Gnai2 G protein subunit alpha i2 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gnai2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: G protein subunit alpha i2provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:95772
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000032562 AllianceGenome:MGI:95772
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Gia; Hg1c; Gnai-2; Galphai2
Summary: Predicted to enable several functions, including G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding activity; GTP binding activity; and GTPase activity. Involved in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission. Acts upstream of or within G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway; adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; and cell population proliferation. Located in cell body and dendrite. Is active in hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse and neuronal dense core vesicle. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; genitourinary system; nervous system; respiratory system; and sensory organ. Used to study inflammatory bowel disease 12. Orthologous to human GNAI2 (G protein subunit alpha i2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in lung adult (RPKM 259.7), thymus adult (RPKM 238.6) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9 F1; 9 58.43 cM

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	9	NC_000075.7 (107491324..107512542, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	9	NC_000075.6 (107614125..107635391, complement)

Chromosome 9 - NC_000075.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

RGS12 polarizes the GPSM2-GNAI complex to organize and elongate stereocilia in sensory hair cells.
Title: RGS12 polarizes the GPSM2-GNAI complex to organize and elongate stereocilia in sensory hair cells.
Effects of Galphai2 and Galphaz protein knockdown on alpha2A-adrenergic and cannabinoid CB1 receptor regulation of MEK-ERK and FADD pathways in mouse cerebral cortex.
Title: Effects of Gαi(2) and Gαz protein knockdown on alpha(2A)-adrenergic and cannabinoid CB(1) receptor regulation of MEK-ERK and FADD pathways in mouse cerebral cortex.
Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(i) Subunit Alpha 2 Exacerbates NASH Progression by Regulating Peroxiredoxin 1-Related Inflammation and Lipophagy.
Title: Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(i) Subunit Alpha 2 Exacerbates NASH Progression by Regulating Peroxiredoxin 1-Related Inflammation and Lipophagy.
Unrestrained Galphai2 Signaling Disrupts Neutrophil Trafficking, Aging, and Clearance.
Title: Unrestrained Gα(i2) Signaling Disrupts Neutrophil Trafficking, Aging, and Clearance.
Translational control by DHX36 binding to 5'UTR G-quadruplex is essential for muscle stem-cell regenerative functions.
Title: Translational control by DHX36 binding to 5'UTR G-quadruplex is essential for muscle stem-cell regenerative functions.
Mice with an RGS-insensitive Galphai2 protein show growth hormone axis dysfunction.
Title: Mice with an RGS-insensitive Gα(i2) protein show growth hormone axis dysfunction.
S-nitrosylation-mediated coupling of G-protein alpha-2 with CXCR5 induces Hippo/YAP-dependent diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis.
Title: S-nitrosylation-mediated coupling of G-protein alpha-2 with CXCR5 induces Hippo/YAP-dependent diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis.
Lack of Galphai2 proteins in adipocytes attenuates diet-induced obesity.
Title: Lack of Gα(i2) proteins in adipocytes attenuates diet-induced obesity.
EMX2-GPR156-Galphai reverses hair cell orientation in mechanosensory epithelia.
Title: EMX2-GPR156-Gαi reverses hair cell orientation in mechanosensory epithelia.
Galphai2(+) vomeronasal neurons govern the initial outcome of an acute social competition.
Title: Gαi2(+) vomeronasal neurons govern the initial outcome of an acute social competition.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (67)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (5) 1 citation
Targeted (6) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

MTH320 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:131844

D9Mit278.2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:131845

Gnai2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:496669

Gnai2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:496670

D9Dcr101 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:499003

Gnai2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:506940

RH125971 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:162683

M13963 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:124916

BI273769 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:248822

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTP binding	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info	PubMed
involved_in cell division	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cell division	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell population proliferation	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of synaptic transmission	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of superoxide anion generation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of superoxide anion generation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of urine volume	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of urine volume	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of calcium ion transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of calcium ion transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of heart contraction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cell body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in centrosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in centrosome	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in dendrite	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in midbody	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in midbody	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
is_active_in neuronal dense core vesicle	EXP Inferred from Experiment more info	PubMed
is_active_in neuronal dense core vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2

Names: adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2; heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1c

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.