U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

MMP16 matrix metallopeptidase 16 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4325, updated on 5-Jul-2025
Official Symbol
MMP16provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
matrix metallopeptidase 16provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:7162
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000156103 MIM:602262; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7162
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
MMP-X2; C8orf57; MT-MMP2; MT-MMP3; MT3-MMP
Summary
Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. The encoded protein activates MMP2 by cleavage. This gene was once referred to as MT-MMP2, but was renamed as MT-MMP3 or MMP16. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]
Expression
Biased expression in brain (RPKM 3.8), gall bladder (RPKM 1.9) and 12 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table
See MMP16 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
8q21.3
Exon count:
11
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 8 NC_000008.11 (88032011..88327483, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 8 NC_060932.1 (89155362..89450838, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 8 NC_000008.10 (89044239..89339712, complement)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901972 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375628 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:89100426-89101134 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:89161441-89162125 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr8:89310134-89311333 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:89314920-89315534 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375630 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 272 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:89471701-89472542 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375629 Neighboring gene RLIG1 pseudogene 3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. A role for matrix remodelling proteins in invasive and malignant meningiomas. Jalali S, et al. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 2015 Feb. PMID 24989599
  2. Membrane-type-3 matrix metalloproteinase (MT3-MMP) functions as a matrix composition-dependent effector of melanoma cell invasion. Tatti O, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 22164270, Free PMC Article
  3. MT3-MMP down-regulation promotes tumorigenesis and correlates to poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Xue Z, et al. Cancer Med, 2016 Sep. PMID 27292876, Free PMC Article
  4. MMP16 is a marker of poor prognosis in gastric cancer promoting proliferation and invasion. Cao L, et al. Oncotarget, 2016 Aug 9. PMID 27340864, Free PMC Article
  5. Promoter hypermethylation of membrane type 3 matrix metalloproteinase is associated with cell migration in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Moon JW, et al. Cancer Genet, 2015 May. PMID 26002729

See all (74) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. MMP16 as NSCL +/- P Susceptible Gene in Western Han Chinese.
    Title: MMP16 as NSCL ± P Susceptible Gene in Western Han Chinese.
  2. M1 macrophage-derived exosomes containing miR-150 inhibit glioma progression by targeting MMP16.
    Title: M1 macrophage-derived exosomes containing miR-150 inhibit glioma progression by targeting MMP16.
  3. LncRNA NEAT1 regulates MMP-16 by targeting miR-200a/b to aggravate inflammation in asthma.
    Title: LncRNA NEAT1 regulates MMP-16 by targeting miR-200a/b to aggravate inflammation in asthma.
  4. Changes in the expression of membrane type-matrix metalloproteinases genes (MMP14, MMP15, MMP16, MMP24) during treatment and their potential impact on the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
    Title: Changes in the expression of membrane type-matrix metalloproteinases genes (MMP14, MMP15, MMP16, MMP24) during treatment and their potential impact on the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  5. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0002360 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through upregulating matrix metalloproteinase 16 and sponging multiple micorRNAs.
    Title: Circular RNA hsa_circ_0002360 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through upregulating matrix metalloproteinase 16 and sponging multiple micorRNAs.
  6. microRNA-4429-5p suppresses the malignant development of colon cancer by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 16.
    Title: microRNA-4429-5p suppresses the malignant development of colon cancer by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 16.
  7. A protective polymorphism in MMP16, improved blood gas levels, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: Family and two population-based studies.
    Title: A protective polymorphism in MMP16, improved blood gas levels, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: Family and two population-based studies.
  8. Association between MMP16 rs60298754 and clinical phenotypes of Parkinson's disease in southern Chinese.
    Title: Association between MMP16 rs60298754 and clinical phenotypes of Parkinson's disease in southern Chinese.
  9. LINC01121 induced intervertebral disc degeneration via modulating miR-150-5p/MMP16 axis.
    Title: LINC01121 induced intervertebral disc degeneration via modulating miR-150-5p/MMP16 axis.
  10. Role of lncRNA NEAT1 mediated by YY1 in the development of diabetic cataract via targeting the microRNA-205-3p/MMP16 axis.
    Title: Role of lncRNA NEAT1 mediated by YY1 in the development of diabetic cataract via targeting the microRNA-205-3p/MMP16 axis.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (38)

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association analysis identifies 13 new risk loci for schizophrenia.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study identifies five new schizophrenia loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study identifies genetic loci associated with body mass index and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels during psychopharmacological treatment - a cross-sectional naturalistic study.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study in a Swedish population yields support for greater CNV and MHC involvement in schizophrenia compared with bipolar disorder.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new susceptibility loci for migraine.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis.
EBI GWAS Catalog

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • DKFZp761D112

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables enzyme activator activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables hydrolase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metalloaminopeptidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables metalloaminopeptidase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables metalloendopeptidase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables metalloendopeptidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables metalloendopeptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metalloendopeptidase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables metallopeptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables peptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables zinc ion binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables zinc ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables zinc ion binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within bone development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within chondrocyte proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in collagen catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within collagen catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in collagen catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within craniofacial suture morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within endochondral ossification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in extracellular matrix organization IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within ossification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in protein processing IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein processing TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in proteolysis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in proteolysis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in proteolysis TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in skeletal system development IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi lumen TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in cell surface IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in extracellular matrix IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in extracellular region IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
Preferred Names
matrix metalloproteinase-16
Names
MMP-16
MT-MMP 3
MT3MMP
MTMMP3
Putative transmembrane protein C8orf57
matrix metallopeptidase 16 (membrane-inserted)
membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase 3
membrane-type-3 matrix metalloproteinase
NP_005932.2
XP_024302922.1
XP_054216455.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_005941.5 → NP_005932.2  matrix metalloproteinase-16 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005932.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC037450, AL832595, D83646, DA575789
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS6246.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RAN7, P51512, Q14824, Q52H48
    Related
    ENSP00000286614.6, ENST00000286614.11
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    PHA03247
    Location:292 → 338
    PHA03247; large tegument protein UL36; Provisional
    cd00094
    Location:340 → 532
    HX; Hemopexin-like repeats.; Hemopexin is a heme-binding protein that transports heme to the liver. Hemopexin-like repeats occur in vitronectin and some matrix metalloproteinases family (matrixins). The HX repeats of some matrixins bind tissue inhibitor of ...
    pfam00413
    Location:126 → 291
    Peptidase_M10; Matrixin
    pfam01471
    Location:42 → 96
    PG_binding_1; Putative peptidoglycan binding domain
    pfam11857
    Location:538 → 607
    DUF3377; Domain of unknown function (DUF3377)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000008.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    88032011..88327483 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_024447154.2 → XP_024302922.1  matrix metalloproteinase-16 isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd00094
    Location:77 → 269
    HX; Hemopexin-like repeats.; Hemopexin is a heme-binding protein that transports heme to the liver. Hemopexin-like repeats occur in vitronectin and some matrix metalloproteinases family (matrixins). The HX repeats of some matrixins bind tissue inhibitor of ...
    pfam11857
    Location:274 → 344
    DUF3377; Domain of unknown function (DUF3377)
    cl26464
    Location:29 → 75
    Atrophin-1; Atrophin-1 family
    cl27698
    Location:1 → 28
    Peptidase_M10; Matrixin

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060932.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    89155362..89450838 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054360480.1 → XP_054216455.1  matrix metalloproteinase-16 isoform X1

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_022564.3: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_022564.3: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein.

  2. NM_032297.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_032297.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is support for the transcript but not for the protein.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P51512.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P51512

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous