PMC

(A) Preoperative CT frontal view of the inverted intranasal mesiodens showing penetration into the nasal cavity. (B) Preoperative CT sagittal view showing the inverted intranasal mesiodens extending into the nasal cavity. (C) Inverted intranasal mesiodens clinically visible through the left nostrils. (D) Palatal approach of the intransal mesiodens for luxation of the tooth.

(A) Extracting mesiodens through the left nostril. (B) Left nostril immediately after extraction of mesiodens. (C) Extracted intranasal mesiodens. (D) One-year post-op of the palatal region after uneventful healing.

Cone−beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the maxilla. (a) The panoramic reconstruction shows the presence of a mesiodens supernumerary tooth between the midlines of maxillary central teeth. (b) Axial slice image showing the palatal location of the mesiodens in intimate relation to teeth 2.1 and 2.2. (c) Frontal slice image showing mesiodens between central incisors. (d) Sagittal slice image showing the palatal location of the supernumerary tooth in the crown-apical middle third of the central incisor. Yellow arrows—location of mesiodens.

False-positive cases and a false-negative case. False-positive cases misdiagnosed as mesiodens in the YOLOv3 model (a) and the RetinaNet model (b), and a false-negative case in the EfficientDet-D3 model (c). Red boxes indicate the regions that were incorrectly detected as mesiodens, while blue arrows indicate undetected mesiodens.