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Per3 period circadian clock 3 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 18628, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Per3provided by MGI
Official Full Name
period circadian clock 3provided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:1277134
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000028957 AllianceGenome:MGI:1277134
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
mPer3; 2810049O06Rik
Summary
This gene is a member of the Period family of genes and is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Genes in this family encode components of the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior. This gene is upregulated by Clock/Arntl heterodimers but then represses this upregulation in a feedback loop using Per/Cry heterodimers to interact with Clock/Arntl. Polymorphisms in this gene have been linked to sleep disorders. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]
Expression
Broad expression in bladder adult (RPKM 14.0), cortex adult (RPKM 6.1) and 22 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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See Per3 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4 E2; 4 81.53 cM
Exon count:
23
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 4 NC_000070.7 (151081475..151129167, complement)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 4 NC_000070.6 (150997018..151044707, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000070.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E6289 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 23405 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 30120 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E1294 Neighboring gene urotensin 2 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 38529 Neighboring gene vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 Neighboring gene calmodulin binding transcription activator 1 Neighboring gene predicted gene 13090

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Essential role of 3'-untranslated region-mediated mRNA decay in circadian oscillations of mouse Period3 mRNA. Kwak E, et al. J Biol Chem, 2006 Jul 14. PMID 16684777
  2. Tissue-specific function of Period3 in circadian rhythmicity. Pendergast JS, et al. PLoS One, 2012. PMID 22253927, Free PMC Article
  3. A promoter polymorphism in the Per3 gene is associated with alcohol and stress response. Wang X, et al. Transl Psychiatry, 2012 Jan 31. PMID 22832735, Free PMC Article
  4. Cell type-specific functions of period genes revealed by novel adipocyte and hepatocyte circadian clock models. Ramanathan C, et al. PLoS Genet, 2014 Apr. PMID 24699442, Free PMC Article
  5. Circadian rhythm gene period 3 is an inhibitor of the adipocyte cell fate. Costa MJ, et al. J Biol Chem, 2011 Mar 18. PMID 21228270, Free PMC Article

See all (88) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Clock gene Per3 deficiency disrupts circadian alterations of gut microbiota in mice.
    Title: Clock gene Per3 deficiency disrupts circadian alterations of gut microbiota in mice.
  2. The studies demonstrate that the Per1, Per2, and Par3 genes are not necessary for the expression of food anticipatory activity in mice.
    Title: mPeriod2 (Brdm1) and other single Period mutant mice have normal food anticipatory activity.
  3. Period genes not only orchestrate dynamic changes in metabolic activity, but also regulate homeostatic self-renewal of hepatocytes through Mkp1-Erk1/2 signaling pathway.
    Title: Circadian clock regulates hepatic polyploidy by modulating Mkp1-Erk1/2 signaling pathway.
  4. When treated with imipramine, neither Per3(-/-) nor WT mice exhibited an anhedonia-like phenotype, and neither genotypes exhibited a delay in behavioural timing in responses to dLAN. While the association between both Per3(-/-) phenotypes remains unclear, both are alleviated by imipramine treatment during dim night-time light.
    Title: Transient anhedonia phenotype and altered circadian timing of behaviour during night-time dim light exposure in Per3(-/-) mice, but not wildtype mice.
  5. The findings demonstrate that Per3 has a major role in the APC clock and regulates adipogenesis in vivo.
    Title: The Circadian Clock Regulates Adipogenesis by a Per3 Crosstalk Pathway to Klf15.
  6. TFEB regulates PER3 expression via glucose-dependent effects on CLOCK/BMAL1
    Title: TFEB regulates PER3 expression via glucose-dependent effects on CLOCK/BMAL1.
  7. Post-transcriptional mRNA stability modulation controls the phase for circadian mPer3 expression.
    Title: Rhythmic control of mRNA stability modulates circadian amplitude of mouse Period3 mRNA.
  8. Per3 is involved in the suppression of behavioural activity in direct response to light.
    Title: The effect of different photoperiods in circadian rhythms of per3 knockout mice.
  9. evidence for an association of PER3 polymorphisms with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
    Title: PER2 rs2304672, CLOCK rs1801260, and PER3 rs57875989 polymorphisms are not associated with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
  10. Our data provide strong evidence that variation in the Per3 transcript is causally associated with and also responsive to stress and alcohol.
    Title: A promoter polymorphism in the Per3 gene is associated with alcohol and stress response.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 
  • Targeted (7)  1 citation

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables kinase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables transcription corepressor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within circadian rhythm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in protein stabilization ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in protein stabilization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
period circadian protein homolog 3
Names
circadian clock protein PERIOD 3
period homolog 3

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001289877.1 → NP_001276806.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform 1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AL607143
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd00130
    Location:280 → 372
    PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:908 → 1111
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  2. NM_001289878.1 → NP_001276807.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform 3

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains an alternate exon and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) is shorter at the N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL607143
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam12114
    Location:701 → 797
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  3. NM_011067.3 → NP_035197.2  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_035197.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice junction at the 5' end of an exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has the same N- and C-termini but is 1 aa shorter compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL607143
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS18978.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2A894, O70361
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000099493.5, ENSMUST00000103204.11
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd00130
    Location:280 → 372
    PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:907 → 1110
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000070.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    151081475..151129167 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_036163827.1 → XP_036019720.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X7

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:864 → 1040
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  2. XM_017320034.3 → XP_017175523.2  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:905 → 1081
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  3. XM_017320032.3 → XP_017175521.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:906 → 1082
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  4. XM_017320033.3 → XP_017175522.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:906 → 1082
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  5. XM_017320031.3 → XP_017175520.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:907 → 1083
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  6. XM_030253311.2 → XP_030109171.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X8

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam12114
    Location:591 → 767
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  7. XM_017320036.3 → XP_017175525.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X9

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam12114
    Location:588 → 764
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  8. XM_036163826.1 → XP_036019719.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:905 → 1109
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

  9. XM_011250203.4 → XP_011248505.1  period circadian protein homolog 3 isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B9EIT7
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam08447
    Location:280 → 368
    PAS_3; PAS fold
    pfam12114
    Location:906 → 1110
    Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

RNA

  1. XR_004941847.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_004941849.1 RNA Sequence

  3. XR_004941848.1 RNA Sequence

  4. XR_004941846.1 RNA Sequence

  5. XR_004941845.1 RNA Sequence

  6. XR_004941844.1 RNA Sequence

  7. XR_003954892.2 RNA Sequence

  8. XR_004941850.1 RNA Sequence

  9. XR_001784108.3 RNA Sequence

  10. XR_004941843.1 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O70361.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O70361

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