PMC

(A) Representative 8.5 hour EEG traces were scored as high delta power (black) and low delta power (grey). Comparison of RTT EEG with control EEGs revealed significantly higher delta power as well as fewer cycles. (B) RTT EEGs had significantly greater delta power in all three lead positions (frontal, central, occipital). (C) Patients with RTT had no significant difference in gamma power but revealed a trend of greater power reading in all three lead positions compared to control group.

Effects of long-term berberine administration on antioxidant power (FRAP value) in liver homogenates of control, lead, berberine (50 mg/kg) treated control (Control + Berberine), berberine (50 mg/kg) treated lead (Lead + Berberine), and silymarin (200 mg/kg) treated lead (Lead+ SIL) groups (n = 7) at 8 weeks after treatments. The data are represented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001 (as compared to control group).

(a) Overhead perspective the portable trap and electric lead used in the Chocolay River, Michigan, to catch sea lamprey. Rectangles illustrate the location of the free-standing trap. Small red dots illustrate the location of positive electrodes and small blue dots illustrate the location of negative electrodes. Coloring in the large circles between the lines of electrodes illustrates the power density of the electric field at sampling locations. (b) Overhead perspective the portable trap and electric lead used in Bridgeland Creek, Ontario, to catch sea lamprey. (c) Illustration of the free-standing trap to which the electric lead guided sea lamprey. (d) Picture of the trap and electric field in the Chocolay River.

Changes in LFP spectral characteristics using a CAR scheme following implantation of a 4 × 3 DBS lead (S1 and S2) and a 2 × 3 DBS lead (S3 and S4). (A) Example power spectra with CAR from one contact of each subject’s DBS lead highlights the overall spectral variation across days and subjects. The spectra examples shown are from the contacts which were highest in beta-band peak power on day 13. (B) Beta-band peak power (between 12–30 Hz, CAR) over days for each subject showed a significant and consistent effect between peri-implant days (day 1–4) and day 13 (Wilcoxon signed rank: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.015). (C) A comparison between day 1 and day 4 showed that S1 and S2 has the bias of higher beta-band peak power towards day 4 and S3 and S4 had the bias of higher beta-band peak power towards day 1. (D) A comparison between day 1 and day 13 showed the bias of higher beta-band peak power in S1 and S2 towards day 13 across electrode sites. (E) Similarly, a comparison between day 4 and day 13 showed the bias of higher beta-band peak power in S3 and S4 towards day 13 across electrode sites.