103675, EU363508
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B0FYA7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:43 → 129
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  6. NM_001160004.3 → NP_001153476.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform ndf43b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001153476.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (ndf43b), which uses the type I promoter, lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the central coding region, and contains an additional exon that results in an alternate 3' coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (ndf43b, also known as ndf43-beta2) lacks an internal segment, has a distinct C-terminus, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC083977, AC113209, BC144446, CA429204, DA805080, EU363510
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B0FYA9
    Related
    ENSP00000498583.1, ENST00000650980.1
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd05895
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    pfam02158
    Location:232 → 421
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family
    cl28647
    Location:182 → 271
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional

  7. NM_001160005.2 → NP_001153477.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta3b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001153477.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta3b), which uses the type I promoter, lacks two internal in-frame exons and multiple 3' exons, but contains an alternate 3' terminal exon and thus differs in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-beta3b, also known as HRG-beta 3 protein isoform) lacks an internal segment, has a distinct C-terminus, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC083977, EU359055, M94168
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B0FWZ3
    Related
    ENSP00000498833.1, ENST00000650967.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:43 → 129
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  8. NM_001160007.2 → NP_001153479.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-gamma3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-gamma3), which uses the type I promoter, lacks two internal in-frame exons and multiple 3' exons, but contains an alternate 3' terminal exon that results in an early stop codon and an alternate 3' UTR, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-gamma3, also known as gamma protein isoform 2) lacks an internal segment and is shorter at the C-terminus, compared to isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC083977, AC103675, EU363509
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B0FYA8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl11960
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  9. NM_001160008.2 → NP_001153480.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta2b

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta2b), which uses the type I promoter, lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the central coding region, and it also contains alternate 3' exon structure resulting an in early stop codon and alternate 3' UTR, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-beta2b) lacks an internal segment and is shorter at the C-terminus, compared to isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK097005, AK298132, BC006492, BQ018711
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS55219.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6PK61
    Related
    ENSP00000430120.1, ENST00000523079.5
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd05895
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    pfam02158
    Location:232 → 420
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family
    cl28647
    Location:182 → 271
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional

  10. NM_001322197.2 → NP_001309126.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform VI-1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (VI-1), which uses the type VI promoter, lacks multiple 5' exons but contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and it also lacks an in-frame exon in the central coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (VI-1) has a distinct N-terminus, lacks an internal segment, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK293270, CA429204, CN603661
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z1E3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PHA03099
    Location:28 → 117
    PHA03099; epidermal growth factor-like protein (EGF-like protein); Provisional
    pfam02158
    Location:78 → 471
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  11. NM_001322201.2 → NP_001309130.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform a

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (fetal-a-IV-1), which uses the type IV promoter, contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and lacks three internal exons, and it thus differs in the 5' UTR and initiates translation from a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (a) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform HRG-beta1. Both variants fetal-a-IV-1 and fetal-c-IV-2 encode isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC083977, AC103675, AC113209, CA429204, EF372275, GQ983557
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A5YAK6, E3SFM9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02158
    Location:1 → 370
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  12. NM_001322202.2 → NP_001309131.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform a

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (fetal-c-IV-2), which uses the type IV promoter, contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and lacks four internal exons, and it thus differs in the 5' UTR and initiates translation from a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (a) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform HRG-beta1. Both variants fetal-a-IV-1 and fetal-c-IV-2 encode isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC103675, AC113209, CA429204, EF372277, GQ983557
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A5YAK8, E3SFM9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02158
    Location:1 → 370
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  13. NM_001322205.2 → NP_001309134.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform NRG-III-beta1a

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (NRG-III-beta1a), which uses the type III promoter, lacks several 5' exons but contains an alternate 5' terminal exon, and it thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (NRG-III-beta1a, also known as nARIAbeta1a or CRD-NRGbeta1a) has a distinct N-terminus and is longer than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC103675, AC113209, AK289927, CA429204, EF517295
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6MW54
    Related
    ENSP00000498646.1, ENST00000652592.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PHA02887
    Location:236 → 279
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional
    pfam02158
    Location:295 → 688
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  14. NM_001322206.2 → NP_001309135.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform III-2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (III-2), which uses the type III promoter, lacks several 5' exons but contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and it also includes an additional exon that results in an alternate 3' coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (III-2) has distinct N- and C-termini and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK289927, BC144446, CA429204, M94166
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    Related
    ENSP00000498590.1, ENST00000651333.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PHA02887
    Location:236 → 279
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional
    pfam02158
    Location:295 → 484
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  15. NM_001322207.2 → NP_001309136.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform III-3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (III-3), which uses the type III promoter, lacks several 5' exons but contains an alternate 5' terminal exon and thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, and it also contains an alternate 3' terminal exon that results in an early stop codon, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (III-3) has distinct N- and C-termini and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK289927, AK298132, BC144446, BQ018711, M94166
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    Related
    ENSP00000498946.1, ENST00000650819.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PHA02887
    Location:236 → 279
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional
    pfam02158
    Location:295 → 483
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  16. NM_004495.4 → NP_004486.2  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-gamma

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004486.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-gamma), which uses the type I promoter, lacks multiple 3' exons but contains an alternate 3' terminal exon that results in an early stop codon, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-gamma) is shorter at the C-terminus, compared to isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC083977, AC103675, BC144446
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q7RTW5
    Related
    ENST00000651807.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:43 → 129
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  17. NM_013956.5 → NP_039250.2  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_039250.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta1), which uses the type I promoter, encodes isoform HRG-beta1 (also known as NDF-beta1a or HRG-beta1a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK097005, AK298132, BC006492, BC144446, CA429204, DA805080, M94166
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6083.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6PK61
    Related
    ENSP00000287842.4, ENST00000287842.7
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd05895
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    smart00410
    Location:43 → 129
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam00008
    Location:190 → 220
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:240 → 633
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  18. NM_013957.5 → NP_039251.2  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_039251.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta2), which uses the type I promoter, lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the central coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1, resulting in an isoform (HRG-beta2) that is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK097005, AK290730, AK298132, BC006492, CA429204, DA805080, M94165
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6084.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6PK61, Q7RTW3
    Related
    ENSP00000349275.6, ENST00000356819.7
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd05895
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    PHA03099
    Location:182 → 271
    PHA03099; epidermal growth factor-like protein (EGF-like protein); Provisional
    smart00410
    Location:43 → 129
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam02158
    Location:232 → 625
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  19. NM_013958.4 → NP_039252.2  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-beta3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_039252.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-beta3), which uses the type I promoter, lacks multiple 3' exons but contains an alternate 3' terminal exon that results in an early stop codon, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-beta3, also known as GGF or GGFHFB1) is shorter at the C-terminus, compared to isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK097005, AK298132, M94165, M94168
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024QY88
    Related
    ENSP00000498811.1, ENST00000650919.1
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    smart00410
    Location:43 → 129
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam00008
    Location:190 → 220
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    cl11960
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  20. NM_013959.4 → NP_039253.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform SMDF

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_039253.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (SMDF), which uses the type III promoter, is expressed mainly in the nervous system. It lacks multiple 5' and 3' exons but has alternate 5' and 3' terminal exons, and it thus differs in the 5' and 3' coding regions and in both UTRs, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (SMDF, also known as NRG-III-beta3) has distinct N- and C-termini and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK289927, M94168
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6087.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    Related
    ENSP00000433289.1, ENST00000520502.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PHA02887
    Location:236 → 279
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional

  21. NM_013960.5 → NP_039254.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform ndf43 proprotein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_039254.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (ndf43), which uses the type I promoter, lacks two in-frame exons but contains a different in-frame exon in the central coding region, and it also contains an additional exon that results in an alternate 3' coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (ndf43) has an alternate internal segment and a distinct C-terminus, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK097005, AK298132, BC006492, CA429204, DA805080, M94165, U02326
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6086.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6PK61
    Related
    ENSP00000428828.1, ENST00000521670.5
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd05895
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    pfam00008
    Location:190 → 220
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:235 → 424
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  22. NM_013962.3 → NP_039256.2  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform GGF2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_039256.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (GGF2), which uses the type II promoter, is expressed in the nervous system and functions as a neuronal signal that promotes the proliferation and survival of the oligodendrocyte and the myelinating cell. This variant contains alternate 5' and 3' terminal exons and thus differs in the 5' and 3' coding regions and in both UTRs, and it also lacks two alternate in-frame exons in the central coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (GGF2, also known as GGFHBS5) has distinct N- and C-termini, lacks an internal segment, and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC104000, L12260, M94165, M94168
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS47836.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    Related
    ENSP00000434640.1, ENST00000520407.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05895
    Location:268 → 342
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    cl28647
    Location:362 → 405
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional

  23. NM_013964.5 → NP_039258.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform HRG-alpha proprotein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_039258.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (HRG-alpha), which uses the type I promoter, lacks two in-frame exons but contains a different in-frame exon in the central coding region, compared to variant HRG-beta1. The resulting isoform (HRG-alpha, also known as erbB2 or gp30/alpha 1) contains an alternate internal segment and is shorter than isoform HRG-beta1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC113209, AK097005, AK298132, BC006492, CA429204, DA805080, M94165
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6085.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q02297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6PK61
    Related
    ENSP00000384620.2, ENST00000405005.7
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd05895
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    smart00410
    Location:43 → 129
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam00008
    Location:190 → 220
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:235 → 628
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Homo sapiens Updated Annotation Release 109.20210226

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p13 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000008.11 Reference GRCh38.p13 Primary Assembly

    Range
    31639245..32774046
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011544512.2 → XP_011542814.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X8

    Related
    ENSP00000429067.1, ENST00000523534.5
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd05895
    Location:60 → 134
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    smart00410
    Location:50 → 136
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    pfam00008
    Location:197 → 227
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:247 → 640
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  2. XM_017013365.2 → XP_016868854.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X3

  3. XM_017013366.2 → XP_016868855.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X4

  4. XM_017013371.2 → XP_016868860.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X11

  5. XM_017013372.2 → XP_016868861.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X12

  6. XM_017013367.1 → XP_016868856.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X5

  7. XM_024447143.1 → XP_024302911.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X7

    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd05895
    Location:53 → 127
    Ig_Pro_neuregulin-1; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain found in neuregulin (NRG)-1
    pfam00008
    Location:156 → 186
    EGF; EGF-like domain
    pfam02158
    Location:201 → 594
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  8. XM_017013368.2 → XP_016868857.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X6

  9. XM_005273486.3 → XP_005273543.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PHA02887
    Location:236 → 278
    PHA02887; EGF-like protein; Provisional
    pfam02158
    Location:290 → 683
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  10. XM_005273487.3 → XP_005273544.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X2

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    PHA03099
    Location:237 → 326
    PHA03099; epidermal growth factor-like protein (EGF-like protein); Provisional
    pfam02158
    Location:287 → 680
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family

  11. XM_017013369.2 → XP_016868858.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X9

  12. XM_017013370.1 → XP_016868859.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X10

  13. XM_006716335.3 → XP_006716398.1  pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X13

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam02158
    Location:15 → 408
    Neuregulin; Neuregulin family
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q02297.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q02297

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