Abstract

Burnout has become an increasing topic of discussion in recent years. Against this background, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention programs aimed at preventing burnout. Using the databases Medline, PsycINFO, and PSYNDEX, we conducted a systematic search of burnout intervention studies from 1995-2011, completing this by a hand search. A total of 33 primary intervention studies (34 publications) were identified and reviewed. Twenty-four (71%) were person-centered interventions, while 10 (29%) were combined individual and organizational interventions. Of the interventions, 76% had a positive effect on burnout or its subcomponents; 16% of the studies were followed for periods ranging from more than 12 months to 3 years. In three of these studies, the intervention had a positive effect on burnout outcome measures. Burnout intervention programs tend to be effective, and their effects can be enhanced in refresher courses. Future research should focus on combined (person-centered and organization-based) intervention programs, include different risk groups, and provide long-term follow-up.