New technological developments, coupled with the limitations of existing methodologies for the detection of disease, are propelling the field of salivary diagnostics forward at unprecedented rates. Advancements in proteomics and nanotechnology are paving the way for diagnostic tests that will be capable of rapid multi-analyte detection in both laboratory and nonlaboratory settings. Technological advancements have also benefited biomarker research to the point where saliva is now recognized as an excellent diagnostic medium that can be collected simply and noninvasively. This article reviews the varying nanotechnological platforms and how they will utilize saliva as the diagnostic medium.