U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Pakap paralemmin A kinase anchor protein [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 677884, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
Pakapprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
paralemmin A kinase anchor proteinprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:5141924
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000038729 Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000089945 Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000090053 AllianceGenome:MGI:5141924
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
Akap2; PRKA2; Palm2; pEN70; 53-H12; AKAP-2; R75368; AKAP-KL; Gm20459; AA959716; AI649048; B130066I24; Palm2Akap2; Palm2akap2; Palm2-Akap2; B230340M18Rik
Summary
This locus represents naturally occurring readthrough transcription between the neighboring Palm2 (paralemmin 2) and Akap2 (A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 2) genes on chromosome 4. The readthrough transcript encodes a fusion protein that shares sequence identity with each individual gene product. Similar readthrough transcription has also been observed in human, as described in PMID: 11478809. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]
Expression
Broad expression in lung adult (RPKM 57.1), adrenal adult (RPKM 18.2) and 20 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
See Pakap in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4 B3; 4 31.66 cM
Exon count:
14
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 4 NC_000070.7 (57434475..57896984)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 4 NC_000070.6 (57434475..57896984)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000070.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase pseudogene Neighboring gene predicted gene 12538 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10332 Neighboring gene predicted gene 12539 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm1344 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm27 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10335 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr4:57653270-57653423 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 52699 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E4625 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10338 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10341 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10342 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 35099 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10344 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr4:57794869-57795170 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr4:57825880-57826033 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E9586 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm261 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10349 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr4:57893009-57893310 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA D630039A03 gene Neighboring gene predicted gene, 26138 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 42293

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 2 Promotes Protection against Myocardial Infarction. Maric D, et al. Cells, 2021 Oct 23. PMID 34831084, Free PMC Article
  2. Gene trap insertional mutagenesis in mice: new vectors and germ line mutations in two novel genes. Neilan EG, et al. Transgenic Res, 1999. PMID 10767988
  3. A-kinase anchoring protein 2 is required for calcitonin-mediated invasion of cancer cells. Thakkar A, et al. Endocr Relat Cancer, 2016 Jan. PMID 26432469, Free PMC Article
  4. Distinct interaction modes of an AKAP bound to two regulatory subunit isoforms of protein kinase A revealed by amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange. Burns-Hamuro LL, et al. Protein Sci, 2005 Dec. PMID 16260760, Free PMC Article
  5. AKAP2 anchors PKA with aquaporin-0 to support ocular lens transparency. Gold MG, et al. EMBO Mol Med, 2012 Jan. PMID 22095752, Free PMC Article

See all (37) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 2 Promotes Protection against Myocardial Infarction.
    Title: A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 2 Promotes Protection against Myocardial Infarction.
  2. Knocking down akap2 expression remarkably decreased tumorigenicity and metastatic ability of prostate cancer cells. AKAP2 may serve as a critical component of Calcitonin receptor-mediated oncogenic actions.
    Title: A-kinase anchoring protein 2 is required for calcitonin-mediated invasion of cancer cells.
  3. The AKAP2 protein is direct phosphorylation within a regulatory region of aquaporin-0 to modulate water permeability.
    Title: AKAP2 anchors PKA with aquaporin-0 to support ocular lens transparency.
  4. distinct modes of AKAP binding may contribute to the more discriminating nature of the RIalpha (protein kinase A isoform) and AKAP docking surface
    Title: Distinct interaction modes of an AKAP bound to two regulatory subunit isoforms of protein kinase A revealed by amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Endonuclease-mediated (1) 
  • Targeted (1)  1 citation

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC5810, KIAA0920, MGC130608

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein domain specific binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables protein kinase A binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein-containing complex binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within actin filament organization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell surface receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein localization IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell shape IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in apical plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
part_of protein-containing complex ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in side of membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
paralemmin-2
Names
A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 2
A-kinase anchor protein 2
AKAP expressed in kidney and lung
Palm2-Akap2 readthrough transcript
Protein kinase A-anchoring protein 2
paralemmin 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001035532.2 → NP_001030609.1  paralemmin-2 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001030609.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks an alternate exon that results in a frameshift in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK046082, AK147420, AL840629
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS18203.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A2API8
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000103224.4, ENSMUST00000107598.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam15304
    Location:731 → 872
    AKAP2_C; A-kinase anchor protein 2 C-terminus

  2. NM_001035533.2 → NP_001030610.1  paralemmin-2 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001030610.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform (1). The 5' UTR is incomplete due to a lack of 5'-complete transcripts representing this variant and the presence of splicing ambiguity in the 5' region.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK046082, AL840629, AW489512
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS18204.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A2API8
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000048678.6, ENSMUST00000043456.12
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam15304
    Location:608 → 885
    AKAP2_C; A-kinase anchor protein 2 C-terminus

  3. NM_001304544.1 → NP_001291473.1  paralemmin-2 isoform 6

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK077020, AL772312, AL840629, BF469297
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F7AA26
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    COG1196
    Location:1 → 129
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    pfam03285
    Location:67 → 131
    Paralemmin
    pfam15304
    Location:683 → 1068
    AKAP2_C; A-kinase anchor protein 2 C-terminus

  4. NM_001384149.1 → NP_001371078.1  paralemmin-2 isoform 7

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL772312, AL772328, AL954706
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    COG1196
    Location:2 → 131
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    pfam03285
    Location:69 → 378
    Paralemmin

  5. NM_001384150.1 → NP_001371079.1  paralemmin-2 isoform 4

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL772312, AL840629
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APJ4, O54931, O54932, O54933, Q8BR92, Q8C5W1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F7AA26
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000117466.2, ENSMUST00000150412.4
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    COG1196
    Location:1 → 129
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    pfam03285
    Location:67 → 131
    Paralemmin
    pfam15304
    Location:804 → 1081
    AKAP2_C; A-kinase anchor protein 2 C-terminus

  6. NM_001384157.1 → NP_001371086.1  paralemmin-2 isoform 8

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL772312, AL772328, AL840629
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F7AA26
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    COG1196
    Location:2 → 131
    Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]
    pfam03285
    Location:69 → 133
    Paralemmin
    pfam15304
    Location:806 → 1083
    AKAP2_C; A-kinase anchor protein 2 C-terminus

  7. NM_009649.3 → NP_033779.2  paralemmin-2 isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_033779.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks two alternate exons that result in a frameshift in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK041873, AK046082, AL840629
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS18205.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8C9L6
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000099967.2, ENSMUST00000102903.8

  8. NM_172868.3 → NP_766456.1  paralemmin-2 isoform 5

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_766456.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK045344, AL954706, BM938241
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS18202.1
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000099968.4, ENSMUST00000102904.10
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam03285
    Location:67 → 376
    Paralemmin; Paralemmin

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000070.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    57434475..57896984
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials