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Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes.
Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
Contents
- The National Academies of SCIENCES • ENGINEERING • MEDICINE
- COMMITTEE ON THE REVIEW OF THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS
- Reviewers
- Preface
- Summary
- Summary Annex: Report Conclusions by Level of Evidence
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Committee Approach
- I. Section I: E-Cigarette Devices, Constituents, and Exposures
- 3. E-Cigarette Devices, Uses, and Exposures
- 4. Nicotine
- CONCENTRATION OF NICOTINE IN COMMERCIAL E-CIGARETTES
- NICOTINE CONCENTRATION IN E-CIGARETTE EMISSIONS
- pH OF E-LIQUIDS
- NICOTINE SALTS
- TOXICOLOGY AND MODES OF ACTION
- EXPOSURE TO NICOTINE AND NICOTINE DERIVATIVES FROM E-CIGARETTES
- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN E-CIGARETTE TOPOGRAPHY AND NICOTINE EXPOSURE
- SYNTHESIS
- REFERENCES
- 5. Toxicology of E-Cigarette Constituents
- 6. Research Needs: E-Cigarette Devices, Constituents, and Exposures
- II. Section II: Effects of E-Cigarettes on Health
- III. Section III: Public Health Implications of E-Cigarettes
- APPENDIXES
Suggested citation:
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Public health consequences of e-cigarettes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/24952.
- Comparison of Nicotine and Toxicant Exposure in Users of Electronic Cigarettes and Combustible Cigarettes.[JAMA Netw Open. 2018]Comparison of Nicotine and Toxicant Exposure in Users of Electronic Cigarettes and Combustible Cigarettes.Goniewicz ML, Smith DM, Edwards KC, Blount BC, Caldwell KL, Feng J, Wang L, Christensen C, Ambrose B, Borek N, et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2018 Dec 7; 1(8):e185937. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
- Utilisation of smoking cessation aids among South African adult smokers: findings from a national survey of 18 208 South African adults.[Fam Med Community Health. 2021]Utilisation of smoking cessation aids among South African adult smokers: findings from a national survey of 18 208 South African adults.Agaku I, Egbe C, Ayo-Yusuf O. Fam Med Community Health. 2021 Jan; 9(1).
- Review Public Health Policies on E-Cigarettes.[Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019]Review Public Health Policies on E-Cigarettes.Bhalerao A, Sivandzade F, Archie SR, Cucullo L. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019 Aug 28; 21(10):111. Epub 2019 Aug 28.
- E-Cigarette Use and Future Cigarette Initiation Among Never Smokers and Relapse Among Former Smokers in the PATH Study.[Public Health Rep. 2019]E-Cigarette Use and Future Cigarette Initiation Among Never Smokers and Relapse Among Former Smokers in the PATH Study.McMillen R, Klein JD, Wilson K, Winickoff JP, Tanski S. Public Health Rep. 2019 Sep/Oct; 134(5):528-536. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
- Review A critique of the US Surgeon General's conclusions regarding e-cigarette use among youth and young adults in the United States of America.[Harm Reduct J. 2017]Review A critique of the US Surgeon General's conclusions regarding e-cigarette use among youth and young adults in the United States of America.Polosa R, Russell C, Nitzkin J, Farsalinos KE. Harm Reduct J. 2017 Sep 6; 14(1):61. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
- Public Health Consequences of E-CigarettesPublic Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes
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