PMC

Daily living tasks performed without and with My-HERO. (Left) Participants performing tasks without My-HERO and (Right) while using My-HERO. (Top) P1 is unable to perform mass hand flexion and mass hand extension unassisted. With My-HERO’s assistance, P1 can open and close his hand. (Middle) P2 attempts to apply toothpaste one-handed but the toothbrush tips over. Using My-HERO, P2 is able to hold the toothbrush while applying toothpaste. (Bottom) P3 cannot grip a fork with his affected hand despite numerous attempts to position the fork with the unaffected hand. Using My-HERO, P3 is able to hold the fork and use it to stabilize his food while cutting it with a knife.

Development of lettuce harvesting end effectors. (a) Two‐handed approach with one hand to hold the lettuce, one hand with knife, (b) rotary DC motor cutting mechanisms, (c) linear actuator knife‐powered mechanism, and (d) pneumatic cutter chosen as the best mechanism [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]

1. Eating utensils (fork, spoon, chopsticks, etc) 2. Containers (dish, cup, etc) 3. Table, food stand 4. Cooking utensils (Cutting board, knife, etc) 5. Cook's hand and clothing 6. Dishcloth 7. Drinking water 8. Sauce (soy sauce, etc) 9. Frying oil 10. Food itself

Gestural examples of internal metonymy: the hands turn into an apple and a knife to portray how to slice an apple: the outspread fingers of the right hand in (C) also evoke the slices resulting from the cutting action. Video still (A) corresponds to Example (11); video stills (B,C) correspond to Example (12) (adapted from ). Written informed consent was obtained from the depicted individuals for the publication of this image.