Hk1 hexokinase 1 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Hk1provided by MGI
Official Full Name: hexokinase 1provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:96103
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000037012 AllianceGenome:MGI:96103
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: dea; Hk-1; Hk1-s; mHk1-s
Summary: Enables glucokinase activity and peptidoglycan binding activity. Involved in carbohydrate phosphorylation; hexose metabolic process; and positive regulation of cytokine production. Located in cytosol; membrane raft; and mitochondrion. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; integumental system; nervous system; respiratory system; and sensory organ. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G; anemia (multiple); hematologic cancer (multiple); obesity; and retinitis pigmentosa. Orthologous to human HK1 (hexokinase 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025]
Expression: Broad expression in testis adult (RPKM 245.2), cortex adult (RPKM 43.6) and 17 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 10 B4; 10 32.37 cM

Exon count:: 26

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	10	NC_000076.7 (62104634..62215699, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	10	NC_000076.6 (62268855..62379920, complement)

Chromosome 10 - NC_000076.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Hemokinin-1 is a mediator of chronic restraint stress-induced pain.
Title: Hemokinin-1 is a mediator of chronic restraint stress-induced pain.
Hexokinase 1 cellular localization regulates the metabolic fate of glucose.
Title: Hexokinase 1 cellular localization regulates the metabolic fate of glucose.
A genome-wide CRISPR activation screen reveals Hexokinase 1 as a critical factor in promoting resistance to multi-kinase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Title: A genome-wide CRISPR activation screen reveals Hexokinase 1 as a critical factor in promoting resistance to multi-kinase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Effect of Increased IL-1beta on Expression of HK in Alzheimer's Disease.
Title: Effect of Increased IL-1β on Expression of HK in Alzheimer's Disease.
Fubp1 upregulates the mRNA levels of two hexokinase genes, Hk1 and Hk2. We suggest that Fubp1 contributes to cell survival through supporting lactate-Akt-mTOR axis.
Title: Fubp1 supports the lactate-Akt-mTOR axis through the upregulation of Hk1 and Hk2.
Hexokinase expression is highly enriched in neurons compared to astrocytes.
Title: Direct neuronal glucose uptake heralds activity-dependent increases in cerebral metabolism.
The interaction of DREAM with hexokinase I may be important in the regulation of neuronal apoptosis.
Title: The regulation of apoptosis by the downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator/potassium channel interacting protein 3 (DREAM/KChIP3) through interactions with hexokinase I.
Standard chow affects body weight, heart weight and HK activity and HKI expression in the heart, without altering HKII expression.
Title: The effect of standard chow and reduced hexokinase II on growth, cardiac and skeletal muscle hexokinase and low-flow cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
HK1S is tethered in the principal piece region by PFKMS, which in turn is bound tightly to GSTM5 in the fibrous sheath of sperm.
Title: Molecular complex of three testis-specific isozymes associated with the mouse sperm fibrous sheath: hexokinase 1, phosphofructokinase M, and glutathione S-transferase mu class 5.
HK-1 alone was sufficient to induce the activation of MAPKs and the expression of Blimp-1 and Xbp-1 in B cells.
Title: Hemokinin-1 activates the MAPK pathway and enhances B cell proliferation and antibody production.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (4) 1 citation
Spontaneous (1) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:236363

Hk1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:506975

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:224470

RH94785 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:120032

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ATP binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables D-glucose binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables D-glucose binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables fructokinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables fructokinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables fructokinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables glucokinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glucokinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glucokinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glucokinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables glucosamine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hexokinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables hexokinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables hexokinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hexokinase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables mannokinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables mannokinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed
enables mannokinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables peptidoglycan binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables peptidoglycan binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein-containing complex binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in GDP-mannose biosynthetic process from mannose	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in canonical glycolysis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in carbohydrate phosphorylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in carbohydrate phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glucose metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glycolytic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glycolytic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glycolytic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in inflammatory response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in innate immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in intracellular glucose homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in intracellular glucose homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mannose metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mannose metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ischemia	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in caveola	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane raft	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial outer membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrion	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of protein-containing complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: hexokinase-1

Names: HK I; downeast anemia; hexokinase type I; hexokinase, tumor isozyme

NP_001139572.1

EC 2.7.1.1

NP_034568.2

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_006513305.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_006513306.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_006513307.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_006513308.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_006513309.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_006513310.1

EC 2.7.1.1

XP_030100764.1

EC 2.7.1.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001146100.2 → NP_001139572.1 hexokinase-1 isoform HK1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001139572.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the ubiquitously expressed transcript and encodes isoform HK1. Its 5' end includes an exon that is unique to this transcript and encodes a distinct N-terminus containing the porin binding domain (PBD). The porin binding domain mediates association with the mitochondrial membrane.

Source sequence(s)

AC145297

Consensus CDS

CCDS48577.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4, Q6GQU1

Related

ENSMUSP00000097282.5, ENSMUST00000099691.11

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:462 → 907

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:469 → 667

Hexokinase_1; Hexokinase

pfam03727
Location:673 → 907

Hexokinase_2; Hexokinase
NM_001428524.1 → NP_001415453.1 hexokinase-1 isoform 3

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC145297

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4
NM_001428525.1 → NP_001415454.1 hexokinase-1 isoform 4

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC145297

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4
NM_001428526.1 → NP_001415455.1 hexokinase-1 isoform 5

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC145297

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

G3UVV4, Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4
NM_001428527.1 → NP_001415456.1 hexokinase-1 isoform 6

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC145297

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4
NM_001428528.1 → NP_001415457.1 hexokinase-1 isoform 7

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC145297
NM_001428529.1 → NP_001415458.1 hexokinase-1 isoform 8

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC145297
NM_010438.4 → NP_034568.2 hexokinase-1 isoform HK1-sb

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034568.2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) has four novel exons in the 5' end and one novel in-frame exon in the 3' coding region , compared to variant 1. These differences result in a protein (isoform HK1-sb) with a longer and distinct N-terminus and a longer C-terminus, compared to isoform HK1. This transcript is expressed exclusively in the testis and its protein lacks the porin binding domain that mediates association with the mitochondrial membrane in isoform HK1.

Source sequence(s)

AC126428, AC145297

Consensus CDS

CCDS48578.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4

Related

ENSMUSP00000111946.3, ENSMUST00000116238.9

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:489 → 934

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:496 → 694

Hexokinase_1; Hexokinase

pfam03727
Location:700 → 934

Hexokinase_2; Hexokinase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000076.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

62104634..62215699 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006513245.4 → XP_006513308.1 hexokinase-1 isoform X2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006513308.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:23 → 464

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:473 → 671

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:677 → 911

Hexokinase_2
XM_006513244.4 → XP_006513307.1 hexokinase-1 isoform X2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006513307.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:23 → 464

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:473 → 671

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:677 → 911

Hexokinase_2
XM_006513243.4 → XP_006513306.1 hexokinase-1 isoform X2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006513306.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:23 → 464

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:473 → 671

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:677 → 911

Hexokinase_2
XM_006513242.2 → XP_006513305.1 hexokinase-1 isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006513305.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

E9PXQ3, P17710, Q61659, Q64476, Q64479

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:75 → 516

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:525 → 723

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:729 → 963

Hexokinase_2
XM_030244904.1 → XP_030100764.1 hexokinase-1 isoform X5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TJE3, Q3UPC4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:75 → 539

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:548 → 746

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:752 → 986

Hexokinase_2
XM_006513246.4 → XP_006513309.1 hexokinase-1 isoform X3

Related

ENSMUSP00000118601.2, ENSMUST00000130422.8

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:18 → 459

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:468 → 666

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:672 → 906

Hexokinase_2
XM_006513247.2 → XP_006513310.1 hexokinase-1 isoform X4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00107
Location:8 → 446

PTZ00107; hexokinase; Provisional

pfam00349
Location:455 → 653

Hexokinase_1

pfam03727
Location:659 → 893

Hexokinase_2