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AP1G2 adaptor related protein complex 1 subunit gamma 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 8906, updated on 12-Aug-2022

Summary

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Official Symbol
AP1G2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
adaptor related protein complex 1 subunit gamma 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:556
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000213983 MIM:603534; AllianceGenome:HGNC:556
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
G2AD
Summary
Adaptins are important components of clathrin-coated vesicles transporting ligand-receptor complexes from the plasma membrane or from the trans-Golgi network to lysosomes. The adaptin family of proteins is composed of four classes of molecules named alpha, beta-, beta prime- and gamma- adaptins. Adaptins, together with medium and small subunits, form a heterotetrameric complex called an adaptor, whose role is to promote the formation of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. The protein encoded by this gene is a gamma-adaptin protein and it belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunits family. This protein along with the complex is thought to function at some trafficking step in the complex pathways between the trans-Golgi network and the cell surface. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in skin (RPKM 20.0), lymph node (RPKM 17.8) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See AP1G2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
14q11.2
Exon count:
21
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
110 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (23559567..23567791, complement)
110 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (17760126..17768361, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (24028776..24037000, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene neuroguidin Neighboring gene thiamine triphosphatase Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903289 Neighboring gene zinc finger homeobox 2 Neighboring gene AP1G2 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene junctophilin 4 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10629

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. The hepatitis B virus preS1 domain hijacks host trafficking proteins by motif mimicry. Jürgens MC, et al. Nat Chem Biol, 2013 Sep. PMID 23851574
  2. Hepatitis B virus large envelope protein interacts with gamma2-adaptin, a clathrin adaptor-related protein. Hartmann-Stühler C, et al. J Virol, 2001 Jun. PMID 11333915, Free PMC Article
  3. gamma2-Adaptin, a ubiquitin-interacting adaptor, is a substrate to coupled ubiquitination by the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 and functions in the endosomal pathway. Rost M, et al. J Biol Chem, 2008 Nov 14. PMID 18772139
  4. γ2-Adaptin is functioning in the late endosomal sorting pathway and interacts with ESCRT-I and -III subunits. Döring T, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2010 Nov. PMID 20708039
  5. Hepatitis B virus maturation is sensitive to functional inhibition of ESCRT-III, Vps4, and gamma 2-adaptin. Lambert C, et al. J Virol, 2007 Sep. PMID 17553870, Free PMC Article

See all (56) citations in PubMed

See citations in PubMed for homologs of this gene provided by HomoloGene

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Depletion of the gamma2 or mu1A (AP1M1) subunits of AP-1, but not of gamma1 (AP1G1), precludes Nef-mediated lysosomal degradation of CD4.
    Title: CD4 downregulation by the HIV-1 protein Nef reveals distinct roles for the γ1 and γ2 subunits of the AP-1 complex in protein trafficking.
  2. Data show that gamma2-adaptin in MVB sorting specifically interacts with the ESCRT subunits Vps28 and CHMP2A.
    Title: γ2-Adaptin is functioning in the late endosomal sorting pathway and interacts with ESCRT-I and -III subunits.
  3. gamma2-adaptin's ubiquitin-interacting motif mediates a specific physical interaction with the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 and promotes ubiquitination of gamma2-adaptin
    Title: gamma2-Adaptin, a ubiquitin-interacting adaptor, is a substrate to coupled ubiquitination by the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 and functions in the endosomal pathway.
  4. These results demonstrate that HBV exploits the multivesicular bodies machinery with the aid of gamma 2-adaptin.
    Title: Hepatitis B virus maturation is sensitive to functional inhibition of ESCRT-III, Vps4, and gamma 2-adaptin.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
GWAS for discovery and replication of genetic loci associated with sudden cardiac arrest in patients with coronary artery disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
Knockdown of adaptor-related protein complex 1, gamma 2 subunit (AP1G2) by siRNA inhibits the early stages of HIV-1 replication in 293T cells infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env The highly conserved C-terminal dileucine motif (residues 851-856) in the cytosolic domain of HIV-1 gp41 interacts with clathrin-associated AP-1 adaptor complexes PubMed
env The cytoplasmic domain (residues 707-856) of HIV-1 gp41 interacts with whole clathrin-associated AP-1 and AP-2 adaptor complexes PubMed
Nef nef Adaptor-related protein complex 1 (AP-1) is necessary for cross-presentation by MHC-I HLA-A and HLA-B molecules containing a cytoplasmic tail tyrosine signal and that HIV-1 Nef inhibits the cross-presentation in antigen-presenting cells PubMed
nef Exogenous Nef and TNF-alpha synergistically activate NF-kappaB and AP-1 resulting in enhancing viral replication in both chronically infected promonocytic cells and acutely infected primary macrophages PubMed
nef HIV-1 Nef stabilizes AP-1 complexes on endosomal membranes after ADP-ribosylation factor-1 (ARF1) -dependent attachment PubMed
nef The dileucine motif (residues 164-165) in HIV-1 Nef is required for binding to AP-1 complexes and stabilizing their association with membranes PubMed
nef A leucine-based motif near the C-terminus of HIV-1 Nef interacts with AP-1 complexes; residues 164 and 165 in Nef are required for the interaction with AP-1 PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables cargo adaptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
enables clathrin adaptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Golgi to vacuole transport IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in intracellular protein transport IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in receptor-mediated endocytosis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in vesicle-mediated transport NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of AP-1 adaptor complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 PubMed 
part_of AP-1 adaptor complex TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in Golgi apparatus TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in Golgi membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in Golgi-associated vesicle IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in endosome membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in transport vesicle IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2
Names
adaptor related protein complex 1 gamma 2 subunit
clathrin-associated/assembly/adaptor protein, large, gamma-2
gamma2-adaptin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011937.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5280..13504
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001282474.2 → NP_001269403.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001269403.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate 5' exon structure and thus differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region compared to variant 1. These differences cause translation initiation at a downstream AUG and result in an isoform (2) with a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI497879, BG701521, BX161425
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q86U03
    Related
    ENST00000460049.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:291 → 399
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:1 → 194
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  2. NM_001282475.2 → NP_001269404.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001269404.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR and has multiple differences in the coding region but maintains the reading frame, compared to variant 1. This variant encodes isoform 3, which is shorter than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL135999, BC051833, BI918958, H41406
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q86V28
    Related
    ENST00000535852.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:600 → 708
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:1 → 503
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  3. NM_001354673.2 → NP_001341602.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 4

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK304682, AL135999
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam01602
    Location:1 → 446
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region
    pfam02883
    Location:543 → 651
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain

  4. NM_001354674.2 → NP_001341603.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK304682, AL135999
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q86U03
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:291 → 399
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:1 → 194
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  5. NM_001354675.2 → NP_001341604.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK304682, AL135999
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q86U03
    Related
    ENST00000465445.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:291 → 399
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:1 → 194
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  6. NM_001354677.2 → NP_001341606.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK304682, AL135999
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q86U03
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:291 → 399
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:1 → 194
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  7. NM_001354681.2 → NP_001341610.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK304682, AL135999
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q86U03
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:291 → 399
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:1 → 194
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  8. NM_003917.5 → NP_003908.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003908.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AB015318, BG701521, BQ073124
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9602.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O75504, O75843
    Related
    ENSP00000380309.3, ENST00000397120.8
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:672 → 780
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 575
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

RNA

  1. NR_148937.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (9) is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AK304682, AL135999

  2. NR_148938.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (11) is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AK304682, AL135999

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Homo sapiens Annotation Release 110 details...Open this link in a new tab

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    23559567..23567791 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047431859.1 → XP_047287815.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X8

  2. XM_005268173.4 → XP_005268230.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X6

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005268230.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O75504, O75843
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:672 → 780
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 575
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  3. XM_005268170.4 → XP_005268227.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005268227.1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:729 → 837
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 632
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  4. XM_047431857.1 → XP_047287813.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X8

  5. XM_047431851.1 → XP_047287807.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X5

  6. XM_005268167.4 → XP_005268224.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005268224.1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:729 → 837
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 632
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  7. XM_006720301.4 → XP_006720364.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006720364.1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:729 → 837
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 632
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  8. XM_047431858.1 → XP_047287814.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X8

  9. XM_047431855.1 → XP_047287811.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O75504

  10. XM_047431852.1 → XP_047287808.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X5

  11. XM_005268168.6 → XP_005268225.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005268225.1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:729 → 837
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 632
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  12. XM_047431856.1 → XP_047287812.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X7

  13. XM_047431850.1 → XP_047287806.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X4

  14. XM_011537283.4 → XP_011535585.2  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X3

  15. XM_047431849.1 → XP_047287805.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X1

  16. XM_005268172.4 → XP_005268229.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X6

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005268229.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O75504, O75843
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:672 → 780
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 575
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  17. XM_047431853.1 → XP_047287809.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X5

  18. XM_005268169.4 → XP_005268226.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005268226.1

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00809
    Location:729 → 837
    Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain
    pfam01602
    Location:24 → 632
    Adaptin_N; Adaptin N terminal region

  19. XM_047431854.1 → XP_047287810.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X6

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O75504
    Related
    ENSP00000312442.5, ENST00000308724.9

  20. XM_047431863.1 → XP_047287819.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X12

  21. XM_047431866.1 → XP_047287822.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X15

  22. XM_047431860.1 → XP_047287816.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X9

  23. XM_047431861.1 → XP_047287817.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X10

  24. XM_047431868.1 → XP_047287824.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X16

  25. XM_047431867.1 → XP_047287823.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X16

  26. XM_047431864.1 → XP_047287820.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X13

  27. XM_047431865.1 → XP_047287821.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X14

  28. XM_047431862.1 → XP_047287818.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X11

  29. XM_047431869.1 → XP_047287825.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X16

  30. XM_047431870.1 → XP_047287826.1  AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 isoform X17

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    17760126..17768361 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_080545.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_080545.1: This RefSeq was temporarily suppressed because insufficient data to support this transcript currently exist.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O75843.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O75843

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