CHGA chromogranin A [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CHGAprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: chromogranin Aprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:1929
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000100604 MIM:118910; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1929
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CGA; PHE5; PHES
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Two other peptides, catestatin and chromofungin, have antimicrobial activity and antifungal activity, respectively. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
Expression: Biased expression in adrenal (RPKM 574.1), stomach (RPKM 148.9) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14q32.12

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
110	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	14	NC_000014.9 (92922664..92935285)
110	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	14	NC_060938.1 (87155144..87167278)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	14	NC_000014.8 (93389495..93401630)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Serum Vasostatin-1 Level is Increased in Women with Preeclampsia.
Title: Serum Vasostatin-1 Level is Increased in Women with Preeclampsia.
Chromogranin A plasma levels predict mortality in COVID-19.
Title: Chromogranin A plasma levels predict mortality in COVID-19.
Functional Gly297Ser Variant of the Physiological Dysglycemic Peptide Pancreastatin Is a Novel Risk Factor for Cardiometabolic Disorders.
Title: Functional Gly297Ser Variant of the Physiological Dysglycemic Peptide Pancreastatin Is a Novel Risk Factor for Cardiometabolic Disorders.
Use of Chromogranin A for Monitoring Patients With Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
Title: Use of Chromogranin A for Monitoring Patients With Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
The prognostic significance of neuroendocrine markers and somatostatin receptor 2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Title: The prognostic significance of neuroendocrine markers and somatostatin receptor 2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Prevention of vascular calcification by the endogenous chromogranin A-derived mediator that inhibits osteogenic transdifferentiation.
Title: Prevention of vascular calcification by the endogenous chromogranin A-derived mediator that inhibits osteogenic transdifferentiation.
Significance of chromogranin A and synaptophysin in medullary thyroid carcinoma.
Title: Significance of chromogranin A and synaptophysin in medullary thyroid carcinoma.
Chromogranin A demonstrates higher expression in preeclamptic placentas than in normal pregnancy.
Title: Chromogranin A demonstrates higher expression in preeclamptic placentas than in normal pregnancy.
False-Positive Pancreastatin Results From a Commercial Laboratory: A Report of 2 Cases.
Title: False-Positive Pancreastatin Results From a Commercial Laboratory: A Report of 2 Cases.
Pancreastatin induces hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes by impeding mitochondrial functioning.
Title: Pancreastatin induces hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes by impeding mitochondrial functioning.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (230)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

CHGA-1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:253962

RH11257 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:46207

STS-J03915 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:37526

STS-W32275 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:83358

CHGA (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:278198

hschga1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:11449

RH68966 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:27883

Homology

Homologs of the CHGA gene: The CHGA gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, and rat.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 443 organisms have orthologs with human gene CHGA
Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to bacterium	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to fungus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in innate immune response	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in killing of cells of another organism	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in mast cell activation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in mast cell chemotaxis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in mast cell degranulation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of catecholamine secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of catecholamine secretion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of insulin secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neuron death	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in organelle organization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in protein localization to secretory granule	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of blood pressure	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of the force of heart contraction	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in chromaffin granule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in chromaffin granule	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in neuronal dense core vesicle	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in secretory granule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
located_in secretory granule	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in transport vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: chromogranin-A

Names: SP-I; betagranin (N-terminal fragment of chromogranin A); catestatin; chromofungin; parathyroid secretory protein 1; pituitary secretory protein I

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001275.4 → NP_001266.1 chromogranin-A isoform 1 preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001266.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

BC001059, BC009384, BX248263, DA201149

Consensus CDS

CCDS9906.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P10645

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q86T07

Related

ENSP00000216492.5, ENST00000216492.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam01271
Location:25 → 457

Granin; Granin (chromogranin or secretogranin)
NM_001301690.2 → NP_001288619.1 chromogranin-A isoform 2 preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001288619.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

BC009384, BX248263, DA201149

Consensus CDS

CCDS76718.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P10645

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

G5E968, Q86T07

Related

ENSP00000334023.4, ENST00000334654.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam01271
Location:116 → 306

Granin; Granin (chromogranin or secretogranin)