GSC goosecoid homeobox [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GSCprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: goosecoid homeoboxprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4612
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000133937 MIM:138890; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4612
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: GSC1; SAMS
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the bicoid subfamily of the paired (PRD) homeobox family of proteins. The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and may be autoregulatory. A similar protein in mice plays a role in craniofacial and rib cage development during embryogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in fat (RPKM 1.7), brain (RPKM 0.2) and 8 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14q32.13

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	14	NC_000014.9 (94768223..94770113, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	14	NC_060938.1 (88998287..89000177, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	14	NC_000014.8 (95234560..95236450, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Goosecoid promotes pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastasis through TGF-beta signaling.
Title: Goosecoid promotes pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastasis through TGF-β signaling.
USP21 modulates Goosecoid function through deubiquitination.
Title: USP21 modulates Goosecoid function through deubiquitination.
Performed mutational analysis of TCOF1, GSC, and HOXA2 to determine the mutational features of the 3 genes in Chinese patients with Treacher Collins syndrome.
Title: Mutational Analysis of TCOF1, GSC, and HOXA2 in Patients With Treacher Collins Syndrome.
We find that DIGIT is divergent to Goosecoid (GSC) and expressed during endoderm differentiation. Deletion of the SMAD3-occupied enhancer proximal to DIGIT inhibits DIGIT and GSC expression and definitive endoderm differentiation.
Title: DIGIT Is a Conserved Long Noncoding RNA that Regulates GSC Expression to Control Definitive Endoderm Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells.
5 genomic variants in GSC, HOXA2 and PRKRA were identified through mutational analysis in Chinese patients with microtia.
Title: Mutational analysis of GSC, HOXA2 and PRKRA in 106 Chinese patients with microtia.
GSC is also a prognostic factor for poor survival and metastasis of HCC, which suggests its potential as a therapeutic target for metastatic HCC.
Title: Goosecoid promotes the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Results suggest that GSC is the most potential biomarker of drug response and poor prognosis in ovarian serous carcinomas.
Title: Overexpression of goosecoid homeobox is associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in ovarian carcinoma.
EtOH exposure increased the expression of an organizer specific gene, goosecoid, in human embryonic carcinoma cells.
Title: Chronic ethanol exposure increases goosecoid (GSC) expression in human embryonic carcinoma cell differentiation.
SAMS, a syndrome of short stature, auditory-canal atresia, mandibular hypoplasia, and skeletal abnormalities is a unique neurocristopathy caused by mutations in Goosecoid.
Title: SAMS, a syndrome of short stature, auditory-canal atresia, mandibular hypoplasia, and skeletal abnormalities is a unique neurocristopathy caused by mutations in Goosecoid.
GSC represses EVX1 expression and is required for development of anterior primitive-streak-like cell progeny in response to activin.
Title: EVEN-SKIPPED HOMEOBOX 1 controls human ES cell differentiation by directly repressing GOOSECOID expression.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (16)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Short stature-auditory canal atresia-mandibular hypoplasia-skeletal anomalies syndrome MedGen: C1865361 OMIM: 602471 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Gsc (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:547232

Gsc (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:531418

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of Wnt signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within anatomical structure morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in animal organ development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within ear development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within forebrain development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in gastrulation	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in middle ear morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in middle ear morphogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within muscle organ morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in neural crest cell fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within signal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in tissue development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chromatin	ISA Inferred from Sequence Alignment more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of transcription regulator complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: homeobox protein goosecoid

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.