LGALS1 galectin 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: LGALS1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: galectin 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:6561
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000100097 MIM:150570
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: GBP; GAL1
Summary: The galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins implicated in modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. This gene product may act as an autocrine negative growth factor that regulates cell proliferation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Broad expression in fat (RPKM 642.6), endometrium (RPKM 479.1) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all

Genomic context

Location:: 22q13.1

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
109	current	GRCh38.p12 (GCF_000001405.38)	22	NC_000022.11 (37675606..37679802)
105	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	22	NC_000022.10 (38071613..38075809)

Chromosome 22 - NC_000022.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into FunctionsWhat's a GeneRIF?

Silencing Gal-1 impaired invasiveness, and decreased S1PR1 expression and overexpression in gastric cancer can promote the expression of S1PR1and invasion of gastric cancer cells.
Title: Galectin-1 Promotes Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Through a Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1-Dependent Mechanism.
Association of galectin-1 expression with eosinophilic infiltration of the tumor tissue in stomach and colorectal cancer was detected.
Title: Expression of Galectins-1 and Galectin-3 in Stomach and Colorectal Cancer with Tissue Eosinophilia.
Study shows that recombinant Galectin-1 (Gal-1) could promote the differentiation and invasion of Trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), suggesting that some of Ishikawa cells secretion increase the expression of Gal-1 in TSCs during implantation, which then induced trophoblast differentiation and invasion in vitro.
Title: Impact of Galectin-1 on Trophoblast Stem Cell Differentiation and Invasion in In Vitro Implantation Model.
In conclusion, these findings suggest that the serum levels of Gal-1, Gal-3, and Gal-9 may be associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke.
Title: Serum levels of galectin-1, galectin-3, and galectin-9 are associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke.
High LGALS1 expression is associated with fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
Title: Galectin-1 expression in activated pancreatic satellite cells promotes fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis/pancreatic cancer via the TGF-β1/Smad pathway.
Pancreatic stellate cells promote cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion via Gal1-driven pathways. Gene-expression analyses of pancreatic tumor cells exposed to Gal1 reveal modulation of multiple regulatory pathways involved in tumor progression.
Title: Targeting galectin-1 inhibits pancreatic cancer progression by modulating tumor-stroma crosstalk.
Studies indicate tumor-derived galectin-1, galectin-3 and galectin-9 in various cancers and anticancer therapies that target these molecules [Review].
Title: Role of Galectins in Tumors and in Clinical Immunotherapy.
The expression level of galectin-1 affects survival in patients with glioblastoma multiforme treated with adjuvant radiotherapy
Title: Galectin-1 is a poor prognostic factor in patients with glioblastoma multiforme after radiotherapy.
Results show that Galectin-1 teams up with Galectin-3 to induce inflammatory/pro-degradative gene signature in human chondrocytes affecting the progression of osteoarthritis. Also, Galectin-3 was found to induce a pro-degradative-inflammatory gene signature in human chondrocytes, teaming up with Galectin-1 in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
Title: Galectin-3 Induces a Pro-degradative/inflammatory Gene Signature in Human Chondrocytes, Teaming Up with Galectin-1 in Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis.
We also found a subset of prostate cancer patient-derived xenografts and prostate cancer patient samples with mild HO-1 and low Gal-1 expression levels. These results highlight a novel function of a human-used drug as a means of boosting the antitumor response
Title: <i>In Vivo</i> Hemin Conditioning Targets the Vascular and Immunologic Compartments and Restrains Prostate Tumor Development.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (308)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

NHGRI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genes linked to energy metabolism and immunoregulatory mechanisms are associated with subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution in HIV-infected men. NHGRI GWA Catalog NHGRI GWA CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	Galectin 1 binds to HIV-1 gp120 by recognizing clustered CX glycan patches of gp120 in a beta-galactoside-dependent manner. CD4 plays a role as a ligand for the binding between Galectin 1 and gp120	PubMed
	env	Galectin-1, a dimeric beta-galactoside-binding protein, promotes infection with CCR5-tropic, CXCR4-tropic, and CCR5/CXCR4 dual-tropic HIV-1 variants by facilitating attachment of HIV-1 gp120 to CD4 at the cell surface	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from BioSystems

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Validated targets of C-MYC transcriptional repression, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Validated targets of C-MYC transcriptional repression, organism-specific biosystem
Validated targets of C-MYC transcriptional repression

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH48064 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:4997

WI-18867 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:12186

Homology

Homologs of the LGALS1 gene: The LGALS1 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, zebrafish, and frog.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 194 organisms have orthologs with human gene LGALS1
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
RNA binding	HDA more info	PubMed
lactose binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
laminin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
protein homodimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
T cell costimulation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cellular protein metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cellular response to organic cyclic compound	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
myoblast differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
negative regulation of neuron projection development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
plasma cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	HMP more info	PubMed
NOT positive regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
positive regulation of erythrocyte aggregation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
positive regulation of viral entry into host cell	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
post-translational protein modification	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
regulation of apoptotic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
response to axon injury	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
response to drug	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
response to isolation stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
cell surface	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with collagen-containing extracellular matrix	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
cytoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
extracellular region	HDA more info	PubMed
extracellular space	HDA more info	PubMed
nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: galectin-1

Names: 14 kDa laminin-binding protein; 14 kDa lectin; HBL; HLBP14; HPL; S-Lac lectin 1; beta-galactoside-binding lectin L-14-I; beta-galactoside-binding protein 14kDa; epididymis secretory sperm binding protein; gal-1; galaptin; lactose-binding lectin 1; lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 1; putative MAPK-activating protein PM12

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.