SRA

Novel tobacco vapor product, generating vapor without combusting tobacco leaves, has been developed expecting the number and quantity of chemicals in the vapor of these products to be reduced compared to conventional combustible cigarettes. However, if the lower chemical levels correlate with lower toxicity remained to be clarified. Here we examined the difference of conventional cigarette smoke (CS) and novel tobacco vapor product (NTV) using cultured cancer cell line A549 and normal bronchial epithelium cell line BEAS-2B. 0.5% of 3R4F which is conventional CS markedly decreased cell proliferation of both A549 and BEAS-2B, however Ploom TECH or Ploom TECH+ which are commercially available NTV did not affect cell growth. To clarify the cause of decreased cell proliferation, Tunnel assay was performed and clarified that apoptosis was observed in both A549 and BEAS-2B after 24hours after exposure to 3R4F. To further explore the effect of CS to epigenetics, we performed western blotting Histone H2A phosphorylation which is known to correlate transcriptional regulation. Only 3R4F decreased histone H2A phosphorylation of both A549 and BEAS-2B. Then we examined alterations of gene expression after 3R4F treatment of A549 cell. 339, 107, 103 genes which were upregulated more than 2fold were observed in 3R4F, Ploom TECH or Ploom TECH+ treated A549 cell, respectively. Among 339 genes which was upregulated 3R4F, we focused EGR1, FOS, and FOSB gene since they were upregulated more than100 fold. We confirmed this upregulation using RTqPCR. These data suggest that Cigarette smoke but not novel tobacco vapor product cause epigenetic disruption and cell apoptosis possibly by elevating genes such as EGR1. Overall design: A549 cell mRNA profile of adding DMSO control, cigarette smoke (3R4F) and novel tobacco vapor product (Ploom TECH, and Ploom TECH plus) were generated by deep sequencing in duplicate, using Illumina MiSeq.