PMC

Measures of timing aspects of lumbo-pelvic coordination and their changes with time in patients with low-moderate vs. moderate-severe LBP. For the sake of comparison, the normal level of lumbo-pelvic coordination, measured from the healthy back group at baseline, was included.

Measures of magnitude aspect of lumbo-pelvic coordination and their changes with time in patients with low-moderate vs. moderate-severe LBP. For the sake of comparison, the normal level of lumbo-pelvic coordination, measured from the healthy back group at baseline, was included.

The estimate and 95% confidence interval of the effects of pain status and group on frontal plane coordination patterns, regardless of step widths (since there were no significant step width effects). Frontal In-phase Coordination: rLBP-R had significantly lower %gait cycle spent in an in-phase pattern than rLBP-A as well as CTRL. Frontal Anti-phase Coordination: rLBP-R had significantly greater %gait cycle spent in an anti-phase pattern than rLBP-A. Frontal Pelvis-only Coordination: rLBP had greater %gait cycle spent in a pelvis-only pattern compared to CTRL. Frontal Thorax-only Coordination: rLBP had less %gait cycle spent in a thorax-only coordination pattern than CTRL. rLBP-R, recurrent low back pain group in remission; rLBP-A, recurrent low back pain group in active pain; rLBP, pooled data from in and out of pain of the recurrent low back pain group; CTRL, back-heathy control group.

Back and shoulder coordination; (a) enclosed area between the mean back and shoulder flexion profiles during the four events are compared between the first and last sessions. (b) Percent time difference (after time normalization of profiles) between the maximum and 80% of maximum back and shoulder flexion are compared between the first and last sessions during the four events.