PVR PVR cell adhesion molecule [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5817, updated on 25-Nov-2025

Summary

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Official Symbol: PVRprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: PVR cell adhesion moleculeprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:9705
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000073008 MIM:173850; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9705
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PVS; HVED; CD155; NECL5; TAGE4; Necl-5
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in adrenal (RPKM 7.2), placenta (RPKM 6.6) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

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See PVR in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: 19q13.31

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	19	NC_000019.10 (44643910..44666162)
RS_2025_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	19	NC_060943.1 (47468632..47490944)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	19	NC_000019.9 (45147210..45169430)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Exercise-induced beta2-adrenergic Receptor Activation Enhances the Antileukemic Activity of Expanded gammadelta T-Cells via DNAM-1 Upregulation and PVR/Nectin-2 Recognition.
Title: Exercise-induced β2-adrenergic Receptor Activation Enhances the Antileukemic Activity of Expanded γδ T-Cells via DNAM-1 Upregulation and PVR/Nectin-2 Recognition.
sCD155 as a potential marker for diagnosing the vascular invasion in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
Title: sCD155 as a potential marker for diagnosing the vascular invasion in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
Essential role of CD155 glycosylation in functional binding to DNAM-1 on natural killer cells.
Title: Essential role of CD155 glycosylation in functional binding to DNAM-1 on natural killer cells.
PITPNC1 Suppress CD8[+] T cell immune function and promote radioresistance in rectal cancer by modulating FASN/CD155.
Title: PITPNC1 Suppress CD8(+) T cell immune function and promote radioresistance in rectal cancer by modulating FASN/CD155.
ADAR-mediated RNA editing regulates PVR immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer.
Title: ADAR-mediated RNA editing regulates PVR immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer.
The immune checkpoint TIGIT/CD155 promotes the exhaustion of CD8 + T cells in TNBC through glucose metabolic reprogramming mediated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
Title: The immune checkpoint TIGIT/CD155 promotes the exhaustion of CD8 + T cells in TNBC through glucose metabolic reprogramming mediated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
Brain metastasis-associated fibroblasts secrete fucosylated PVR/CD155 that induces breast cancer invasion.
Title: Brain metastasis-associated fibroblasts secrete fucosylated PVR/CD155 that induces breast cancer invasion.
MicroRNA-326 negatively regulates CD155 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.
Title: MicroRNA-326 negatively regulates CD155 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.
CD155 Is a Potential Biomarker in Basal Cell Carcinoma.
Title: CD155 Is a Potential Biomarker in Basal Cell Carcinoma.
CD155 and its receptors in cancer immune escape and immunotherapy.
Title: CD155 and its receptors in cancer immune escape and immunotherapy.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (118)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Overrepresentation of glutamate signaling in Alzheimer's disease: network-based pathway enrichment using meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Nef	nef	HIV-1 (SF2) Nef downregulates PVR; downregulation is dependent upon the SH3 binding domain in Nef in A3.01 T cells and HeLa TZM-bl cells	PubMed
	nef	HIV-1 downregulates PVR on cell surface in a Nef-dependent manner. HIV-1 Vpu contributes to the activity of Nef on surface PVR downregulation	PubMed
	nef	The Nef proteins from HIV-1 M NL4-3, SIVcpz EK505, and SIVgor CP2139 but not from SIVgsn 166, HIV-1 N CK1.62, and P RBF168, are capable of inducing cell surface downregulation of CD155	PubMed
	nef	HIV-1 Vpu and Nef are both required to alter the subcellular localization of CD155 in perinuclear compartments and thus interfere with the efficient transport of CD155 to the cell surface	PubMed
	nef	NK-cell mediated lysis of HIV-1-infected cells via the interaction between DNAM1 and PVR is reduced by HIV-1 Nef	PubMed
Vpr	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr upregulates PVR expression during HIV-1 infection in CD4+ T-cells	PubMed
	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr-mediated upregulation of PVR (CD155) requires the interaction of Vpr with the DDB1-Cul4A E3 ligase and induction of ATR-mediated DNA damage repair and G2 arrest	PubMed
Vpu	vpu	The Vpu proteins from HIV-1 M NL4-3 and SIVgor CP2139 but not from SIVgsn 166, SIVcpz EK505, HIV-1 N CK1.62, and P RBF168, are capable of inducing cell surface downregulation of CD155	PubMed
	vpu	HIV-1 Vpu and Nef are both required to alter the subcellular localization of CD155 in perinuclear compartments, and thus interfere with the efficient transport of CD155 to the cell surface	PubMed
	vpu	The transmembrane domain of HIV-1 Vpu, particularly A10, A14, and A18, is required for cell surface downregulation of CD155, while the CK-2 phosphorylation sites and the second alpha-helix in the cytoplasmic domain are dispensable	PubMed
	vpu	HIV-1 Vpu contributes to the activity of Nef on surface PVR downregulation	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:9484

SHGC-31865 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:4445

SHGC-144216 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:174173

STS-H99988 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:6036

RH35929 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:48103

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cell adhesion mediator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cell adhesion molecule binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables cell adhesion molecule binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables receptor ligand activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables receptor ligand activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables signaling receptor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables virus receptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables virus receptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell adhesion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in heterophilic cell-cell adhesion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in homophilic cell-cell adhesion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in susceptibility to T cell mediated cytotoxicity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in susceptibility to T cell mediated cytotoxicity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in symbiont entry into host cell	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in adherens junction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cell surface	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in focal adhesion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: poliovirus receptor

Names: nectin-like protein 5

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_008781.2 RefSeqGene

Range

5113..27365

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001135768.3 → NP_001129240.1 poliovirus receptor isoform beta precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129240.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (beta) lacks an internal segment including the putative transmembrane domain, compared to isoform alpha, resulting in its secretion into serum and cerebrospinal fluid.

Source sequence(s)

AC243964, AK300349

Consensus CDS

CCDS46105.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1

Related

ENSP00000385344.3, ENST00000403059.8

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd05718
Location:43 → 142

Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins

cd07703
Location:145 → 240

Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins

smart00410
Location:34 → 141

IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
NM_001135769.3 → NP_001129241.1 poliovirus receptor isoform gamma precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129241.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (gamma) lacks an internal segment including the putative transmembrane domain, compared to isoform alpha, resulting in its secretion into serum and cerebrospinal fluid.

Source sequence(s)

AC243964, AK300349

Consensus CDS

CCDS46106.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1

Related

ENSP00000340870.3, ENST00000344956.8

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd05718
Location:43 → 142

Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins

cd07703
Location:145 → 240

Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins

smart00410
Location:34 → 141

IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
NM_001135770.4 → NP_001129242.2 poliovirus receptor isoform delta precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) has an alternate 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (delta), also known as H20B, has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform alpha.

Source sequence(s)

AC243964, DC400059, M24406

Consensus CDS

CCDS46107.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0A0MSA9, A8K4I1

Related

ENSP00000383907.3, ENST00000406449.8

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd05718
Location:43 → 142

Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins

cd07703
Location:145 → 240

Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins

smart00410
Location:34 → 141

IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
NM_006505.5 → NP_006496.4 poliovirus receptor isoform alpha precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006496.4

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (alpha), also known as H20A.

Source sequence(s)

AC243964, AK290946, AK300349

Consensus CDS

CCDS12640.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B4DTS9, P15151, P15152, Q15267, Q15268, Q96BJ1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0C4DG49, A8K4I1

Related

ENSP00000402060.2, ENST00000425690.8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05718
Location:43 → 142

Ig1_PVR_like; First immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of poliovirus receptor (PVR, also known as CD155) and similar proteins

cd07703
Location:145 → 240

Ig2_Nectin-2_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-2 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 2 or CD112) and similar proteins