Gnai1 G protein subunit alpha i1 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gnai1provided by MGI
Official Full Name: G protein subunit alpha i1provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:95771
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000057614 AllianceGenome:MGI:95771
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Hg1b; Gnai-1; Gialpha1
Summary: Enables adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity. Involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and negative regulation of insulin secretion. Is active in plasma membrane. Is expressed in several structures, including early conceptus; forelimb; gut; nervous system; and reproductive system. Orthologous to human GNAI1 (G protein subunit alpha i1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression: Broad expression in frontal lobe adult (RPKM 36.7), cerebellum adult (RPKM 28.5) and 17 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5 A3; 5 8.16 cM

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	5	NC_000071.7 (18470133..18565411, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	5	NC_000071.6 (18265135..18360413, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000071.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Galphai1/3 mediate Netrin-1-CD146-activated signaling and angiogenesis.
Title: Gαi1/3 mediate Netrin-1-CD146-activated signaling and angiogenesis.
In Vivo Metabolic Roles of G Proteins of the Gi Family Studied With Novel Mouse Models.
Title: In Vivo Metabolic Roles of G Proteins of the Gi Family Studied With Novel Mouse Models.
Allosteric Inhibition of Adenylyl Cyclase Type 5 by G-Protein: A Molecular Dynamics Study.
Title: Allosteric Inhibition of Adenylyl Cyclase Type 5 by G-Protein: A Molecular Dynamics Study.
Requirement of Galphai1 and Galphai3 in interleukin-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response.
Title: Requirement of Gαi1 and Gαi3 in interleukin-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response.
Adipocyte Gi signaling is essential for maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.
Title: Adipocyte G(i) signaling is essential for maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.
AC6 is tightly regulated by intrinsic receptor-independent Gi activity.
Title: Constitutive inhibitory G protein activity upon adenylyl cyclase-dependent cardiac contractility is limited to adenylyl cyclase type 6.
This study presents an unexpected proinflammatory switch from Galphas to GalphaI glp1r signaling in burn monocytes which promotes ERK1/2 and NF-kappaB activation
Title: Proinflammatory switch from Gαs to Gαi signaling by Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in murine splenic monocyte following burn injury.
Gnai1 function is impaired in the spinal cord of Ews/Ewsr1 KO mice
Title: Integrated analysis of omics data using microRNA-target mRNA network and PPI network reveals regulation of Gnai1 function in the spinal cord of Ews/Ewsr1 KO mice.
LGN and Galphai participate in a long-inferred signal that originates outside the bundle to model its staircase-like architecture, a property that is essential for direction sensitivity to mechanical deflection and hearing.
Title: A link between planar polarity and staircase-like bundle architecture in hair cells.
stimulation of GPR17 by the small molecule agonist MDL29,951 (2-carboxy-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-3-propionic acid) decreases myelin basic protein expression levels mainly by triggering the Galphai/o signaling pathway.
Title: The Orphan G Protein-coupled Receptor GPR17 Negatively Regulates Oligodendrocyte Differentiation via Gαi/o and Its Downstream Effector Molecules.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (32)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (2)
Targeted (5) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Gnai1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:496668

RH127936 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:211246

AU046200 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:159347

Gnai1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143226

R75299 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:186267

RH94471 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119719

Gnai1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:498382

Gnai1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:498430

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables D2 dopamine receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables D2 dopamine receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables G protein activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables G protein activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GDP binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables GDP binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTP binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables GTP binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables GTPase activating protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables GTPase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables GTPase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables adenylate cyclase regulator activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables adenylate cyclase regulator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables guanyl nucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hydrolase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables magnesium ion binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables magnesium ion binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in T cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in T cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell division	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cell division	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cellular response to forskolin	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to forskolin	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of insulin secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to prostaglandin E	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to prostaglandin E	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in Golgi apparatus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cell cortex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell cortex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cell cortex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in centriolar satellite	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in centriolar satellite	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in centrosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in centrosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in centrosome	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in ciliary basal body	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in ciliary basal body	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in midbody	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in midbody	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in midbody	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in nucleolus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleolus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in postsynapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of protein-containing complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

Names: adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 1; guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha inhibiting 1; heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1b

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.