Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Rafie S, Newlon JL, Campi JA, Vernon V, Weaver K, Murphy EM. Recommendations for policies enabling pharmacist-prescribed contraceptive services. Contraception. 2026 Mar;155:111346. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111346. Epub 2025 Dec 19. PubMed PMID: 41423052.
Karlin J, Bennett T, Michael L, Rafie S, Berlan ED. A systematic comparison of implementation strategies at three U.S. clinic settings that expanded access to self-administered injectable contraception. Contraception. 2025 Sep;149:110972. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2025.110972. Epub 2025 May 23. PubMed PMID: 40414479.
Newlon JL, Campi JA, Rafie S, Meredith AH. Determining user implementation needs for pharmacist-prescribed contraception using concept mapping: A participatory, multiple stakeholder approach. Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2024 Dec;16:100525. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100525. eCollection 2024 Dec. PubMed PMID: 39512515; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11541415.
Campi JA, Rafie S, Newlon JL, Meredith AH. Implementation of pharmacist-prescribed contraceptive services: A case series of early adopters. JAPhA Pract Innov. 2024 Jul;1(3):100011. doi: 10.1016/j.japhpi.2024.100011. Epub 2024 Apr 20. PubMed PMID: 39420991; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11486347.
Sandoval S, Rafie S, Kully G, Mody S, Averbach S. Pharmacist provision of medication abortion: A pilot study. Contraception. 2024 Mar;131:110346. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2023.110346. Epub 2023 Dec 7. PubMed PMID: 38065286.
Hunter LA, Packel LJ, Chitle P, Beltran RM, Rafie S, De Martini L, Dong B, Harris O, Holloway IW, Miyashita Ochoa A, McCoy SI. Opportunities to Increase Access to HIV Prevention: Evaluating the Implementation of Pharmacist-Initiated Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in California. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023 Nov;10(11):ofad549. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad549. eCollection 2023 Nov. PubMed PMID: 38023549; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10651201.
Sandoval S, Chen G, Rafie S, Rabin B, Mody S, Averbach S. A qualitative analysis of pharmacists' attitudes towards provision of medication abortion. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 May 30;23(1):557. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09543-z. PubMed PMID: 37254171; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10228451.
Kaller S, Ma M, Gurazada T, Baba CF, Rafie S, Raine-Bennett T, Averbach S, Chen M, Berry E, Meckstroth KR, Grossman D. "No Big Deal": A Qualitative Study of Pharmacists' Perspectives on Dispensing Mifepristone for Medication Abortion. Womens Health Issues. 2022 Nov-Dec;32(6):571-577. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2022.06.007. Epub 2022 Jul 30. PubMed PMID: 35918240.
Gomez AM, Rafie S, Garner-Ford E, Arcara J, Arteaga S, Britter M, De La Cruz M, Gleaton SK, Gomez-Vidal C, Luna B, Ortiz C, Rivera MC, Schuman L, Watanabe M, Logan R. Community perspectives on pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraception in rural California. Contraception. 2022 Oct;114:10-17. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.05.013. Epub 2022 Jun 4. PubMed PMID: 35671841.
Rafie S, Sandoval AM, Vernon VP, Cook EA. A report on pharmacists with the NCMP credential. Menopause. 2022 May 1;29(5):599-605. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001942. PubMed PMID: 35486950.
Skog J, Rafie S, Schnock KO, Yoon C, Lipsitz S, Lew P. The Impact of Smart Pump Interoperability on Errors in Intravenous Infusion Administrations: A Multihospital Before and After Study. J Patient Saf. 2022 Apr 1;18(3):e666-e671. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000905. PubMed PMID: 35344977; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9359779.
Dyer SA, Nguyen V, Rafie S, Awdishu L. Impact of Medication Reconciliation by a Dialysis Pharmacist. Kidney360. 2022 May 26;3(5):922-925. doi: 10.34067/KID.0007182021. eCollection 2022 May 26. PubMed PMID: 36128498; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9438412.
Mospan C, Vernon V, Rafie S. Pharmacist contraception services: All about access. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2022 Jan-Feb;62(1):345-348. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.11.019. Epub 2021 Nov 24. PubMed PMID: 34920956.
Rafie S, Wollum A, Grindlay K. Patient experiences with pharmacist prescribed hormonal contraception in California independent and chain pharmacies. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2022 Jan-Feb;62(1):378-386. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.11.002. Epub 2021 Nov 3. PubMed PMID: 34996577.
Soon JA, Whelan AM, Yuksel N, Rafie S. Enhancing access to contraception through pharmacist prescribing across Canada. Can Pharm J (Ott). 2021 Nov-Dec;154(6):356-362. doi: 10.1177/17151635211034534. eCollection 2021 Nov-Dec. PubMed PMID: 34777642; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8581806.
Newlon JL, Bentley JP, Snyder ME, Zillich AJ, Rafie S, Illingworth Plake KS. Impact of pharmacist prescribing through direct pharmacy access policies on access to hormonal contraception. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2022 Jan-Feb;62(1):194-201.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.08.010. Epub 2021 Aug 14. PubMed PMID: 34454867.
Stone RH, Cieri-Hutcherson NE, Vernon V, Arellano R, Mospan C, Harris JB, Barnes KN, Griffin BL, Lodise NM, Patel J, Rafie S, Vest K. Curricular Considerations for Preparing Student Pharmacists to Prescribe Hormonal Contraception. Am J Pharm Educ. 2022 Apr;86(4):8667. doi: 10.5688/ajpe8667. Epub 2021 Aug 12. Review. PubMed PMID: 34385172; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10159422.
Siddiqui N, Rafie S, Tall Bull S, Mody SK. Access to contraception in pharmacies during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2021 Nov-Dec;61(6):e65-e70. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.08.002. Epub 2021 Aug 8. PubMed PMID: 34452840; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8349401.
Kaller S, Morris N, Biggs MA, Baba CF, Rafie S, Raine-Bennett TR, Creinin MD, Berry E, Micks EA, Meckstroth KR, Averbach S, Grossman D. Pharmacists' knowledge, perspectives, and experiences with mifepristone dispensing for medication abortion. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2021 Nov-Dec;61(6):785-794.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.06.017. Epub 2021 Jun 18. PubMed PMID: 34281806.
Wilkinson TA, Meredith AH, Rafie S, Katz AJ, Vielott TL, Meagher CG, Ott MA. Adolescents' and Young Adults' Ability to Self-Screen for Contraindications to Hormonal Contraception and the Role of Chronic Illness. J Adolesc Health. 2021 Oct;69(4):566-573. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.04.032. Epub 2021 Jun 4. PubMed PMID: 34092474; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9132612.
Stone RH, Rafie S. Medication abortion: Advocating for mifepristone dispensing by pharmacists. Contraception. 2021 Jul;104(1):31-32. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.04.029. Epub 2021 May 8. PubMed PMID: 33971150.
Grossman D, Baba CF, Kaller S, Biggs MA, Raifman S, Gurazada T, Rafie S, Averbach S, Meckstroth KR, Micks EA, Berry E, Raine-Bennett TR, Creinin MD. Medication Abortion With Pharmacist Dispensing of Mifepristone. Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Apr 1;137(4):613-622. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004312. PubMed PMID: 33706339; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7984759.
Rafie S, Kroon L, Schweitzer P. Access To Birth Control At Community Pharmacies. Health Aff (Millwood). 2021 Jan;40(1):178. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01582. PubMed PMID: 33400573.
Pfaff A, Rafie S. Expanding Pharmacy Capacity for Patient-Centered Reproductive Health Services. Pharmacy (Basel). 2020 Dec 9;8(4). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8040236. PubMed PMID: 33316908; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7768349.
Luli AJ, Tran N, Ataya A, Rafie S. Patient Screenings for Preconception Health Interventions at a Community Pharmacy. Pharmacy (Basel). 2020 Oct 5;8(4). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8040181. PubMed PMID: 33027982; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7712468.
Mitchell M, Stauffenberg C, Vernon V, Mospan CM, Shipman AJ, Rafie S. Opposition to Pharmacist Contraception Services: Evidence for Rebuttal. Pharmacy (Basel). 2020 Sep 23;8(4). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8040176. PubMed PMID: 32977545; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7711847.
Katz M, Newmark RL, Aronstam A, O'Grady N, Strome S, Rafie S, Karlin J. An implementation project to expand access to self-administered depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). Contraception. 2020 Dec;102(6):392-395. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.09.001. Epub 2020 Sep 12. PubMed PMID: 32931811; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7486600.
Nikpour G, Allen A, Rafie S, Sim M, Rible R, Chen A. Pharmacy Implementation of a New Law Allowing Year-Long Hormonal Contraception Supplies. Pharmacy (Basel). 2020 Sep 6;8(3). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8030165. PubMed PMID: 32899924; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7560217.
Stone RH, Rafie S, Ernest D, Scutt B. Emergency Contraception Access and Counseling in Urban Pharmacies: A Comparison between States with and without Pharmacist Prescribing. Pharmacy (Basel). 2020 Jun 19;8(2). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8020105. PubMed PMID: 32575655; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7355476.
Rim C, El-Ibiary SY, Rafie S, Borgelt LM. Assessment of contraceptive curricula in US pharmacy programs. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2020 Apr;12(4):395-399. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2019.12.025. Epub 2020 Jan 8. PubMed PMID: 32334754.
Martino JG, Smith SR, Rafie S, Rafie S, Marienfeld C. Physician and Pharmacist: Attitudes, Facilitators, and Barriers to Prescribing Naloxone for Home Rescue. Am J Addict. 2020 Jan;29(1):65-72. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12982. Epub 2019 Dec 5. PubMed PMID: 31804746.
Stone RH, Rafie S, Griffin B, Shealy K, Stein AB. Pharmacist self-perception of readiness to prescribe hormonal contraception and additional training needs. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2020 Jan;12(1):27-34. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2019.10.005. Epub 2019 Nov 23. PubMed PMID: 31843161.
Mody SK, Rafie S, Hildebrand M, Oakley LP. Exploring emergency contraception prescribing by pharmacists in California(). Contraception. 2019 Dec;100(6):464-467. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2019.08.012. Epub 2019 Sep 4. PubMed PMID: 31493380.
Rafie S, Cieri-Hutcherson NE, Frame TR, Griffin B, Harris JB, Horlen C, Shealy K, Stein AB, Stone RH, Vest K, Westberg S, Yancey AM. Pharmacists' Perspectives on Prescribing and Expanding Access to Hormonal Contraception in Pharmacies in the United States. J Pharm Pract. 2021 Apr;34(2):230-238. doi: 10.1177/0897190019867601. Epub 2019 Aug 7. PubMed PMID: 31390938.
Rafie S, Richards E, Rafie S, Landau SC, Wilkinson TA. Pharmacist Outlooks on Prescribing Hormonal Contraception Following Statewide Scope of Practice Expansion. Pharmacy (Basel). 2019 Jul 18;7(3). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy7030096. PubMed PMID: 31323818; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6789671.
Ditmars L, Rafie S, Kashou G, Cleland K, Bayer L, Wilkinson TA. Emergency Contraception Counseling in California Community Pharmacies: A Mystery Caller Study. Pharmacy (Basel). 2019 Apr 23;7(2). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy7020038. PubMed PMID: 31018486; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6630498.
Devries J, Rafie S, Ajayi TA, Kreshak A, Edmonds KP. Results of a Naloxone Screening Quality-Improvement Project in an Academic Emergency Department. J Emerg Med. 2019 Apr;56(4):378-385. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.12.029. Epub 2019 Feb 13. PubMed PMID: 30770141.
Lu S, Rafie S, Hamper J, Strauss R, Kroon L. Characterizing pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraception services and users in California and Oregon pharmacies. Contraception. 2019 Apr;99(4):239-243. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2018.12.002. Epub 2018 Dec 16. PubMed PMID: 30562478.
Ng C, Najjar R, DiPietro Mager N, Rafie S. Pharmacist and student pharmacist perspectives on providing preconception care in the United States. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2018 Jul-Aug;58(4):426-431. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2018.04.020. Epub 2018 Jun 5. PubMed PMID: 29884475.
Schnock KO, Dykes PC, Albert J, Ariosto D, Cameron C, Carroll DL, Donahue M, Drucker AG, Duncan R, Fang L, Husch M, McDonald N, Maddox RR, McGuire J, Rafie S, Robertson E, Sawyer M, Wade E, Yoon CS, Lipsitz S, Bates DW. A Multi-hospital Before-After Observational Study Using a Point-Prevalence Approach with an Infusion Safety Intervention Bundle to Reduce Intravenous Medication Administration Errors. Drug Saf. 2018 Jun;41(6):591-602. doi: 10.1007/s40264-018-0637-3. PubMed PMID: 29411338.
Raifman S, Orlando M, Rafie S, Grossman D. Medication abortion: Potential for improved patient access through pharmacies. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2018 Jul-Aug;58(4):377-381. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 May 8. PubMed PMID: 29752204.
Batra P, Rafie S, Zhang Z, Singh AV, Bird CE, Sridhar A, Sullivan JG. An Evaluation of the Implementation of Pharmacist-Prescribed Hormonal Contraceptives in California. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 May;131(5):850-855. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002572. PubMed PMID: 29630024.
Griffin BL, Stone RH, El-Ibiary SY, Westberg S, Shealy K, Forinash A, Yancey A, Vest K, Karaoui LR, Rafie S, Horlen C, Lodise N, Cieri-Hutcherson N, McBane S, Simonyan A. Guide for Drug Selection During Pregnancy and Lactation: What Pharmacists Need to Know for Current Practice. Ann Pharmacother. 2018 Aug;52(8):810-818. doi: 10.1177/1060028018764447. Epub 2018 Mar 9. Review. PubMed PMID: 29519141.
Wilkinson TA, Rafie S, Clark PD, Carroll AE, Miller E. Evaluating Community Pharmacy Responses About Levonorgestrel Emergency Contraception by Mystery Caller Characteristics. J Adolesc Health. 2018 Jul;63(1):32-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.11.303. Epub 2018 Feb 21. PubMed PMID: 29475729.
Wilkinson TA, Miller C, Rafie S, Landau SC, Rafie S. Older teen attitudes toward birth control access in pharmacies: a qualitative study. Contraception. 2018 Mar;97(3):249-255. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2017.11.008. Epub 2017 Dec 7. PubMed PMID: 29223497.
Vu K, Rafie S, Grindlay K, Gutierrez H, Grossman D. Pharmacist Intentions to Prescribe Hormonal Contraception Following New Legislative Authority in California. J Pharm Pract. 2019 Feb;32(1):54-61. doi: 10.1177/0897190017737897. Epub 2017 Nov 2. PubMed PMID: 29096570.
Stone R, Rafie S, El-Ibiary SY, Vernon V, Lodise NM. Emergency Contraception Algorithm and Guide for Clinicians. Nurs Womens Health. 2017 Aug-Sep;21(4):297-305. doi: 10.1016/j.nwh.2017.06.005. PubMed PMID: 28784210.
Wilkinson TA, Clark P, Rafie S, Carroll AE, Miller E. Access to Emergency Contraception After Removal of Age Restrictions. Pediatrics. 2017 Jul;140(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-4262. PubMed PMID: 28759402; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5495529.
Galzote RM, Rafie S, Teal R, Mody SK. Transdermal delivery of combined hormonal contraception: a review of the current literature. Int J Womens Health. 2017;9:315-321. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S102306. eCollection 2017. Review. PubMed PMID: 28553144; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5440026.
Rafie S, Stone RH, Wilkinson TA, Borgelt LM, El-Ibiary SY, Ragland D. Role of the community pharmacist in emergency contraception counseling and delivery in the United States: current trends and future prospects. Integr Pharm Res Pract. 2017;6:99-108. doi: 10.2147/IPRP.S99541. eCollection 2017. Review. PubMed PMID: 29354556; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5774329.
What would you like to do?