U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

TENT4B terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 64282, updated on 4-Feb-2026
Official Symbol
TENT4Bprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4Bprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:30758
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000121274 MIM:605540; AllianceGenome:HGNC:30758
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
TUT3; PAPD5; TRF4-2
Summary
Enables guanylyltransferase activity; poly(A) RNA polymerase activity; and telomerase RNA binding activity. Involved in RNA metabolic process; carbohydrate homeostasis; and regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process. Located in cytosol; nucleolus; and plasma membrane. Part of TRAMP complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in testis (RPKM 5.4), bone marrow (RPKM 4.7) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
Try the new Gene page
Try the new Transcripts and proteins table
See TENT4B in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
16q12.1
Exon count:
13
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 16 NC_000016.10 (50152911..50235310)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 16 NC_060940.1 (55950748..56033128)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 16 NC_000016.9 (50186822..50269221)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900375 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50186273-50187230 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7475 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7476 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7477 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10808 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10809 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L10 pseudogene 14 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak2589 silencer Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50217888-50218450 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50218451-50219012 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14159 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10810 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8986 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50278238-50278950 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50278951-50279662 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7478 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50280376-50281087 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50288095-50288594 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10811 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10812 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50299606-50300199 Neighboring gene adenylate cyclase 7 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50305212-50306046 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50306047-50306881 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10814 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50317845-50318346 Neighboring gene microRNA 6771 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 2137 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50347343-50348542 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr16:50353005-50354204 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10815 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10816 Neighboring gene bromodomain containing 7 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA U13

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. A Genome-wide CRISPR Screen Identifies ZCCHC14 as a Host Factor Required for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Production. Hyrina A, et al. Cell Rep, 2019 Dec 3. PMID 31801065
  2. Chemical inhibition of PAPD5/7 rescues telomerase function and hematopoiesis in dyskeratosis congenita. Shukla S, et al. Blood Adv, 2020 Jun 23. PMID 32559291, Free PMC Article
  3. PAPD5, a noncanonical poly(A) polymerase with an unusual RNA-binding motif. Rammelt C, et al. RNA, 2011 Sep. PMID 21788334, Free PMC Article
  4. Interaction properties of human TRAMP-like proteins and their role in pre-rRNA 5'ETS turnover. Sudo H, et al. FEBS Lett, 2016 Sep. PMID 27434818
  5. Disruption of Telomerase RNA Maturation Kinetics Precipitates Disease. Roake CM, et al. Mol Cell, 2019 May 16. PMID 30930056, Free PMC Article

See all (57) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. The ZCCHC14/TENT4 complex is required for hepatitis A virus RNA synthesis.
    Title: The ZCCHC14/TENT4 complex is required for hepatitis A virus RNA synthesis.
  2. Chemical inhibition of PAPD5/7 rescues telomerase function and hematopoiesis in dyskeratosis congenita.
    Title: Chemical inhibition of PAPD5/7 rescues telomerase function and hematopoiesis in dyskeratosis congenita.
  3. Viral hijacking of the TENT4-ZCCHC14 complex protects viral RNAs via mixed tailing.
    Title: Viral hijacking of the TENT4-ZCCHC14 complex protects viral RNAs via mixed tailing.
  4. We find that mature hTR derives from extended precursors but that in PARN-mutant cells hTR maturation kinetically stalls and unprocessed precursors are degraded. Loss of poly(A)polymerase PAPD5 in PARN-mutant cells accelerates hTR maturation and restores hTR processing, indicating that oligoadenylation and deadenylation set rates of hTR maturation
    Title: Disruption of Telomerase RNA Maturation Kinetics Precipitates Disease.
  5. TENT4A and TENT4B produce a mixed tail that shields mRNA from rapid deadenylation.
    Title: Mixed tailing by TENT4A and TENT4B shields mRNA from rapid deadenylation.
  6. A novel post-transcriptional regulatory network involving carbohydrate metabolism and glucose homeostasis mediated by GLD4.
    Title: Essential role for non-canonical poly(A) polymerase GLD4 in cytoplasmic polyadenylation and carbohydrate metabolism.
  7. We analyzed the interactions of the human TRAMP-like proteins, PAPD5, ZCCHC7, and MTR4, with the nuclear exosome. PAPD5 and ZCCHC7 exhibited mutual interactions in presence of the exosome catalytic subunit RRP6, whereas MTR4 was dispensable for their assembly
    Title: Interaction properties of human TRAMP-like proteins and their role in pre-rRNA 5'ETS turnover.
  8. PAPD5 and PARN mediate degradation of oncogenic miRNA miR-21.
    Title: PAPD5-mediated 3' adenylation and subsequent degradation of miR-21 is disrupted in proliferative disease.
  9. PAPD5 catalyzes the polyadenylation of different types of RNA substrates in vitro.
    Title: PAPD5, a noncanonical poly(A) polymerase with an unusual RNA-binding motif.
  10. Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ40270

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables RNA binding HDA PubMed 
enables RNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables adenylyltransferase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables guanylyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables guanylyltransferase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables nucleotide binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables nucleotidyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables telomerase RNA binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables transferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in RNA 3'-end processing IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in RNA catabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
involved_in carbohydrate homeostasis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell division IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in histone mRNA catabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in mRNA 3'-end processing IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in mRNA processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in miRNA catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in poly(A)-dependent snoRNA 3'-end processing IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in polyadenylation-dependent ncRNA catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in polyadenylation-dependent ncRNA catabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in rRNA processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of TRAMP complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of TRAMP complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
is_active_in nucleolus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleolus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleolus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleolus TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Preferred Names
terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B
Names
PAP associated domain containing 5
PAP-associated domain-containing protein 5
TUTase 3
non-canonical poly(A) RNA polymerase PAPD5
poly(A) RNA polymerase D5, non-canonical
terminal guanylyltransferase
terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4A
terminal uridylyltransferase 3
topoisomerase-related function protein 4-2
NP_001035374.2
NP_001035375.2
NP_001352252.1
NP_001352253.1
XP_011521577.1
XP_011521578.1
XP_011521580.1
XP_047290431.1
XP_047290432.1
XP_047290433.1
XP_054169633.1
XP_054169634.1
XP_054169635.1
XP_054169636.1
XP_054169637.1
XP_054169638.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001040284.3 → NP_001035374.2  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001035374.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC007597, AC007610, AK300918
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS54006.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G4U4J3, H3BQM0
    Related
    ENSP00000396995.3, ENST00000436909.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG5260
    Location:199 → 471
    TRF4; DNA polymerase sigma [Replication, recombination and repair]

  2. NM_001040285.3 → NP_001035375.2  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform b

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the central coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC007597, AC007610, AK300918, AL833922
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DV38, Q8NDF8, Q9NW67, Q9Y6C0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG5260
    Location:199 → 471
    TRF4; DNA polymerase sigma [Replication, recombination and repair]

  3. NM_001365323.2 → NP_001352252.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform c

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007597, AC007610
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G4U4J3, H3BQM0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG5260
    Location:194 → 466
    TRF4; DNA polymerase sigma [Replication, recombination and repair]

  4. NM_001365324.3 → NP_001352253.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform d

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007597, AC007610
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS92158.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A7N4YH79, G4U4J3, H3BQM0
    Related
    ENSP00000455837.3, ENST00000561678.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG5260
    Location:214 → 486
    TRF4; DNA polymerase sigma [Replication, recombination and repair]

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000016.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    50152911..50235310
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047434476.1 → XP_047290432.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X4

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DV38, Q8NDF8, Q9NW67, Q9Y6C0

  2. XM_011523275.4 → XP_011521577.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G4U4J3, H3BQM0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG5260
    Location:200 → 472
    TRF4; DNA polymerase sigma [Replication, recombination and repair]

  3. XM_011523276.3 → XP_011521578.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DV38, Q8NDF8, Q9NW67, Q9Y6C0
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG5260
    Location:200 → 472
    TRF4; DNA polymerase sigma [Replication, recombination and repair]

  4. XM_011523278.3 → XP_011521580.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X5

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011521580.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q53F79
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    COG5260
    Location:27 → 300
    TRF4; DNA polymerase sigma [Replication, recombination and repair]

  5. XM_047434477.1 → XP_047290433.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q53F79

  6. XM_047434475.1 → XP_047290431.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X3

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DV38, Q8NDF8, Q9NW67, Q9Y6C0

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060940.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    55950748..56033128
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054313661.1 → XP_054169636.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X4

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DV38, Q8NDF8, Q9NW67, Q9Y6C0

  2. XM_054313658.1 → XP_054169633.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    G4U4J3, H3BQM0

  3. XM_054313659.1 → XP_054169634.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DV38, Q8NDF8, Q9NW67, Q9Y6C0

  4. XM_054313662.1 → XP_054169637.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q53F79

  5. XM_054313663.1 → XP_054169638.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q53F79

  6. XM_054313660.1 → XP_054169635.1  terminal nucleotidyltransferase 4B isoform X3

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DV38, Q8NDF8, Q9NW67, Q9Y6C0

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_022447.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_022447.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q8NDF8.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8NDF8

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous