GSTA1 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GSTA1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: glutathione S-transferase alpha 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4626
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000243955 MIM:138359; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4626
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: GST2; GTH1; GSTA1-1; GST-epsilon
Summary: This gene encodes a member of a family of enzymes that function to add glutathione to target electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins, and products of oxidative stress. This action is an important step in detoxification of these compounds. This subfamily of enzymes has a particular role in protecting cells from reactive oxygen species and the products of peroxidation. Polymorphisms in this gene influence the ability of individuals to metabolize different drugs. This gene is located in a cluster of similar genes and pseudogenes on chromosome 6. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]
Expression: Biased expression in liver (RPKM 342.4), kidney (RPKM 288.3) and 6 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 6p12.2

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	6	NC_000006.12 (52791371..52803816, complement)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	6	NC_060930.1 (52630148..52642586, complement)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	6	NC_000006.11 (52656169..52668614, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Influence of Glutathione-S-Transferase A1*B Allele on the Metabolism of the Aromatase Inhibitor, Exemestane, in Human Liver Cytosols and in Patients Treated With Exemestane.
Title: Influence of Glutathione-S-Transferase A1*B Allele on the Metabolism of the Aromatase Inhibitor, Exemestane, in Human Liver Cytosols and in Patients Treated With Exemestane.
The analysis of GSTA1 promoter genetic and functional diversity of human populations.
Title: The analysis of GSTA1 promoter genetic and functional diversity of human populations.
Comparison of the tissue expressions of glutathione S transferase isoenzymes among patients with morphea and healthy controls: A preliminary study.
Title: Comparison of the tissue expressions of glutathione S transferase isoenzymes among patients with morphea and healthy controls: A preliminary study.
The Interaction of Human Glutathione Transferase GSTA1-1 with Reactive Dyes.
Title: The Interaction of Human Glutathione Transferase GSTA1-1 with Reactive Dyes.
Population pharmacokinetic analysis of intravenous busulfan: GSTA1 genotype is not a predictive factor of initial dose in Chinese adult patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Title: Population pharmacokinetic analysis of intravenous busulfan: GSTA1 genotype is not a predictive factor of initial dose in Chinese adult patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
GSTA1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may have affected busulfan pharmacokinetics, but these effects were obscured by other factors, such as underlying disease, systemic conditions, treatment history, and race.
Title: Influence of GST polymorphisms on busulfan pharmacokinetics in Japanese children.
Genotypes with lower or null activity of the GSTA1, GSTM1 or GSTT1 did not contribute independently to psoriasis susceptibility in our patients. However, we observed significant associations of genotype combinations with the risk of psoriasis development.
Title: Combinations of common polymorphisms within GSTA1 and GSTT1 as a risk factor for psoriasis in a central European population: a case-control study.
For glutathione S-transferase alpha 1(GSTA1) and glutathione S-transferase mu 1(GSTM1) polymorphisms, an association was observed with dietary fiber intake
Title: Association of Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms with Dietary Composition but Not Anthropometry in Obese as Well as Nonobese Individuals.
With the use of siRNAs to compare the roles of GSTP1, GSTM2 and GSTA1 in three representative cisplatinresistant solid cancer cells, it is preliminarily concluded that GSTA predominates over the other two isozymes in the cisplatin resistance of the tested lungs, ovaries and stomach cancer cells.
Title: Glutathione S‑transferase isozyme alpha 1 is predominantly involved in the cisplatin resistance of common types of solid cancer.
GSTA1 Expression Is Correlated With Aldosterone Level in KCNJ5-Mutated Adrenal Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma.
Title: GSTA1 Expression Is Correlated With Aldosterone Level in KCNJ5-Mutated Adrenal Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (132)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

G66731 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166944

G66732 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166945

G66733 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166946

RH15792 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:48990

GSTA2_2506 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:280745

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables fatty acid binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables glutathione peroxidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glutathione transferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glutathione transferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glutathione transferase activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables steroid delta-isomerase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in epithelial cell differentiation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in glutathione derivative biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glutathione metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in linoleic acid metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in xenobiotic metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutathione S-transferase A1

Names: 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoate peroxidase; GST HA subunit 1; GST class-alpha member 1; S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase A1; androst-5-ene-3,17-dione isomerase; glutathione S-alkyltransferase A1; glutathione S-aryltransferase A1; glutathione S-transferase 2; glutathione S-transferase Ha subunit 1; testicular tissue protein Li 80

NP_001305988.1

EC 2.5.1.18

NP_665683.1

EC 2.5.1.18

XP_005249091.1

EC 2.5.1.18

XP_054211231.1

EC 2.5.1.18

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001319059.2 → NP_001305988.1 glutathione S-transferase A1 isoform 2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate exon and initiates translation at a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AL590363

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd03208
Location:1 → 127

GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
NM_145740.5 → NP_665683.1 glutathione S-transferase A1 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_665683.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encode the longer isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AL590363, BC053578, BM973137, DC339498

Consensus CDS

CCDS4945.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P08263, Q14750, Q5GHF8, Q5SZC1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A140VJK4, A8K987, B2R920

Related

ENSP00000335620.5, ENST00000334575.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd03208
Location:86 → 220

GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases

cd03077
Location:4 → 82

GST_N_Alpha; GST_N family, Class Alpha subfamily; GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including carcinogens, ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

52791371..52803816 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_005249034.5 → XP_005249091.1 glutathione S-transferase A1 isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005249091.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A8K987, B2R920, B7Z1F9

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd03077
Location:4 → 82

GST_N_Alpha; GST_N family, Class Alpha subfamily; GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including carcinogens, ...

cl02776
Location:86 → 182

GST_C_family; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family