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    FFAR2 free fatty acid receptor 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2867, updated on 23-May-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    FFAR2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    free fatty acid receptor 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4501
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000126262 MIM:603823; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4501
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    FFA2R; GPR43
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the GP40 family of G protein-coupled receptors that are clustered together on chromosome 19. The encoded protein is a receptor for short chain free fatty acids and may be involved in the inflammatory response and in regulating lipid plasma levels. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
    Expression
    Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 7.9), bone marrow (RPKM 5.6) and 11 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See FFAR2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19q13.12
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (35448257..35451767)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (37992993..37996503)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (35939159..35942669)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1531 Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 491, pseudogene Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101927522 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr19:35923796-35924995 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:35927445-35928408 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:35928409-35929370 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14478 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14479 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14480 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10526 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14481 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:35959455-35960028 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:35961751-35962324 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10527 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904703 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:35985748-35986694 Neighboring gene keratinocyte differentiation associated protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Butyrate dictates ferroptosis sensitivity through FFAR2-mTOR signaling. Wang G, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2023 Apr 25. PMID 37185889, Free PMC Article
    2. Constitutively active GPR43 is crucial for proper leukocyte differentiation. Miyasato S, et al. FASEB J, 2023 Jan. PMID 36468834
    3. Allosteric targeting of the FFA2 receptor (GPR43) restores responsiveness of desensitized human neutrophils. Frei R, et al. J Leukoc Biol, 2021 Apr. PMID 32803826, Free PMC Article
    4. Oncoprotective Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Uterine Cervical Neoplasia. Matsuya-Ogawa M, et al. Nutr Cancer, 2019. PMID 30836015
    5. Characterisation of small molecule ligands 4CMTB and 2CTAP as modulators of human FFA2 receptor signalling. Schofield ZV, et al. Sci Rep, 2018 Dec 13. PMID 30546040, Free PMC Article

    See all (65) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Short chain fatty acids inhibit corneal inflammatory responses to TLR ligands via the ocular G-protein coupled receptor 43.
      Title: Short chain fatty acids inhibit corneal inflammatory responses to TLR ligands via the ocular G-protein coupled receptor 43.
    2. Disordered GPR43/NLRP3 expression in peripheral leukocytes of patients with atrial fibrillation is associated with intestinal short chain fatty acids levels.
      Title: Disordered GPR43/NLRP3 expression in peripheral leukocytes of patients with atrial fibrillation is associated with intestinal short chain fatty acids levels.
    3. Phosphorylation bar-coding of free fatty acid receptor 2 is generated in a tissue-specific manner.
      Title: Phosphorylation bar-coding of free fatty acid receptor 2 is generated in a tissue-specific manner.
    4. Dietary Fiber Improves Skin Wound Healing and Scar Formation through the Metabolite-Sensing Receptor GPR43.
      Title: Dietary Fiber Improves Skin Wound Healing and Scar Formation through the Metabolite-Sensing Receptor GPR43.
    5. Butyrate dictates ferroptosis sensitivity through FFAR2-mTOR signaling.
      Title: Butyrate dictates ferroptosis sensitivity through FFAR2-mTOR signaling.
    6. Upregulated expression of FFAR2 and SOC3 genes is associated with gout.
      Title: Upregulated expression of FFAR2 and SOC3 genes is associated with gout.
    7. Constitutively active GPR43 is crucial for proper leukocyte differentiation.
      Title: Constitutively active GPR43 is crucial for proper leukocyte differentiation.
    8. GPR Expression in Intestinal Biopsies From SCT Patients Is Upregulated in GvHD and Is Suppressed by Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics.
      Title: GPR Expression in Intestinal Biopsies From SCT Patients Is Upregulated in GvHD and Is Suppressed by Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics.
    9. GPR43 deficiency protects against podocyte insulin resistance in diabetic nephropathy through the restoration of AMPKalpha activity.
      Title: GPR43 deficiency protects against podocyte insulin resistance in diabetic nephropathy through the restoration of AMPKα activity.
    10. Allosteric targeting of the FFA2 receptor (GPR43) restores responsiveness of desensitized human neutrophils.
      Title: Allosteric targeting of the FFA2 receptor (GPR43) restores responsiveness of desensitized human neutrophils.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (52)

    Phenotypes

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    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables lipid binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cell surface pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to fatty acid IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cellular response to fatty acid IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in fat cell differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glucose homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in ligand-gated ion channel signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in lipid storage ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mucosal immune response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of insulin secretion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of chemokine production ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-8 production IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of acute inflammatory response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of peptide hormone secretion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cell projection IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    free fatty acid receptor 2
    Names
    G-protein coupled receptor 43
    fatty acid receptor 2
    free fatty acid activated receptor 2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001370087.1 → NP_001357016.1  free fatty acid receptor 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC002511
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12461.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4
      Related
      ENSP00000473159.1, ENST00000599180.3
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15170
      Location:9 → 286
      7tmA_FFAR2_FFAR3; free fatty acid receptors 2, 3, and similar proteins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    2. NM_005306.3 → NP_005297.1  free fatty acid receptor 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005297.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC002511
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12461.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15170
      Location:9 → 286
      7tmA_FFAR2_FFAR3; free fatty acid receptors 2, 3, and similar proteins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      35448257..35451767
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047438699.1 → XP_047294655.1  free fatty acid receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4

    2. XM_047438700.1 → XP_047294656.1  free fatty acid receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4
      Related
      ENSP00000246549.2, ENST00000246549.2

    3. XM_017026711.2 → XP_016882200.1  free fatty acid receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15170
      Location:9 → 286
      7tmA_FFAR2_FFAR3; free fatty acid receptors 2, 3, and similar proteins, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      37992993..37996503
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054320734.1 → XP_054176709.1  free fatty acid receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4

    2. XM_054320736.1 → XP_054176711.1  free fatty acid receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4

    3. XM_054320735.1 → XP_054176710.1  free fatty acid receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B0M0J9, O15552, Q4VAZ3, Q4VAZ5, Q4VBL5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C6KYL4
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O15552.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O15552

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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