PMC

Calcified nodules in A7r5 cells after different treatments (Alizarin red S staining; ×100). A: Normal control group; B: Calcification group (12 d); C: Calcification + T3 group (10^-7 mol/L, 3 h); D: Calcification + T3 (10^-8 mol/L, 3 h); E: Calcification + T3 group (10^-9 mol/L, 3 h); F: Calcification group; G: Calcification + T3 (10^-7 mol/L, 6 h); H: Calcification + T3 (10^-8 mol/L, 6 h); I: Calcification + T3 (10^-9 mol/L, 6 h); J: Calcification + T3 (10^-7 mol/L, 12 h); K: Calcification + T3 (10^-7 mol/L, 1 d); L: Calcification + T3 (10^-7 mol/L, 3 d).

A-aortic valve calcification; C-coronary artery calcification; M-mitral annular calcification; T-thoracic aortic calcification

Examples of coronary atherosclerotic plaque calcification by CT angiography. A: Cross-sectional image of a coronary artery plaque with non-calcified plaque. B: Mildly calcified atherosclerotic plaque (one quadrant calcification, cross-sectional calcium arc <90°); C: Moderately calcified plaque (two quadrant calcification, cross-sectional calcium arc 90-179°); D: severely calcified plaque (three-quadrant calcification, cross-sectional calcium arc 180-269°); E: very severely calcified plaque (four-quadrant calcification, cross-sectional calcium arc ≥270°) with residual lumen visible; F: very severely calcified (four-quadrant calcification, cross-sectional calcium arc ≥270°) without residual lumen visible.

(A) No aortic arch calcification visible on PA chest X-ray (Grade 0). (B) Less than 50% aortic arch calcification categorized as small spot or single thin line of calcification as seen on PA chest X-ray (Grade 1). (C) Aortic arch calcification with more than 50% calcification and graded as small spots or single thin line of calcification as seen on PA chest X-ray (Grade 2). (D) Aortic arch calcification graded as a circumferential calcification as seen on PA chest X-ray (Grade 3). (E) Aortic arch calcification graded as one or more areas of thick calcification as seen on PA chest X-ray.