- ATM Signaling Network in Development and Disease, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
ATM Signaling Network in Development and Disease, organism-specific biosystemThis pathway is modeled after Figure 4 in the article "The ATM signaling network in development and disease" (See Bibliography). When DNA is damaged, DDR begins to work on recuperating the damage th...
- ATM Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
ATM Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemAtaxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a highly pleiotropic, autosomal recessive disease that leads to multisystem defects and has an intricate cellular phenotype, all linked to the functional inactivation o...
- Cell Cycle, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell Cycle, organism-specific biosystem
Cell Cycle
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell Cycle Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystemA hallmark of the human cell cycle in normal somatic cells is its precision. This remarkable fidelity is achieved by a number of signal transduction pathways, known as checkpoints, which monitor cell...
- DNA Double Strand Break Response, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA Double Strand Break Response, organism-specific biosystemDNA double strand break (DSB) response involves sensing of DNA DSBs by the MRN complex which triggers ATM activation. ATM phosphorylates a number of proteins involved in DNA damage checkpoint signali...
- DNA Double-Strand Break Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA Double-Strand Break Repair, organism-specific biosystemNumerous types of DNA damage can occur within a cell due to the endogenous production of oxygen free radicals, normal alkylation reactions, or exposure to exogenous radiations and chemicals. Double-s...
- DNA Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA Repair, organism-specific biosystemDNA repair is a phenomenal multi-enzyme, multi-pathway system required to ensure the integrity of the cellular genome. Living organisms are constantly exposed to harmful metabolic by-products, enviro...
- G2/M Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
G2/M Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystemG2/M checkpoints include the checks for damaged DNA, unreplicated DNA, and checks that ensure that the genome is replicated once and only once per cell cycle. If cells pass these checkpoints, they f...
- G2/M DNA damage checkpoint, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
G2/M DNA damage checkpoint, organism-specific biosystemThroughout the cell cycle, the genome is constantly monitored for damage, resulting either from errors of replication, by-products of metabolism or through extrinsic sources such as ultra-violet or i...
- Gene Expression, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Gene Expression, organism-specific biosystemGene Expression covers the pathways by which genomic DNA is transcribed to yield RNA, the regulation of these transcription processes, and the pathways by which newly-made RNA Transcripts are process...
- Generic Transcription Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Generic Transcription Pathway, organism-specific biosystemOVERVIEW OF TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION: Detailed studies of gene transcription regulation in a wide variety of eukaryotic systems has revealed the general principles and mechanisms by which cell- or t...
- HDR through Homologous Recombination (HR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA), organism-specific biosystemHomology directed repair (HDR) of replication-independent DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) via homologous recombination repair (HRR) or single strand annealing (SSA) requires the activation of ATM fol...
- Homology Directed Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Homology Directed Repair, organism-specific biosystemHomology directed repair (HDR) of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) requires resection of DNA DSB ends. Resection creates 3'-ssDNA overhangs which then anneal with a homologous DNA sequence. This homol...
- Metabolism of proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Metabolism of proteins, organism-specific biosystemProtein metabolism comprises the pathways of translation, post-translational modification and protein folding.
- Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ), organism-specific biosystemThe nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway is initiated in response to the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by DNA-damaging agents, such as ionizing radiation. DNA DSBs are reco...
- Post-translational protein modification, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Post-translational protein modification, organism-specific biosystemAfter translation, many newly formed proteins undergo further covalent modifications that alter their functional properties and that are essentially irreversible under physiological conditions in the...
- Processing of DNA double-strand break ends, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Processing of DNA double-strand break ends, organism-specific biosystemHomology directed repair (HDR) through homologous recombination (HRR) or single strand annealing (SSA) requires extensive resection of DNA double strand break (DSB) ends (Thompson and Limoli 2003, Ci...
- Recruitment and ATM-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling proteins at DNA double strand breaks, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Recruitment and ATM-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling proteins at DNA double strand breaks, organism-specific biosystemActivated ATM phosphorylates a number of proteins involved in the DNA damage checkpoint and DNA repair (Thompson and Schild 2002, Ciccia and Elledge 2010), thereby triggering and coordinating accumul...
- SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins, organism-specific biosystemSUMO proteins are conjugated to lysine residues of target proteins via an isopeptide bond with the C-terminal glycine of SUMO (reviewed in Zhao 2007, Gareau and Lima 2010, Hannoun et al. 2010, Citro ...
- SUMOylation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SUMOylation, organism-specific biosystemSmall Ubiquitin-like MOdifiers (SUMOs) are a family of 3 proteins (SUMO1,2,3) that are reversibly conjugated to lysine residues of target proteins via a glycine-lysine isopeptide bond (reviewed in Ha...
- SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins, organism-specific biosystemSeveral factors that participate in DNA damage response and repair are SUMOylated (reviewed in Dou et al. 2011, Bekker-Jensen and Mailand 2011, Ulrich 2012, Psakhye and Jentsch 2012, Bologna and Ferr...
- TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes, organism-specific biosystemSeveral DNA repair genes contain p53 response elements and their transcription is positively regulated by TP53 (p53). TP53-mediated regulation probably ensures increased protein level of DNA repair g...
- Transcriptional Regulation by TP53, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Transcriptional Regulation by TP53, organism-specific biosystemThe tumor suppressor TP53 (encoded by the gene p53) is a transcription factor. Under stress conditions, it recognizes specific responsive DNA elements and thus regulates the transcription of many gen...