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FGG fibrinogen gamma chain [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 2266, updated on 17-Sep-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
FGGprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
fibrinogen gamma chainprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:3694
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000171557 MIM:134850; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3694
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is the gamma component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including dysfibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia and thrombophilia. Alternative splicing results in transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]
Expression
Restricted expression toward liver (RPKM 3614.5) See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See FGG in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q32.1
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (154604136..154612656, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (157935943..157944463, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (155525288..155533808, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene fibrinogen beta chain Neighboring gene fibrinogen alpha chain Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs1706 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22080 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900169 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15768 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs1707 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr4:155640039-155641238 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:155641835-155642399 Neighboring gene NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B2 pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:155662965-155663478 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:155663479-155663990 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:155663991-155664503 Neighboring gene lecithin retinol acyltransferase

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Congenital afibrinogenemia
MedGen: C2584774 OMIM: 202400 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs
Familial dysfibrinogenemia
MedGen: C0272350 OMIM: 616004 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association study for venous thromboembolism: the extended cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Assessment of genetic determinants of the association of γ' fibrinogen in relation to cardiovascular disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetic predictors of fibrin D-dimer levels in healthy adults.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetics of venous thrombosis: insights from a new genome wide association study.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Novel loci, including those related to Crohn disease, psoriasis, and inflammation, identified in a genome-wide association study of fibrinogen in 17 686 women: the Women's Genome Health Study.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables cell adhesion molecule binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables extracellular matrix structural constituent HDA PubMed 
enables extracellular matrix structural constituent RCA
inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis
more info
PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables signaling receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables signaling receptor binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables structural molecule activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cell-matrix adhesion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in cell-matrix adhesion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to interleukin-1 IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to interleukin-6 IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in fibrinolysis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in plasminogen activation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in platelet aggregation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in platelet aggregation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in platelet maturation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of exocytosis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of vasoconstriction IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein polymerization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein secretion IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in protein-containing complex assembly IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to calcium ion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 

General protein information

Preferred Names
fibrinogen gamma chain
Names
fibrinogen, gamma polypeptide
testicular tissue protein Li 70

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_008834.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5095..13615
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_585

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000509.6NP_000500.2  fibrinogen gamma chain isoform gamma-A precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000500.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (gamma-A) is the predominant transcript and is shorter than variant gamma-B. Variant gamma-A encodes isoform gamma-A, which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform gamma-B.
    Source sequence(s)
    AW014527, BC021674, BX382942
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS47153.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A140VJJ6, C9JEU5
    Related
    ENSP00000384860.3, ENST00000404648.7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cl00085
    Location:175414
    FReD; Fibrinogen-related domains (FReDs); C terminal globular domain of fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is involved in blood clotting, being activated by thrombin to assemble into fibrin clots. The N-termini of 2 times 3 chains come together to form a globular ...
    pfam08702
    Location:31172
    Fib_alpha; Fibrinogen alpha/beta chain family
  2. NM_021870.3NP_068656.2  fibrinogen gamma chain isoform gamma-B precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_068656.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (gamma-B) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (gamma-B).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC107385, AI808530, AL531173, BC007044, BG567044
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3788.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K057, P02679, P04469, P04470, Q53Y18, Q96A14, Q96KJ3, Q9UC62, Q9UC63, Q9UCF3
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    C9JC84
    Related
    ENSP00000336829.3, ENST00000336098.8
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08702
    Location:31172
    Fib_alpha; Fibrinogen alpha/beta chain family
    cl00085
    Location:175414
    FReD; Fibrinogen-related domains (FReDs); C terminal globular domain of fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is involved in blood clotting, being activated by thrombin to assemble into fibrin clots. The N-termini of 2 times 3 chains come together to form a globular ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    154604136..154612656 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    157935943..157944463 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)