Percent change from baseline in absolute (A) and lipid-adjusted (B) serum biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidants, and oxidized-LDL in healthy, moderately hypercholesterolemic men and women before and after consuming 0, 1, and 2 servings of pistachios/d for 4 wk. The absolute change (difference between baseline and treatment; change score) was calculated only for variables significantly altered from baseline and having significant treatment effects in the mixed model analysis of raw data. The lipid-adjusted serum carotenoids and tocopherols were established relative to TC, while oxidized-LDL were adjusted to LDL-cholesterol concentrations. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 28. Means for diet treatments without a common letter differ: *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001, ****P ≤ 0.0001. Abbreviations: Car, carotene; LDL-C, LDL-cholesterol; Lycop, lycopene; OX-LDL, oxidized-LDL; Toc, tocopherol.