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GPR39 G protein-coupled receptor 39 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 2863, updated on 19-Aug-2025
Official Symbol
GPR39provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
G protein-coupled receptor 39provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:4496
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000183840 MIM:602886; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4496
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ZnR
Summary
This gene is a member of the ghrelin receptor family and encodes a rhodopsin-type G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The encoded protein is involved in zinc-dependent signaling in epithelial tissue in intestines, prostate and salivary glands. The protein may also be involved in the pathophysiology of depression. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]
Expression
Broad expression in brain (RPKM 4.2), colon (RPKM 3.1) and 19 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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See GPR39 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
2q21.2
Exon count:
2
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (132416805..132646582)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (132855128..133084942)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (133174378..133404155)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:133119050-133119870 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:133160772-133161322 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124905948 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6129 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:133177398-133178039 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6766 Neighboring gene family with sequence similarity 201 member B Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 175, pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:133225978-133226478 Neighboring gene microRNA 9986 Neighboring gene RN7SK pseudogene 103 Neighboring gene Y-box binding protein 1 pseudogene 7 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:133362908-133363464 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:133426641-133427604 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 16540 Neighboring gene LY6/PLAUR domain containing 1 Neighboring gene NCK associated protein 5 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3189 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC112268439 Neighboring gene NCKAP5 antisense RNA 1

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. GPR39 Overexpression in OSCC Promotes YAP-Sustained Malignant Progression. Jiang Y, et al. J Dent Res, 2020 Jul. PMID 32325008
  2. Obestatin: is it really doing something? Trovato L, et al. Front Horm Res, 2014. PMID 24732935
  3. GPR39 Zn(2+)-sensing receptor: a new target in antidepressant development? Młyniec K, et al. J Affect Disord, 2015 Mar 15. PMID 25490458
  4. Zinc, future mono/adjunctive therapy for depression: Mechanisms of antidepressant action. Nowak G. Pharmacol Rep, 2015 Jun. PMID 25933983
  5. Target identification for a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor reveals the receptor GPR39. Bassilana F, et al. Nat Chem Biol, 2014 May. PMID 24633354

See all (62) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. [Expressions of zinc homeostasis proteins, GPR39 and ANO1 mRNA in the sperm of asthenozoospermia patients and their clinical significance].
    Title: [Expressions of zinc homeostasis proteins, GPR39 and ANO1 mRNA in the sperm of asthenozoospermia patients and their clinical significance].
  2. Zinc-sensing receptor activation induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation of arterioles.
    Title: Zinc-sensing receptor activation induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation of arterioles.
  3. GPR39 regulated spinal glycinergic inhibition and mechanical inflammatory pain.
    Title: GPR39 regulated spinal glycinergic inhibition and mechanical inflammatory pain.
  4. Signaling pathway mechanisms of neurological diseases induced by G protein-coupled receptor 39.
    Title: Signaling pathway mechanisms of neurological diseases induced by G protein-coupled receptor 39.
  5. G protein-coupled receptor 39 alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatocyte lipid accumulation via SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling.
    Title: G protein-coupled receptor 39 alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatocyte lipid accumulation via SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling.
  6. Inhibition of GPR39 restores defects in endothelial cell-mediated neovascularization under the duress of chronic hyperglycemia: Evidence for regulatory roles of the sonic hedgehog signaling axis.
    Title: Inhibition of GPR39 restores defects in endothelial cell-mediated neovascularization under the duress of chronic hyperglycemia: Evidence for regulatory roles of the sonic hedgehog signaling axis.
  7. The expression and clinical significance of GPR39 in colon cancer.
    Title: The expression and clinical significance of GPR39 in colon cancer.
  8. Selective release of gastrointestinal hormones induced by an orally active GPR39 agonist.
    Title: Selective release of gastrointestinal hormones induced by an orally active GPR39 agonist.
  9. Interaction between Zinc, GPR39, BDNF and Neuropeptides in Depression.
    Title: Interaction between Zinc, GPR39, BDNF and Neuropeptides in Depression.
  10. GPR39 promotes cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the AMPK-mTOR pathway and protein synthesis.
    Title: GPR39 promotes cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the AMPK-mTOR pathway and protein synthesis.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (41)

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Two-marker association tests yield new disease associations for coronary artery disease and hypertension.
EBI GWAS Catalog

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC149541

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Preferred Names
G-protein coupled receptor 39
Names
zinc sensing receptor

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_050928.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5645..235422
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001508.3 → NP_001499.1  G-protein coupled receptor 39

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001499.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AI459805, BC125046, BM981455, DA636860, DA653793
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS2170.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RC12, B6V9G4, O43194, Q08AS2, Q53R01
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KV24
    Related
    ENSP00000327417.3, ENST00000329321.4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd15135
    Location:31 → 355
    7tmA_GPR39; G protein-coupled receptor 39, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    132416805..132646582
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    132855128..133084942
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O43194.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O43194

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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