PMC

Individual participants’ annualised FVIII infusion rate and ABR at baseline and from week 5 and onward and FVIII activity at the end of year 5 or 4. (A) The 6 × 10¹³ vg/kg cohort. (B) The 4 × 10¹³ vg/kg cohort. Participants are ordered by descending current FVIII activity (week 260 for 6 × 10¹³ cohort; week 208 for 4 × 10¹³ cohort). Current FVIII activity ranges are based on median value in a ±4‐week window. ^†From week 5 onward, participant nine had one instance of exogenous FVIII use for surgery prophylaxis. ^‡From week 5 onward, in addition to treatment for bleeding, participant four had four instances of exogenous FVIII use due to prophylaxis for surgery and liver biopsy. ^§From week 5 onward, in addition to treatment for bleeding, participant six had 47 instances of exogenous FVIII use due to surgery prophylaxis, including total knee replacement. ^¶From week 5 onward, participant three had 34 instances of exogenous FVIII use due to prophylaxis for total knee replacement surgery and liver biopsy. ^††From week 5 onward, in addition to treatment for bleeding, participant 11 had two instances of exogenous FVIII use due to liver biopsy. ^‡‡From week 5 onward, participant 14 only used exogenous FVIII as treatment for bleeding. ^§§From week 5 onward, in addition to treatment for bleeding, participant 10 had one instance of exogenous FVIII use due to prophylaxis for a sigmoidoscopy. ^¶¶From week 5 onward, in addition to treatment for bleeding, participant 12 had three instances of exogenous FVIII use due to prophylaxis for procedures, including colonoscopy with biopsies taken. ^†††From week 5 onward, in addition to treatment for bleeding, participant 13 had three instances of exogenous FVIII use due to prophylaxis for surgery, a tooth extraction, and steroid injection. ^‡‡‡From week 5 onward, in addition to treatment for bleeding, participant 15 had 43 instances of exogenous FVIII use due to general surgery, total knee replacement, and liver biopsy. ABR, annualised bleeding rate; CS, chromogenic substrate assay; FVIII, factor VIII; LLOQ, lower limit of quantitation; OS, one‐stage assay; SAE, serious adverse event. [Correction added on 28 August 2021, after first online publication: In Figure 4, the values for Participants 3 and 13 were wrongly aligned and have been corrected in this version.]

(A) Male pheromone conditioning from egg onward causes a severe lifespan shortening (replicate 1). Solitary C. elegans fog-2 males control: 17.4 ± 0.7 days, n = 34; solitary C. elegans fog-2 males on MCP from early adulthood onward (aMCP): 13.9 ± 0.7 days, n = 39, p<0.0001 (compared to the control); solitary C. elegans fog-2 males on MCP from egg onward (eMCP): 11.1 ± 0.6 days, n = 40, p<0.0001 (compared to the control), p=0.0021 (compared to aMCP). (B) Male pheromone conditioning from egg onward causes a severe lifespan shortening (replicate 2). Solitary C. elegans fog-2 males control: 19.5 ± 0.9 days, n = 41; solitary C. elegans fog-2 males on MCP from early adulthood onward (aMCP): 13.4 ± 0.5 days, n = 40, p<0.0001 (compared to the control); solitary C. elegans fog-2 males on MCP from egg onward (eMCP): 11.8 ± 0.4 days, n = 40, p<0.0001 (compared to the control), p=0.024 (compared to aMCP). (C) Percentages of fog-2 males who are able to successfully fertilize virgin fog-2 hermaphrodites in the presence and absence of MCP treatment. See for details. (D) Male pheromone treatment does not selectively kill one sex in offspring. The male ratio is always ~50% (checked from the progeny produced by fog-2 hermaphrodites successfully fertilized by males in C).
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23493.019

(A)The predicted percent change in onward transmission (R_{rel_change}) based on percent of bites expected at home pre-exposure. (B) The predicted percent change in onward transmission from primary bites at home R_{rel_change}(home)) based on biting suitability and percent of bites expected at home pre-exposure, presented as a heatmap with contours.

20% of onward infections is indicated with a grey horizontal line. The proportion of the population that generates 80% of onward infections is shown by a vertical dashed line. HCV subtype 1a is close to the 80-20 rule (i.e. 80% of the infections are caused by the most infectious 18%).