Apolipoprotein abnormalities in patients undergoing permanent hemodialysis programme appear to be risk factors for development of cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine the presence of risk factors of lipidic origin in these patients. We examined a group of 45 patients on hemodialysis--26 males (average age of 52.4 years) and 19 females (average age of 51.3 years). The patients were divided into normolipemic (n = 23) and hyperlipemic group (n = 22). The control group consisted of nine men (average age of 55.7 years) and nine women (average age of 58.3 years). The values of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (computatively), apolipoprotein AI and apolipoprotein B were determined. There was not statistically significant difference of atherosclerosis index (LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol) between normolipemic and hyperlipemic group of patients, as well as in relation to the control group. The relation between apo B/apo AI in both groups was significantly different in relation to the control group (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001); difference found between normolipemic and hyperlipemc group was also important (p = 0.003). The obtained results show that examination of apolipoprotein AI and apolipoprotein B in case of patients on hemodialysis, both noromolipemic and hyperlipemic, indicates the presence of risk factors for coronary diseases and atherosclerosis.