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LRP2 LDL receptor related protein 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4036, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
LRP2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
LDL receptor related protein 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:6694
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000081479 MIM:600073; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6694
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
DBS; GP330; LRP-2
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene, low density lipoprotein-related protein 2 (LRP2) or megalin, is a multi-ligand endocytic receptor that is expressed in many different tissues but primarily in absorptive epithilial tissues such as the kidney. This glycoprotein has a large amino-terminal extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a short carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail. The extracellular ligand-binding-domains bind diverse macromolecules including albumin, apolipoproteins B and E, and lipoprotein lipase. The LRP2 protein is critical for the reuptake of numerous ligands, including lipoproteins, sterols, vitamin-binding proteins, and hormones. This protein also has a role in cell-signaling; extracellular ligands include parathyroid horomones and the morphogen sonic hedgehog while cytosolic ligands include MAP kinase scaffold proteins and JNK interacting proteins. Recycling of this membrane receptor is regulated by phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain. Mutations in this gene cause Donnai-Barrow syndrome (DBS) and facio-oculoacoustico-renal syndrome (FOAR).[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]
Expression
Biased expression in kidney (RPKM 33.6), thyroid (RPKM 14.6) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

See LRP2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
2q31.1
Exon count:
81
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (169127109..169362534, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (169602803..169838534, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (169983619..170219044, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:169966534-169967034 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:169967035-169967535 Neighboring gene dehydrogenase/reductase 9 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr2:169977784-169977942 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:169992762-169993275 Neighboring gene UBE2V1 pseudogene 6 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15259 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr2:170164967-170165129 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3915 silencer Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr2:170213948-170214132 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:170218895-170219528 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:170219529-170220162 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr2:170308062-170308217 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 16737 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 16738 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3917 silencer Neighboring gene Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 Neighboring gene kelch like family member 41

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Donnai-Barrow syndrome
MedGen: C1857277 OMIM: 222448 GeneReviews: Donnai-Barrow Syndrome
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association study on common SNPs and rare CNVs in anorexia nervosa.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Gene-Smoking Interactions Identify Several Novel Blood Pressure Loci in the Framingham Heart Study.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association study of hematological and biochemical traits in a Japanese population.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables SH3 domain binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables calcium ion binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables cargo receptor activity EXP
Inferred from Experiment
more info
PubMed 
enables cargo receptor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
enables hormone binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables insulin-like growth factor I binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein transporter activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
enables protein-folding chaperone binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein-folding chaperone binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in amyloid-beta clearance ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in aorta development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cell population proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cellular response to growth factor stimulus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cobalamin transport TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in coronary artery morphogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in cranial skeletal system development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in diol metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in endocytosis TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in folate import across plasma membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in forebrain development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in gene expression IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in kidney development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in lipid metabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in male gonad development ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in metal ion transport IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
acts_upstream_of negative regulation of apoptotic process IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
PubMed 
involved_in neural tube closure ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in neuron projection arborization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in outflow tract septum morphogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of neurogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in protein transport IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in pulmonary artery morphogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in receptor-mediated endocytosis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in receptor-mediated endocytosis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in receptor-mediated endocytosis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to leptin IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in retinoid metabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
involved_in secondary heart field specification ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in sensory perception of sound ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in transcytosis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in transport across blood-brain barrier NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in vagina development ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
involved_in ventricular septum development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in vitamin D metabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
is_active_in apical plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in apical plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in apical plasma membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in axon ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in brush border membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in clathrin-coated pit IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in dendrite ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in endosome lumen IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in external side of plasma membrane ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in lysosomal membrane HDA PubMed 
located_in lysosome TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
part_of receptor complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
part_of receptor complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
part_of receptor complex ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2
Names
Heymann nephritis antigen homolog
calcium sensor protein
glycoprotein 330
megalin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_012634.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5079..240504
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_1300

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_004525.3NP_004516.2  low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004516.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC007556, AY265357, AY265358, CD673312, DA200673, DA339827, DA401915, U33837
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS2232.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O00711, P98164, Q16215
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q7Z5C0
    Related
    ENSP00000496870.1, ENST00000649046.1
    Conserved Domains (12) summary
    smart00192
    Location:29052937
    LDLa; Low-density lipoprotein receptor domain class A
    smart00135
    Location:15011543
    LY; Low-density lipoprotein-receptor YWTD domain
    smart00179
    Location:40074047
    EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
    COG3391
    Location:20922285
    YncE; DNA-binding beta-propeller fold protein YncE [General function prediction only]
    cd00112
    Location:37593793
    LDLa; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class A domain, a cysteine-rich repeat that plays a central role in mammalian cholesterol metabolism; the receptor protein binds LDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis; 7 successive cysteine-rich repeats of about ...
    cd05819
    Location:20972142
    NHL; NHL repeat [structural motif]
    pfam00057
    Location:28632895
    Ldl_recept_a; Low-density lipoprotein receptor domain class A
    pfam00058
    Location:41974237
    Ldl_recept_b; Low-density lipoprotein receptor repeat class B
    pfam12662
    Location:31323155
    cEGF; Complement Clr-like EGF-like
    pfam14670
    Location:23462382
    FXa_inhibition; Coagulation Factor Xa inhibitory site
    cl00057
    Location:31473190
    vWFA; Von Willebrand factor type A (vWA) domain was originally found in the blood coagulation protein von Willebrand factor (vWF). Typically, the vWA domain is made up of approximately 200 amino acid residues folded into a classic a/b para-rossmann type of ...
    cl18310
    Location:20912300
    NHL; NHL repeat unit of beta-propeller proteins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    169127109..169362534 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011511183.4XP_011509485.1  low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q7Z5C0
    Conserved Domains (12) summary
    smart00192
    Location:29052937
    LDLa; Low-density lipoprotein receptor domain class A
    smart00135
    Location:15011543
    LY; Low-density lipoprotein-receptor YWTD domain
    smart00179
    Location:39644004
    EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
    COG3391
    Location:20922285
    YncE; DNA-binding beta-propeller fold protein YncE [General function prediction only]
    cd00112
    Location:37163750
    LDLa; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class A domain, a cysteine-rich repeat that plays a central role in mammalian cholesterol metabolism; the receptor protein binds LDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis; 7 successive cysteine-rich repeats of about ...
    cd05819
    Location:20972142
    NHL; NHL repeat [structural motif]
    pfam00057
    Location:28632895
    Ldl_recept_a; Low-density lipoprotein receptor domain class A
    pfam00058
    Location:41544194
    Ldl_recept_b; Low-density lipoprotein receptor repeat class B
    pfam12662
    Location:31323155
    cEGF; Complement Clr-like EGF-like
    pfam14670
    Location:23462382
    FXa_inhibition; Coagulation Factor Xa inhibitory site
    cl00057
    Location:31473190
    vWFA; Von Willebrand factor type A (vWA) domain was originally found in the blood coagulation protein von Willebrand factor (vWF). Typically, the vWA domain is made up of approximately 200 amino acid residues folded into a classic a/b para-rossmann type of ...
    cl18310
    Location:20912300
    NHL; NHL repeat unit of beta-propeller proteins
  2. XM_047444340.1XP_047300296.1  low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 isoform X2

  3. XM_011511184.3XP_011509486.1  low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 isoform X3

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q4ZG84
    Conserved Domains (12) summary
    smart00192
    Location:21422174
    LDLa; Low-density lipoprotein receptor domain class A
    smart00135
    Location:738780
    LY; Low-density lipoprotein-receptor YWTD domain
    smart00179
    Location:32443284
    EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
    COG3391
    Location:13291522
    YncE; DNA-binding beta-propeller fold protein YncE [General function prediction only]
    cd00112
    Location:29963030
    LDLa; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class A domain, a cysteine-rich repeat that plays a central role in mammalian cholesterol metabolism; the receptor protein binds LDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis; 7 successive cysteine-rich repeats of about ...
    cd05819
    Location:13341379
    NHL; NHL repeat [structural motif]
    pfam00057
    Location:21002132
    Ldl_recept_a; Low-density lipoprotein receptor domain class A
    pfam00058
    Location:34343474
    Ldl_recept_b; Low-density lipoprotein receptor repeat class B
    pfam12662
    Location:23692392
    cEGF; Complement Clr-like EGF-like
    pfam14670
    Location:15831619
    FXa_inhibition; Coagulation Factor Xa inhibitory site
    cl00057
    Location:23842427
    vWFA; Von Willebrand factor type A (vWA) domain was originally found in the blood coagulation protein von Willebrand factor (vWF). Typically, the vWA domain is made up of approximately 200 amino acid residues folded into a classic a/b para-rossmann type of ...
    cl18310
    Location:13281537
    NHL; NHL repeat unit of beta-propeller proteins

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    169602803..169838534 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054342042.1XP_054198017.1  low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 isoform X1

  2. XM_054342043.1XP_054198018.1  low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 isoform X2

  3. XM_054342044.1XP_054198019.1  low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 isoform X3