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CHPF chondroitin polymerizing factor [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 79586, updated on 7-Apr-2025

Summary

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Official Symbol
CHPFprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
chondroitin polymerizing factorprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:24291
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000123989 MIM:610405; AllianceGenome:HGNC:24291
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
CSS2; CHPF1; CHSY2
Summary
Enables N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity and glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity. Involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthetic process and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, polysaccharide chain biosynthetic process. Predicted to be located in Golgi membrane. Predicted to be active in Golgi apparatus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025]
Expression
Broad expression in testis (RPKM 33.7), placenta (RPKM 25.6) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See CHPF in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
2q35
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (219538954..219543809, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (220023653..220028508, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (220403676..220408531, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ASIC4 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17153 Neighboring gene GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase A Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17154 Neighboring gene GATA motif-containing MPRA enhancer 279/280 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4906 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220377201-220377842 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr2:220379127-220379302 Neighboring gene acid sensing ion channel subunit family member 4 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220387632-220388132 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220388133-220388633 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220396965-220397562 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220402386-220402940 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220402941-220403496 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12358 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12359 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12360 Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 198 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12361 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220417356-220417856 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220417857-220418357 Neighboring gene microRNA 3132 Neighboring gene obscurin like cytoskeletal adaptor 1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr2:220422411-220422601 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8831 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220425347-220426210 Neighboring gene OCT4-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220429659-220430520 Neighboring gene OCT4-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220430521-220431382 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220431383-220432244 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220434367-220435204 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:220435205-220436042 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8639 Neighboring gene inhibin subunit alpha

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Lentivirus‑mediated knockdown of chondroitin polymerizing factor inhibits glioma cell growth in vitro. Fan YH, et al. Oncol Rep, 2017 Aug. PMID 28627702
  2. CHPF promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and anti-apoptosis via the MAPK pathway. Hou XM, et al. Pathol Res Pract, 2019 May. PMID 30826152
  3. Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) contributes to malignant proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Xu Q, et al. Biochem Cell Biol, 2020 Jun. PMID 32383983
  4. Identification of chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) as tumor promotor in cholangiocarcinoma through regulating cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and cell migration. Duan X, et al. Cell Cycle, 2021 Mar-Mar. PMID 33651657, Free PMC Article
  5. Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes breast carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration and affects expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers. Li Y, et al. FEBS Open Bio, 2021 Feb. PMID 33301643, Free PMC Article

See all (58) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes development and progression of colorectal cancer via facilitating transcription of VEGFB.
    Title: Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes development and progression of colorectal cancer via facilitating transcription of VEGFB.
  2. MiR-214-3p overexpression-triggered chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) inhibition modulates the ferroptosis and metabolism in colon cancer.
    Title: MiR-214-3p overexpression-triggered chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) inhibition modulates the ferroptosis and metabolism in colon cancer.
  3. Activation of CHPF by transcription factor NFIC promotes NLRP3 activation during the progression of colorectal cancer.
    Title: Activation of CHPF by transcription factor NFIC promotes NLRP3 activation during the progression of colorectal cancer.
  4. The HNF4A-CHPF pathway promotes proliferation and invasion through interactions with MAD1L1 in glioma.
    Title: The HNF4A-CHPF pathway promotes proliferation and invasion through interactions with MAD1L1 in glioma.
  5. Extracellular vesicles derived from hypoxic HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast inhibit endothelial cell functions through the miR-150-3p /CHPF pathway.
    Title: Extracellular vesicles derived from hypoxic HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast inhibit endothelial cell functions through the miR-150-3p /CHPF pathway.
  6. CHPF promotes gastric cancer tumorigenesis through the activation of E2F1.
    Title: CHPF promotes gastric cancer tumorigenesis through the activation of E2F1.
  7. Identification of chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) as tumor promotor in cholangiocarcinoma through regulating cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and cell migration.
    Title: Identification of chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) as tumor promotor in cholangiocarcinoma through regulating cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and cell migration.
  8. Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes breast carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration and affects expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers.
    Title: Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes breast carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration and affects expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers.
  9. Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) promotes development of malignant melanoma through regulation of CDK1.
    Title: Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) promotes development of malignant melanoma through regulation of CDK1.
  10. Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) contributes to malignant proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
    Title: Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) contributes to malignant proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ22678

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables UDP-glycosyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables glycosyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables hexosyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables transferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in Golgi apparatus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in Golgi apparatus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in Golgi cisterna membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in Golgi membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytosol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrial matrix IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
chondroitin sulfate synthase 2
Names
N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase II
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2
chondroitin glucuronyltransferase 2
glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II
NP_001182660.2
NP_078812.3
XP_011510140.1
XP_054199868.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001195731.2 → NP_001182660.2  chondroitin sulfate synthase 2 isoform 2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate 5' terminal exon compared to variant 1, resulting in translation initiation from an in-frame downstream AUG, and an isoform (2) with a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC009955
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS56169.1
    Related
    ENSP00000445571.1, ENST00000535926.3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam05679
    Location:100 → 600
    CHGN; Chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
    cl21608
    Location:32 → 142
    Galactosyl_T; Galactosyltransferase

  2. NM_024536.6 → NP_078812.3  chondroitin sulfate synthase 2 isoform 1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC009955
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS2443.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DXU0, Q6UXD6, Q7L4G1, Q8IZ52, Q9H0F8, Q9H618
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I5QJC8
    Related
    ENSP00000243776.6, ENST00000243776.11
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam05679
    Location:262 → 762
    CHGN; Chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
    cl21608
    Location:194 → 304
    Galactosyl_T; Galactosyltransferase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    219538954..219543809 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011511838.4 → XP_011510140.1  chondroitin sulfate synthase 2 isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam05679
    Location:3 → 471
    CHGN; Chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    220023653..220028508 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054343893.1 → XP_054199868.1  chondroitin sulfate synthase 2 isoform X1

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q8IZ52.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8IZ52

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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