My Bibliography

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Apfelbaum EP, Pauker K, Ambady N, Sommers SR, Norton MI. Learning (not) to talk about race: when older children underperform in social categorization. Dev Psychol. 2008 Sep;44(5):1513-8. doi: 10.1037/a0012835. PubMed PMID: 18793083.

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Pauker K, Ambady N. Multiracial faces: How categorization affects memory at the boundaries of race. J Soc Issues. 2009 Mar 1;65(1). doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.2008.01588.x. PubMed PMID: 24311822; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3849032.

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Pauker K, Weisbuch M, Ambady N, Sommers SR, Adams RB, Ivcevic Z. Not so black and white: memory for ambiguous group members. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009 Apr;96(4):795-810. doi: 10.1037/a0013265. PubMed PMID: 19309203; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3750059.

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Weisbuch M, Pauker K, Ambady N. The subtle transmission of race bias via televised nonverbal behavior. Science. 2009 Dec 18;326(5960):1711-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1178358. PubMed PMID: 20019288; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3764987.

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Freeman J, Pauker K, Apfelbaum EP, Ambady N. Continuous dynamics in the real-time perception of race. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 2010; 46(1):179-185. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.10.002.

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Pauker K, Rule NO, Ambady N. Ambiguity and social perception. In: Balcetis E, Lassiter GD, editors. The Social Psychology of Visual Perception New York, NY: Psychology Press; 2010. p.13-29.

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Adams RB, Pauker K, Weisbuch M. Looking the Other Way: The Role of Gaze Direction in the Cross-race Memory Effect. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2010 Mar 1;46(2):478-481. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.12.016. PubMed PMID: 20204166; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2829993.

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Apfelbaum EP, Pauker K, Sommers SR, Ambady N. In blind pursuit of racial equality?. Psychol Sci. 2010 Nov;21(11):1587-92. doi: 10.1177/0956797610384741. Epub 2010 Sep 28. PubMed PMID: 20876878.

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Pauker K, Ambady N, Apfelbaum EP. Race salience and essentialist thinking in racial stereotype development. Child Dev. 2010 Nov-Dec;81(6):1799-813. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01511.x. PubMed PMID: 21077865; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3052875.

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Weisbuch M, Pauker K. The Nonverbal Transmission of Intergroup Bias: A Model of Bias Contagion with Implications for Social Policy. Soc Issues Policy Rev. 2011 Dec 1;5(1):257-291. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-2409.2011.01032.x. PubMed PMID: 23997812; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3756600.

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Johnson KL, Freeman JB, Pauker K. Race is gendered: how covarying phenotypes and stereotypes bias sex categorization. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2012 Jan;102(1):116-31. doi: 10.1037/a0025335. Epub 2011 Aug 29. PubMed PMID: 21875229.

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Carr PB, Dweck CS, Pauker K. "Prejudiced" behavior without prejudice? Beliefs about the malleability of prejudice affect interracial interactions. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2012 Sep;103(3):452-71. doi: 10.1037/a0028849. Epub 2012 Jun 18. PubMed PMID: 22708626; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3756230.

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Gaither SE, Pauker K, Johnson SP. Biracial and monoracial infant own-race face perception: an eye tracking study. Dev Sci. 2012 Nov;15(6):775-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01170.x. Epub 2012 Sep 7. PubMed PMID: 23106731; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3490444.

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Pauker K, Ambady N, Freeman J. The power of identity to motivate face memory in biracial individuals. Social Cognition. 2013; 31:778-779. doi: 10.1521/soco.2013.31.6.780.

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Slepian ML, Weisbuch M, Pauker K, Bastian B, Ambady N. Fluid movement and fluid social cognition: bodily movement influences essentialist thought. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2014 Jan;40(1):111-20. doi: 10.1177/0146167213506467. Epub 2013 Oct 23. PubMed PMID: 24154919.

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Gaither SE, Schultz JR, Pauker K, Sommers SR, Maddox KB, Ambady N. Essentialist thinking predicts decrements in children's memory for racially ambiguous faces. Dev Psychol. 2014 Feb;50(2):482-8. doi: 10.1037/a0033493. Epub 2013 Jul 1. PubMed PMID: 23815702; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3844032.

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Xu Y, Farver JM, Pauker K. Ethnic identity and self-esteem among Asian and European Americans: When a minority is the majority and the majority is a minority. European journal of social psychology. 2015; 45:62-76. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.2061.

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Sanchez DT, Young D, Pauker K. Exposure to racial ambiguity influences lay theories of race. Social psychological and personality science. 2015; 6:382-390. doi: 10.1177/1948550614562844.

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Pauker K, Apfelbaum EP, Spitzer B. When Societal Norms and Social Identity Collide: the Race Talk Dilemma for Racial Minority Children. Soc Psychol Personal Sci. 2015 Nov 1;6(8):887-895. doi: 10.1177/1948550615598379. PubMed PMID: 26543521; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4629255.

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Gaither SE, Pauker K, Slepian ML, Sommers SR. Social belonging motivates categorization of racially-ambiguous faces. Social cognition. 2016; 34:97-118.

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Pauker K, Williams A, Steele JR. Children's Racial Categorization in Context. Child Dev Perspect. 2016 Mar;10(1):33-38. doi: 10.1111/cdep.12155. Epub 2015 Nov 22. PubMed PMID: 27110279; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4836385.

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Freeman JB, Pauker K, Sanchez DT. A Perceptual Pathway to Bias: Interracial Exposure Reduces Abrupt Shifts in Real-Time Race Perception That Predict Mixed-Race Bias. Psychol Sci. 2016 Apr;27(4):502-17. doi: 10.1177/0956797615627418. Epub 2016 Mar 14. PubMed PMID: 26976082.

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Pauker K, Xu Y, Williams A, Biddle AM. Race Essentialism and Social Contextual Differences in Children's Racial Stereotyping. Child Dev. 2016 Sep;87(5):1409-22. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12592. PubMed PMID: 27684395; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5053617.

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Weisbuch M, Pauker K, Adams RB, Lamer S. Race, power, and reflexive gaze following. Social cognition. 2017; 35:619-638.

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Pauker K, Williams A, Steele J. The development of racial categorization in childhood. In: Rutland A, Nesdale D, Brown CS, editors. The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Group Processes in Children and Adolescents Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2017.

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Pauker K, Carpinella C, Meyers C, Young D, Sanchez DT. The role of diversity exposure in Whites’ reduction in race essentialism over time. Social Psychological and Personality Science. 2017. doi: 10.1177/1948550617731496.

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Weisbuch M, Lamer SA, Treinen E, Pauker K. Cultural snapshots: Theory and method. Social and Personality Psychology Compass. 2017; 11:e12334.

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McKeown S, Williams A, Pauker K. Stories that move them: Changing children's behaviour toward diverse peers. J Community Appl Soc Psychol. 2017 Sep-Oct;27(5):381-387. doi: 10.1002/casp.2316. Epub 2017 May 16. PubMed PMID: 29062219; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5650240.

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Williams A, Kajiwara K, Soon R, Salcedo J, Tschann M, Elia J, Pauker K, Kaneshiro B. Recommendations for Contraception: Examining the Role of Patients' Age and Race. Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2018 Jan;77(1):7-13. PubMed PMID: 29333335; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5760309.

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Pauker K, Carpinella CM, Lick DJ, Sanchez DT, Johnson KL. Malleability in biracial categorizations: The impact of geographic context and targets’ racial heritage. Social Cognition. 2018; 36:461-480.

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Chen JM, Pauker K, Gaither SE, Hamilton DL, Sherman JW. Black + White = Not White: A minority bias in categorizations of Black-White multiracials. Journal of experimental social psychology. 2018; 78:43-54.

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Pauker K, Meyers CK, Sanchez DT, Gaither SE, Young DM. A review of multiracial malleability: Identity, categorization, and shifting racial attitudes. Social and personality psychology compass. 2018. doi: 10.1111/spc3.12392.

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Pauker K, Brey EL, Lamer SA, Weisbuch M. Cultural Snapshots: A Method to Capture Social Contexts in Development of Prejudice and Stereotyping. Adv Child Dev Behav. 2019;56:141-181. doi: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2018.11.002. Epub 2018 Dec 21. Review. PubMed PMID: 30846046.

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Gaither SE, Chen JM, Pauker K, Sommers SR. At face value: Psychological outcomes differ for real vs. computer-generated multiracial faces. J Soc Psychol. 2019;159(5):592-610. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2018.1538929. Epub 2018 Oct 30. PubMed PMID: 30376420.

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Brey E, Pauker K. Teachers' nonverbal behaviors influence children's stereotypic beliefs. J Exp Child Psychol. 2019 Dec;188:104671. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.104671. Epub 2019 Aug 30. PubMed PMID: 31476615; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6768726.

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Meyers C, Aumer K, Schoniwitz A, Janicki C, Pauker K, Chang EC, Gaither SE, Williams A. Experiences with microaggressions and discrimination in racially diverse and homogeneously white contexts. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2020 Apr;26(2):250-259. doi: 10.1037/cdp0000293. Epub 2019 Jun 24. PubMed PMID: 31233310.

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Pauker K, Tai C, Ansari S. Contextualizing the development of social essentialism. Adv Child Dev Behav. 2020;59:65-94. doi: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.05.003. Epub 2020 Jun 3. Review. PubMed PMID: 32564796.

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Tai C, Pauker K. Growing racial resilience: the impact of mindsets on the development of prejudice. Human Development. 2021; 65:325-341. doi: 10.1159/000519632.

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Garay M, Meyers CK, Remedios J, Pauker K. Looking like vs. acting like your race: Social activism shapes perceptions of multiracial individuals. Self and Identity. 2021; 20:594-619. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2019.1659848.

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Pauker K, Lamer SA, Weisbuch M. Cultural snapshots: Identifying cultural patterns that influence implicit racial bias. In: McLean KC, editor. Cultural Methods in Psychology: Describing and Transforming Cultures New York: Oxford University Press; 2021. 109-145p.

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Young DM, Sanchez DT, Pauker K, Gaither SE. A Meta-Analytic Review of Hypodescent Patterns in Categorizing Multiracial and Racially Ambiguous Targets. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2021 May;47(5):705-727. doi: 10.1177/0146167220941321. Epub 2020 Aug 13. PubMed PMID: 32791890.

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Meyers CK, Williams A, Pauker K, Apfelbaum E. The impact of social norms on navigating race in a racially diverse context. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. 2022; 25:853-870. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430220984228.

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Pauker K, Apfelbaum EP, Dweck CS, Eberhardt JL. Believing that prejudice can change increases children's interest in interracial interactions. Dev Sci. 2022 Jul;25(4):e13233. doi: 10.1111/desc.13233. Epub 2022 Jan 20. PubMed PMID: 35023598; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9232898.

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Lamer SA, Dvorak P, Biddle AM, Pauker K, Weisbuch M. The transmission of gender stereotypes through televised patterns of nonverbal bias. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2022 Dec;123(6):1315-1335. doi: 10.1037/pspi0000390. Epub 2022 Feb 21. PubMed PMID: 35191728.

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Meyers CK, Williams A, Weisbuch M, Pauker K. Bias contagion across racial group boundaries. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. 2023; 47:529-543. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-023-00439-4.

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Meyers CK, Gaither SE, Remedios J, Pauker K. Detecting biracial identity strength: Perceived phenotypicality is inaccurate. Self and Identity. 2023; 22(4):533-562. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2022.2146742.

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Levy A, Nguyen C, Slepian ML, Gaither S, Pauker K, Dovidio JF. Categorizing a Face and Facing a Category: The Constructive Impacts of Ambiguity and Uncertainty in Racial Categorization. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2023 Jun;49(6):910-924. doi: 10.1177/01461672221084537. Epub 2022 Apr 6. PubMed PMID: 35383507.

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Chen JM, Meyers C, Pauker K, Gaither SE, Hamilton DL, Sherman JW. Intergroup Context Moderates the Impact of White Americans' Identification on Racial Categorization of Ambiguous Faces. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2023 Aug 9;:1461672231190264. doi: 10.1177/01461672231190264. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 37559509.

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Delafield R, Kwon H, Mar A, Hermosura AH, De Sousa EBC, Levinson J, Pauker K. Examining Implicit Racial Attitudes among College Students in Hawai'i, a Project of the Hawai'i Implicit Bias Initiative. Hawaii J Health Soc Welf. 2023 Oct;82(10 Suppl 1):29-35. PubMed PMID: 37901673; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10612416.

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Halim MLD, Atwood S, Osornio AC, Pauker K, Dunham Y, Olson KR, Gaither SE. Parent and self-socialization of gender intergroup attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors among ethnically and geographically diverse young children. Dev Psychol. 2023 Oct;59(10):1933-1950. doi: 10.1037/dev0001586. PubMed PMID: 37768624.