PMC

Complete mass spectra graph. Complete mass spectra in the range 1000–9000 Da, showing the peptide fingerprints of a saliva sample from a single patient in each group: orthodontic patients without periodontitis (A); orthodontic patients with periodontitis (B). m/z, mass-to-charge ratio.

Schematic representation of the temperature program. After a homogenization heating run at a rate of 1000 K/s the material is quenched at variable rates (Mg₆₅Cu₂₅Gd₁₀: 1000–9000 K/s, Au₄₉Cu_26.9Si_16.3Ag_5.5Pd_2.3: 10–9700 K/s) and subsequently heated at 1000 K/s in order to determine the fictive temperature. Subsequently, the steps are repeated with new cooling rates.

Genes significantly affected by olanzapine infusion based on RNA-Seq were selected for QT-RTPCR analysis using TaqMan gene expression assays using the same preparation of RNA. Genes were selected so that different FKPM size bins (1–10: OSTN; 10–99: OSTN, Casq2, Lpl; 100–999: Lpl, Atp2a2, Tnni1, 1000–9000: Tnni, Pvalb; >9000: Tpm1) were represented. The bars show mean± SE. Statistical significance was determined using the DEGSeq R package, which takes into consideration the variability of all of the genes analyzed. QT-RTPCR differences were analyzed using Student’s t-test. Asterisk symbols indicate a significant difference compared to control, *: p <0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001)

(A) Size distribution among 5 selected patients. Size distribution of cfDNA fragments in patients with lung cancer is bimodal with peaks around 170 bp (short) and 5 Kb (long). We defined “short fragment cfDNA” as DNA of size 120~265 bp and “long fragment cfDNA” as 1000~9000 bp. The concentration and molarity of each specified region were normalized by lower (35 bp) and upper (10380 bp) marker buffers. (B) Comparison of molarity of long fragment cfDNA according to presence or absence of distant metastasis. (C) Comparison of molarity of short fragment cfDNA according to presence or absence of distant metastasis.