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Visceral neuropathy, familial, 1, autosomal recessive(VSCN1)

MedGen UID:
340946
Concept ID:
C1855733
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: VSCN1
 
Gene (location): ERBB3 (12q13.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:8000011
OMIM®: 243180
Orphanet: ORPHA99811

Definition

Autosomal recessive familial visceral neuropathy-1 (VSCN1) is characterized by a broad spectrum of developmental anomalies associating neural crest and extraneural crest features, including intestinal dysmotility due to aganglionosis (Hirschsprung disease), hypoganglionosis, and/or chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction. Some patients develop progressive peripheral neuropathy, and arthrogryposis has been observed. Hypoplasia or aplasia of the olfactory bulb and of the external auditory canals, as well as microtia or anotia, have been reported. Patients also exhibit facial dysmorphisms, including microretrognathia in most; other variable features include structural cardiac anomalies and arthrogryposis with multiple pterygia (Le et al., 2021). Genetic Heterogeneity of Familial Visceral Neuropathy Autosomal recessive familial visceral neuropathy-2 (VSCN2; 619465) is caused by mutation in the ERBB2 gene (164870) on chromosome 17q12. Also see VSCN3 (609629) for an autosomal dominant form of the disorder. [from OMIM]

Additional description

From MedlinePlus Genetics
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a condition characterized by impairment of the muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. It can occur at any time of life, and its symptoms range from mild to severe. The condition may arise from abnormalities of the gastrointestinal muscles themselves (myogenic) or from problems with the nerves that control the muscle contractions (neurogenic).

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction leads to a buildup of partially digested food in the intestines. This buildup can cause abdominal swelling (distention) and pain, nausea, vomiting, and constipation or diarrhea. Affected individuals experience loss of appetite and impaired ability to absorb nutrients, which may lead to malnutrition. These symptoms resemble those of an intestinal blockage (obstruction), but in intestinal pseudo-obstruction no blockage is found.

When intestinal pseudo-obstruction occurs by itself, it is called primary or idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The disorder can also develop as a complication of another health problem; in these cases, it is called secondary intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The condition can be episodic (acute) or persistent (chronic).

Depending on the cause of intestinal pseudo-obstruction, affected individuals can have additional signs and symptoms. Some people with intestinal pseudo-obstruction have bladder dysfunction such as an inability to pass urine. Other features may include decreased muscle tone (hypotonia) or stiffness (spasticity) of the torso and limbs, weakness in the muscles that control eye movement (ophthalmoplegia), intellectual disability, seizures, unusual facial features, or recurrent infections.  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/intestinal-pseudo-obstruction

Clinical features

From HPO
Episodic abdominal pain
MedGen UID:
814352
Concept ID:
C3808022
Finding
An intermittent form of abdominal pain.
Colonic diverticula
MedGen UID:
3878
Concept ID:
C0012819
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of multiple diverticula of the colon.
Aganglionic megacolon
MedGen UID:
5559
Concept ID:
C0019569
Disease or Syndrome
The disorder described by Hirschsprung (1888) and known as Hirschsprung disease or aganglionic megacolon is characterized by congenital absence of intrinsic ganglion cells in the myenteric (Auerbach) and submucosal (Meissner) plexuses of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients are diagnosed with the short-segment form (S-HSCR, approximately 80% of cases) when the aganglionic segment does not extend beyond the upper sigmoid, and with the long-segment form (L-HSCR) when aganglionosis extends proximal to the sigmoid (Amiel et al., 2008). Total colonic aganglionosis and total intestinal HSCR also occur. Genetic Heterogeneity of Hirschsprung Disease Several additional loci for isolated Hirschsprung disease have been mapped. HSCR2 (600155) is associated with variation in the EDNRB gene (131244) on 13q22; HSCR3 (613711) is associated with variation in the GDNF gene (600837) on 5p13; HSCR4 (613712) is associated with variation in the EDN3 gene (131242) on 20q13; HSCR5 (600156) maps to 9q31; HSCR6 (606874) maps to 3p21; HSCR7 (606875) maps to 19q12; HSCR8 (608462) maps to 16q23; and HSCR9 (611644) maps to 4q31-q32. HSCR also occurs as a feature of several syndromes including the Waardenburg-Shah syndrome (277580), Mowat-Wilson syndrome (235730), Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome (609460), and congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS; 209880). Whereas mendelian modes of inheritance have been described for syndromic HSCR, isolated HSCR stands as a model for genetic disorders with complex patterns of inheritance. Isolated HSCR appears to be of complex nonmendelian inheritance with low sex-dependent penetrance and variable expression according to the length of the aganglionic segment, suggestive of the involvement of one or more genes with low penetrance. The development of surgical procedures decreased mortality and morbidity, which allowed the emergence of familial cases. HSCR occurs as an isolated trait in 70% of patients, is associated with chromosomal anomaly in 12% of cases, and occurs with additional congenital anomalies in 18% of cases (summary by Amiel et al., 2008).
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction
MedGen UID:
5864
Concept ID:
C0021847
Disease or Syndrome
A functional rather than mechanical obstruction of the intestines, associated with manifestations that resemble those caused by an intestinal obstruction, including distension, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, in an individual in whom a mechanical blockage has been excluded.
Vomiting
MedGen UID:
12124
Concept ID:
C0042963
Sign or Symptom
Forceful ejection of the contents of the stomach through the mouth by means of a series of involuntary spasmic contractions.
Intestinal malrotation
MedGen UID:
113153
Concept ID:
C0221210
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality of the intestinal rotation and fixation that normally occurs during the development of the gut. This can lead to volvulus, or twisting of the intestine that causes obstruction and necrosis.
Functional intestinal obstruction
MedGen UID:
768596
Concept ID:
C3639956
Finding
The blockage of bowel contents from evacuation; the causes are attributable to non-structural impediments, such as chemical imbalances or the side effects of medications, narcotics in particular.
Atresia of the external auditory canal
MedGen UID:
78613
Concept ID:
C0266597
Congenital Abnormality
Absence or failure to form of the external auditory canal.
Hearing impairment
MedGen UID:
235586
Concept ID:
C1384666
Disease or Syndrome
A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.
Dysarthria
MedGen UID:
8510
Concept ID:
C0013362
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.
Abnormal autonomic nervous system physiology
MedGen UID:
8511
Concept ID:
C0013363
Disease or Syndrome
A functional abnormality of the autonomic nervous system.
Peripheral neuropathy
MedGen UID:
18386
Concept ID:
C0031117
Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course.
Areflexia
MedGen UID:
115943
Concept ID:
C0234146
Finding
Absence of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.
Gait ataxia
MedGen UID:
155642
Concept ID:
C0751837
Sign or Symptom
A type of ataxia characterized by the impairment of the ability to coordinate the movements required for normal walking. Gait ataxia is characteirzed by a wide-based staggering gait with a tendency to fall.
Impaired vibratory sensation
MedGen UID:
220959
Concept ID:
C1295585
Finding
A decrease in the ability to perceive vibration. Clinically, this is usually tested with a tuning fork which vibrates at 128 Hz and is applied to bony prominences such as the malleoli at the ankles or the metacarpal-phalangeal joints. There is a slow decay of vibration from the tuning fork. The degree of vibratory sense loss can be crudely estimated by counting the number of seconds that the examiner can perceive the vibration longer than the patient.
Impaired proprioception
MedGen UID:
346424
Concept ID:
C1856691
Finding
A loss or impairment of the sensation of the relative position of parts of the body and joint position.
Aplasia of the olfactory bulb
MedGen UID:
1696661
Concept ID:
C5139362
Congenital Abnormality
Lack of formation (congenital absence) of the olfactory bulb.
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
MedGen UID:
1830310
Concept ID:
C5779613
Disease or Syndrome
Multiple congenital contractures in different body areas.
Ptosis
MedGen UID:
2287
Concept ID:
C0005745
Disease or Syndrome
The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective).

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVisceral neuropathy, familial, 1, autosomal recessive
Follow this link to review classifications for Visceral neuropathy, familial, 1, autosomal recessive in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Selim L, Van Coster R, Mehaney D, Hassan F, Vanlander A, Smet J, De Latter E, Vandemeulebroecke K, Mohamed Abdou D, Nakhla G, Mostafa M, Habets D, Bakker J, Abdel Bary A
Genet Couns 2016;27(2):193-205. PMID: 29485812
Halter JP, Michael W, Schüpbach M, Mandel H, Casali C, Orchard K, Collin M, Valcarcel D, Rovelli A, Filosto M, Dotti MT, Marotta G, Pintos G, Barba P, Accarino A, Ferra C, Illa I, Beguin Y, Bakker JA, Boelens JJ, de Coo IF, Fay K, Sue CM, Nachbaur D, Zoller H, Sobreira C, Pinto Simoes B, Hammans SR, Savage D, Martí R, Chinnery PF, Elhasid R, Gratwohl A, Hirano M
Brain 2015 Oct;138(Pt 10):2847-58. Epub 2015 Aug 10 doi: 10.1093/brain/awv226. PMID: 26264513Free PMC Article
Filosto M, Scarpelli M, Tonin P, Lucchini G, Pavan F, Santus F, Parini R, Donati MA, Cotelli MS, Vielmi V, Todeschini A, Canonico F, Tomelleri G, Padovani A, Rovelli A
J Neurol 2012 Dec;259(12):2699-706. Epub 2012 Jun 19 doi: 10.1007/s00415-012-6572-9. PMID: 22711161

Diagnosis

Khan ZR, Karam A, Ul Haq MA, Aman A, Karam AS
J Med Case Rep 2022 Oct 3;16(1):363. doi: 10.1186/s13256-022-03582-6. PMID: 36192783Free PMC Article
Erdogan MA, Seckin Y, Harputluoglu MM, Karincaoglu M, Aladag M, Caliskan AR, Bilgic Y, Yildirim O, Cagin YF, Atayan Y, Cengiz AN, Emul C, Esener Z, Erbay MF, Tekedereli I
Clin Dysmorphol 2019 Jan;28(1):22-25. doi: 10.1097/MCD.0000000000000250. PMID: 30407211
Wang HF, Wang J, Wang YL, Fan JJ, Mo GL, Gong FY, Chai ZM, Zhang J, Meng HX, Li CX, Guo JH, Pu CQ
Acta Neurol Belg 2017 Mar;117(1):259-267. Epub 2016 Oct 5 doi: 10.1007/s13760-016-0701-7. PMID: 27709505
Filosto M, Scarpelli M, Tonin P, Lucchini G, Pavan F, Santus F, Parini R, Donati MA, Cotelli MS, Vielmi V, Todeschini A, Canonico F, Tomelleri G, Padovani A, Rovelli A
J Neurol 2012 Dec;259(12):2699-706. Epub 2012 Jun 19 doi: 10.1007/s00415-012-6572-9. PMID: 22711161
Filosto M, Scarpelli M, Tonin P, Testi S, Cotelli MS, Rossi M, Salvi A, Grottolo A, Vielmi V, Todeschini A, Fabrizi GM, Padovani A, Tomelleri G
J Inherit Metab Dis 2011 Dec;34(6):1199-203. Epub 2011 Apr 19 doi: 10.1007/s10545-011-9332-6. PMID: 21503690

Prognosis

Wang HF, Wang J, Wang YL, Fan JJ, Mo GL, Gong FY, Chai ZM, Zhang J, Meng HX, Li CX, Guo JH, Pu CQ
Acta Neurol Belg 2017 Mar;117(1):259-267. Epub 2016 Oct 5 doi: 10.1007/s13760-016-0701-7. PMID: 27709505
Halter JP, Michael W, Schüpbach M, Mandel H, Casali C, Orchard K, Collin M, Valcarcel D, Rovelli A, Filosto M, Dotti MT, Marotta G, Pintos G, Barba P, Accarino A, Ferra C, Illa I, Beguin Y, Bakker JA, Boelens JJ, de Coo IF, Fay K, Sue CM, Nachbaur D, Zoller H, Sobreira C, Pinto Simoes B, Hammans SR, Savage D, Martí R, Chinnery PF, Elhasid R, Gratwohl A, Hirano M
Brain 2015 Oct;138(Pt 10):2847-58. Epub 2015 Aug 10 doi: 10.1093/brain/awv226. PMID: 26264513Free PMC Article
Filosto M, Scarpelli M, Tonin P, Lucchini G, Pavan F, Santus F, Parini R, Donati MA, Cotelli MS, Vielmi V, Todeschini A, Canonico F, Tomelleri G, Padovani A, Rovelli A
J Neurol 2012 Dec;259(12):2699-706. Epub 2012 Jun 19 doi: 10.1007/s00415-012-6572-9. PMID: 22711161

Clinical prediction guides

Wang HF, Wang J, Wang YL, Fan JJ, Mo GL, Gong FY, Chai ZM, Zhang J, Meng HX, Li CX, Guo JH, Pu CQ
Acta Neurol Belg 2017 Mar;117(1):259-267. Epub 2016 Oct 5 doi: 10.1007/s13760-016-0701-7. PMID: 27709505
Filosto M, Scarpelli M, Tonin P, Lucchini G, Pavan F, Santus F, Parini R, Donati MA, Cotelli MS, Vielmi V, Todeschini A, Canonico F, Tomelleri G, Padovani A, Rovelli A
J Neurol 2012 Dec;259(12):2699-706. Epub 2012 Jun 19 doi: 10.1007/s00415-012-6572-9. PMID: 22711161

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