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Chrm2 cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 2 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 81645, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Symbol
Chrm2provided by RGD
Full Name
cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 2provided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:620023
See related
EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000046972 AllianceGenome:RGD:620023
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as
Acm2
Summary
Enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity. Involved in G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway and regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Located in several cellular components, including asymmetric synapse; neuronal cell body; and symmetric synapse. Is active in glutamatergic synapse; postsynaptic membrane; and presynaptic membrane. Biomarker of depressive disorder. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Chagas disease; bipolar disorder; heroin dependence; major depressive disorder; and schizophrenia. Orthologous to human CHRM2 (cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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See Chrm2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q22
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 4 NC_086022.1 (65981136..66116128)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 4 NC_051339.1 (65015408..65149104)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 4 NC_005103.4 (64089028..64091090)

Chromosome 4 - NC_086022.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RHEB like 1, pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC102554507 Neighboring gene U2 spliceosomal RNA Neighboring gene microRNA 490 Neighboring gene pleiotrophin Neighboring gene diacylglycerol kinase, iota

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Cholinergic modulation of nociceptive responses in vivo and neuropeptide release in vitro at the level of the primary sensory neuron. Dussor GO, et al. Pain, 2004 Jan. PMID 14715385
  2. Decreased muscarinic receptor binding in the frontal cortex of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder subjects. Gibbons AS, et al. J Affect Disord, 2009 Aug. PMID 19103464, Free PMC Article
  3. An M2-like muscarinic receptor enhances a delayed rectifier K+ current in rat sympathetic neurones. Cruzblanca H. Br J Pharmacol, 2006 Oct. PMID 16953191, Free PMC Article
  4. Sleep, activity, temperature and arousal responses of mice deficient for muscarinic receptor M2 or M4. Turner J, et al. Life Sci, 2010 Jan 30. PMID 19958780
  5. Bile acid-induced arrhythmia is mediated by muscarinic M2 receptors in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Sheikh Abdul Kadir SH, et al. PLoS One, 2010 Mar 15. PMID 20300620, Free PMC Article

See all (62) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Reduced acetylcholine and elevated muscarinic receptor 2 in duodenal mucosa contribute to the impairment of mucus secretion in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease rats.
    Title: Reduced acetylcholine and elevated muscarinic receptor 2 in duodenal mucosa contribute to the impairment of mucus secretion in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease rats.
  2. Our results indicate that Acetylcholine (ACh) via M2 receptors, may contribute to the maintaining of the ADSCs quiescent status. These data are the first evidence that ACh, via muscarinic receptors, might contribute to control Mesenchymal stem cell derived from Adipose tissue physiology.
    Title: M2 muscarinic receptor activation inhibits cell proliferation and migration of rat adipose-mesenchymal stem cells.
  3. Data suggest that levels of CHRM2 are lower in Brodmann's area 24 from subjects with mood disorders, and it is possible that signalling by that receptor is also less in this cortical region; increasing levels of CHRM2 may be involved in the mechanisms of action of mood stabilisers and tricyclic antidepressants
    Title: Changes in Muscarinic M2 Receptor Levels in the Cortex of Subjects with Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder and in Rats after Treatment with Mood Stabilisers and Antidepressants.
  4. Long-term stimulation with autoantibodies against M2 muscarinic receptor leaded to the ventricular dilatation and gradual deterioration of cardiac dysfunction.
    Title: Mitochondrial Ultrastructural Alterations and Declined M2 Receptor Density Were Involved in Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats after Long Term Treatment with Autoantibodies against M2 Muscarinic Receptor.
  5. Neonatal hypoglycemia decreased total muscarinic receptors (p < 0.001) with reduced muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptor genes (p < 0.001) in one month old rats.
    Title: Cortical cholinergic dysregulation as a long-term consequence of neonatal hypoglycemia.
  6. The expression of alpha-SMA mRNA in detrusor muscle cells was 200 times higher than that in urothelial cells in controls.
    Title: Laser-capture microdissection for analysis of cell type-specific gene expression of muscarinic receptor subtypes in the rat bladder with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis.
  7. partial agonism of the M2 muscarinic receptor is regulated by the RGS4-mediated inhibition of G-protein signalling
    Title: RGS4 regulates partial agonism of the M2 muscarinic receptor-activated K+ currents.
  8. This study demonistrated that brain cholinergic receptors and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats following early life arsenic exposure.
    Title: Reversibility of changes in brain cholinergic receptors and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats following early life arsenic exposure.
  9. Selective M1 and M4 receptor activation each improved memory.
    Title: Effects of selective activation of M1 and M4 muscarinic receptors on object recognition memory performance in rats.
  10. Hyperglycemia caused a higher expression of M2-muscarinic receptors in cardiomyocytes.
    Title: Increase in cardiac M2-muscarinic receptor expression is regulated by GATA binding protein 4 (GATA-4) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (39)

Pathways from PubChem

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General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables arrestin family protein binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in regulation of heart contraction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of smooth muscle contraction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in regulation of smooth muscle contraction IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to virus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in asymmetric synapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in axon terminus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cholinergic synapse ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in dendrite IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in dendrite IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in neuronal cell body IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
is_active_in postsynaptic membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in presynaptic membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in symmetric synapse IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in synapse IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
Names
7TM receptor
M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 2, cardiac
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2-like
muscarinic receptor m2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_031016.2 → NP_112278.2  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AY571965, JAXUCZ010000004
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P10980, Q9Z2Z1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6IEP6
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000065178.1, ENSRNOT00000075341.4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086022.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    65981136..66116128
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_063286746.1 → XP_063142816.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P10980, Q9Z2Z1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6IEP6
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000082007.1, ENSRNOT00000115807.2

  2. XM_039108421.2 → XP_038964349.1  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P10980, Q9Z2Z1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A6IEP6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15297
    Location:24 → 451
    7tmA_mAChR_M2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M2, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P10980.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P10980

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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