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SRX3733151: GSM3019573: glp-4 rep1; Caenorhabditis elegans; ChIP-Seq
1 ILLUMINA (Illumina HiSeq 4000) run: 43.2M spots, 6.6G bases, 2.4Gb downloads

Submitted by: NCBI (GEO)
Study: Automated RNAi screening reveals MRG-1/MRG15 as a barrier for germline to neuron reprogramming in C. elegans
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Abstract: Chromatin-regulating factors safeguard cell identities by suppressing ectopic gene expression thereby imposing barriers for transcription factor-induced reprogramming of cell fates. Identifying factors opposing the induction of ectopic cell fates is important to better understand developmental differentiation processes and may improve cellular reprogramming for therapeutic approaches. Reprogramming barriers have previously been studied mostly in tissue cultures. Hence, knowledge about chromatin regulators acting as reprogramming barriers in vivo needs improvement. We therefore made use of the nematode C. elegans as an in vivo gene discovery tool and interrogated its chromatin-regulating factors for being involved in protecting germ cells against reprogramming to neurons by performing automated RNAi screening. We identified the conserved chromodomain factor MRG-1 (MRG15 in humans) as a barrier for converting germ cells into neurons and characterized its protein-protein and genome interactions using IP-MS and ChIP-seq in wild-type animals versus mutants lacking the germline. We found that MRG-1 associates predominantly with genes carrying active histone modifications but it also cooperates with the histone H3K9 methyltransferase SET-26 in order to prevent conversion of germ cells into neurons. Conserved chromatin regulators such as MRG-1 potentially have similar functions in higher organisms as shown previously for the histone chaperone LIN-53 (CAF-1p48/RBBP7). LIN-53 was initially identified as a barrier of C. elegans germ cell reprogramming and was later shown to also block reprogramming in mammals. Such remarkable conservation of reprogramming barriers illustrates that understanding cell fate protection in C. elegans could help to improve the generation of new cell types for therapeutic approaches in humans. Overall design: Two c. elegans worm strains ( N2 and glp-4(bn2) ) were analysed in triplicates using ChIP-seq to identify binding regions of chromodomain factor MRG-1 (MRG15 in humans).
Sample: glp-4 rep1
SAMN08579926 • SRS2990259 • All experiments • All runs
Library:
Instrument: Illumina HiSeq 4000
Strategy: ChIP-Seq
Source: GENOMIC
Selection: ChIP
Layout: PAIRED
Construction protocol: Synchronized L4s were washed with M9 buffer and flash-frozen as “worm popcorn” in liquid nitrogen. The popcorn was pulverized using a biopulverizer before further grinding to a fine powder using a mortar. The powder was dissolved in 10 vol 1,1 % formaldehyde in PBS+1 mM PMSF and fixed for 10 min with gentle rocking. Quenching was achieved by adding 2,5 M Glycine to a final concentration of 125 mM and gently rocking for 5 min. After centrifugation the pellet was washed with ice-cold PBS+1 mM PMSF, before it was resuspended in FA-buffer (50 mM HEPES/KOH pH 7,5, 1mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100, 0,1 % sodium deoxycholate, 150 mM NaCl) + 1 % Sarkosyl + protease inhibitor and sonicated twice using a Bioruptor (15 times, 15 sec ON, 15 sec OFF; high settings) followed by 15 min centrifugation at full speed, 4°C. The supernatant was taken off (approx. 2-4 mg protein) and incubated either with MRG-1 antibody (Novus) or with buffer ON at 4°C on a rotator. Next, samples were incubated with µMACS ProteinA beads (Milteny Biotec) for 1 h on ice before they were applied to µMACS magnetic M columns that were equilibrated using FA buffer. The columns with bound material were washed 2x using FA buffer followed by washing with FA buffer + 1 mM NaCl and FA buffer + 500 mM NaCl. After further washing with TEL buffer (0,25 mM LiCl, 1 % sodium deoxycholate, 1 mM EDTA) and 2x with TE buffer, the samples were eluted using elution buffer (1 % SDS, 250 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris pH 8,0, 1mM EDTA). The fixation was reverse crosslinked using 2 µl of 10 mg/ml Proteinase K at 50°C for 1 h followed by incubation at 65°C ON. The DNA was purified using the QIAquick PCR purification kit in a final volume of 40 µl. Libraries were prepared using the NEXTflex qCHIP-Seq v2 kit (NOVA-5130-12) according to manufacturer's instructions.
Experiment attributes:
GEO Accession: GSM3019573
Links:
Runs: 1 run, 43.2M spots, 6.6G bases, 2.4Gb
Run# of Spots# of BasesSizePublished
SRR676066443,231,6886.6G2.4Gb2019-02-21

ID:
5149773

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