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HLA-DMB major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3109, updated on 11-Jun-2025
Official Symbol
HLA-DMBprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM betaprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:4935
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000242574 MIM:142856; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4935
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
RING7; D6S221E
Summary
HLA-DMB belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DMA) and a beta (DMB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It is located in intracellular vesicles. DM plays a central role in the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP (class II-associated invariant chain peptide) molecule from the peptide binding site. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Broad expression in lymph node (RPKM 104.0), spleen (RPKM 76.5) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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See HLA-DMB in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
6p21.32
Exon count:
6
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (32934636..32941028, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (32755985..32762378, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (32902413..32908805, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 2 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100294145 Neighboring gene major histocompatibility complex, class I, Z (pseudogene) Neighboring gene meiotic recombination hotspot DMB2 Neighboring gene meiotic recombination hotspot DMB1 Neighboring gene major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM alpha Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901302 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:32935448-32935987

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV envelope protein gp120 can specifically inhibit CD4-dependent class II MHC-restricted T cell response to Ag PubMed
env Amino acid residues 42-49 in the V1 region of CD4 are involved in the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env Processing of HIV-1 gp160 to gp120 and gp41 is necessary for the association of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins with class II MHC PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env Soluble HIV-1 gp41 can selectively enhance MHC class I and II expression on human B cells, but does not increase expression of other cell surface antigens such as CD21 and CD54 (ICAM-1) PubMed
env Soluble HIV-1 gp41 enhancement effects on MHC class I and II antigen expression can be inhibited by soluble gp41-binding proteins of 45, 49 and 62 kD from human B cells PubMed
env A 43-amino-acid sequence between amino acids 708 and 750 in the HIV-1 gp41(TM) cytoplasmic tail is required for efficient incorporation of HLA class II proteins into virions PubMed
Nef nef Expression of patient-derived HIV-1 nef alleles downregulates MHC-II cell surface expression in activated CD4+ T cells PubMed
nef HIV-1 group N and group O Nef alleles only weakly downregulate CD4, CD28, and class I and II MHC molecules PubMed
nef HIV-1 Nef expression inhibits MHC II presentation of viral antigens in infected antigen-presenting cells PubMed
nef Nef-triggered MHCII endocytosis requires Rab5 activity and lyst function, whereas lysosomal trafficking of internalized MHCII molecules requires Rab7 activity PubMed
Pr55(Gag) gag HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles efficiently activate human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) and induce MDDC maturation with an associated increase in the surface expression of CD80, CD86 and MHC classes I and II PubMed
gag Two peptides of the CA domain of HIV-1 Gag, VDRFYKTLRAEQASQ and DRFYKLTRAEQASQ, are presented on MHC II molecules of dendritic cells and have similar sensitivity for antigen-specific T cells PubMed
gag HIV-1 Gag virus-like particle-induced monocyte activation is shown by upregulation of molecules involved in antigen presentation (MHC II, CD80, CD86) and cell adhesion (CD54) PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat downregulates expression of MHC class II genes in antigen-presenting cells (APC) by inhibiting the transactivator of MHC class II genes, CIITA PubMed
Vpu vpu HIV-1 Vpu interacts with CD74 and modulates MHC II in HIV-1-infected cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables MHC class II protein complex binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables MHC class II protein complex binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables peptide antigen binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in MHC class II protein complex assembly IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in adaptive immune response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in antigen processing and presentation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in immune response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in immune system process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in peptide antigen assembly with MHC class II protein complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in peptide antigen assembly with MHC class II protein complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of T cell activation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of T cell proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of immune response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of MHC class II protein complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
part_of MHC class II protein complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
part_of MHC class II protein complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in endosome IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
is_active_in late endosome membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in late endosome membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in late endosome membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
is_active_in lysosomal membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in lysosomal membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in lysosomal membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in lysosomal membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in lysosome IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Preferred Names
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain
Names
MHC class II HLA-DMB
MHC class II antigen DMB
MHC class II antigen HLA-DM beta chain
class II histocompatibility antigen, M beta chain
really interesting new gene 7 protein

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_002118.5NP_002109.2  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002109.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    CD742571, EL948395, U15085
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS4760.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O77936, P28068, Q13012, Q29751, Q58ZE2, Q5SNZ8, Q5STC4, Q9XRX2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A1V0E3P2, X5CKA5
    Related
    ENSP00000398890.2, ENST00000418107.3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd05766
    Location:115209
    IgC_MHC_II_beta; Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) beta chain immunoglobulin domain
    pfam00969
    Location:27106
    MHC_II_beta; Class II histocompatibility antigen, beta domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    32934636..32941028 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

Genomic

  1. NT_167244.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

    Range
    4239481..4245873 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_2

Genomic

  1. NT_113891.3 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_2

    Range
    4346831..4353223 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_3

Genomic

  1. NT_167245.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_3

    Range
    4178165..4184557 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_4

Genomic

  1. NT_167246.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_4

    Range
    4354004..4360396 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_5

Genomic

  1. NT_167247.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_5

    Range
    4233679..4240071 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_6

Genomic

  1. NT_167248.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_6

    Range
    4128944..4135335 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_7

Genomic

  1. NT_167249.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_7

    Range
    4333869..4340261 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    32755985..32762378 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)