PCK1 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: PCK1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:8724
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000124253 MIM:614168; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8724
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PCKDC; PEPCK1; PEPCKC; PEPCK-C
Summary: This gene is a main control point for the regulation of gluconeogenesis. The cytosolic enzyme encoded by this gene, along with GTP, catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from oxaloacetate, with the release of carbon dioxide and GDP. The expression of this gene can be regulated by insulin, glucocorticoids, glucagon, cAMP, and diet. Defects in this gene are a cause of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency. A mitochondrial isozyme of the encoded protein also has been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in liver (RPKM 471.7), kidney (RPKM 448.1) and 4 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
NEW: Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Location:: 20q13.31

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_03	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	20	NC_000020.11 (57561110..57568121)
RS_2023_03	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	20	NC_060944.1 (59338907..59345912)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	20	NC_000020.10 (56136166..56143177)

Chromosome 20 - NC_000020.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help

See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the page Help

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

MiR-93-5P Represses the Gluconeogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma while Boosting Its Glycolysis and Malignant Progression by Suppressing PCK1.
Title: MiR-93-5P Represses the Gluconeogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma while Boosting Its Glycolysis and Malignant Progression by Suppressing PCK1.
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in cell metabolism: Roles and mechanisms beyond gluconeogenesis.
Title: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in cell metabolism: Roles and mechanisms beyond gluconeogenesis.
PCK1 regulates neuroendocrine differentiation in a positive feedback loop of LIF/ZBTB46 signalling in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Title: PCK1 regulates neuroendocrine differentiation in a positive feedback loop of LIF/ZBTB46 signalling in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 deficiency promotes CHK2 O-GlcNAcylation and hepatocellular carcinoma growth upon glucose deprivation.
Title: Gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 deficiency promotes CHK2 O-GlcNAcylation and hepatocellular carcinoma growth upon glucose deprivation.
Self-acetylation at the active site of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) controls enzyme activity.
Title: Self-acetylation at the active site of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) controls enzyme activity.
Novel missense variants in PCK1 gene cause cytosolic PEPCK deficiency with growth failure from inadequate caloric intake.
Title: Novel missense variants in PCK1 gene cause cytosolic PEPCK deficiency with growth failure from inadequate caloric intake.
Association of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 protein kinase activity-dependent sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 activation with prognosis of oesophageal carcinoma.
Title: Association of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 protein kinase activity-dependent sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 activation with prognosis of oesophageal carcinoma.
Recognition of the gluconeogenic enzyme, Pck1, via the Gid4 E3 ligase: An in silico perspective.
Title: Recognition of the gluconeogenic enzyme, Pck1, via the Gid4 E3 ligase: An in silico perspective.
Hepatocellular carcinoma cell-derived extracellular vesicles encapsulated microRNA-584-5p facilitates angiogenesis through PCK1-mediated nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 signaling pathway.
Title: Hepatocellular carcinoma cell-derived extracellular vesicles encapsulated microRNA-584-5p facilitates angiogenesis through PCK1-mediated nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 signaling pathway.
Hypoxia increases the rate of renal gluconeogenesis via hypoxia-inducible factor-1-dependent activation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression.
Title: Hypoxia increases the rate of renal gluconeogenesis via hypoxia-inducible factor-1-dependent activation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (56)

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency, cytosolic MedGen: C5574905 OMIM: 261680 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study identifies a novel locus contributing to type 2 diabetes susceptibility in Sikhs of Punjabi origin from India. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Preliminary evidence of genetic determinants of adiponectin response to fenofibrate in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
Knockdown of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) by siRNA inhibits HIV-1 replication in HeLa P4/R5 cells	PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
integrase	gag-pol	Interaction of human PCK1 with HIV-1 integrase is presumed based on a reported binding interaction between yeast PCK1 and integrase	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

RH64136 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:25176

Pck1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:461927

SHGC-1372 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:29838

D20S1148 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:41692

SHGC-35332 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:11485

Homology

Homologs of the PCK1 gene: The PCK1 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, zebrafish, fruit fly, and frog.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 484 organisms have orthologs with human gene PCK1
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables carboxylic acid binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables magnesium ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables manganese ion binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables manganese ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity	EXP Inferred from Experiment more info	PubMed
enables phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
enables phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein serine kinase activity (using GTP as donor)	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to potassium ion starvation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in gluconeogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in gluconeogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in gluconeogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in gluconeogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in gluconeogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in gluconeogenesis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glucose metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in glycerol biosynthetic process from pyruvate	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in glycerol biosynthetic process from pyruvate	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in hepatocyte differentiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in oxaloacetate metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of memory T cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to acidic pH	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in propionate catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of lipid biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to bacterium	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to insulin	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to starvation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in tricarboxylic acid metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help

Preferred Names: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]

Names: PEP carboxykinase; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (soluble); phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; phosphopyruvate carboxylase; serine-protein kinase PCK1

NP_002582.3

EC 4.1.1.32

XP_024307656.1

EC 4.1.1.32

XP_054179443.1

EC 4.1.1.32

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_008205.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5030..12041

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_002591.4 → NP_002582.3 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002582.3

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AL035541, AW007566, BC023978, BJ993061, BM758256, DB187814

Consensus CDS

CCDS13460.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P35558, Q9UJD2

Related

ENSP00000319814.4, ENST00000319441.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00819
Location:27 → 615

PEPCK_GTP; Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), a critical gluconeogenic enzyme, catalyzes the first committed step in the diversion of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates toward gluconeogenesis. It catalyzes the reversible decarboxylation and ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_03

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000020.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

57561110..57568121

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_024451888.2 → XP_024307656.1 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP] isoform X1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00819
Location:4 → 483

PEPCK_GTP; Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), a critical gluconeogenic enzyme, catalyzes the first committed step in the diversion of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates toward gluconeogenesis. It catalyzes the reversible decarboxylation and ...