Introduction: Pseudoaneurysms in deep or unusual sites raise the possibility of an underlying vessel wall disorder.
Report: A 28-year-old woman presented with pain and swelling of her calf, with no history of trauma. Angiography diagnosed a peroneal artery pseudoaneurysm, which we embolised successfully. Subsequent genetic analysis revealed the COL3A1 mutation, confirming Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report of a peroneal artery pseudoaneurysm associated with underlying collagen vascular disease.